FRAMELESS RADIOSURGERY TREATMENT SYSTEM AND METHOD

• US 20090129545A1
• Filed: 01/20/2009
• Published: 05/21/2009
• Est. Priority Date: 03/16/1999
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Accuray Incorporated
• Original Assignee: Accuray Incorporated
• Inventors: Adler, John R., Schweikard, Achim
• Granted Patent: US 8,086,299 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 378/65
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 10/0233 Pointed or sharp biopsy instruments
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 18/20 using laser
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2017/00694 with means correcting for movement of or for synchronisation with the body
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2017/00699 correcting for movement caused by respiration, e.g. by triggering
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2034/2055 Optical tracking systems
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2034/2072 Reference field transducer attached to an instrument or patient
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2090/101 for stereotaxic radiosurgery
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2090/376 using X-rays, e.g. fluoroscopy
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2090/3983 Reference marker arrangements for use with image guided surgery
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 34/20 Surgical navigation systems; Devices for tracking or guiding surgical instruments, e.g. for frameless stereotaxis
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 6/12 Arrangements for detecting or locating foreign bodies
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 6/4458 the source unit or the detector unit being attached to robotic arms
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 6/527 using data from a motion artifact sensor
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 90/10 for stereotaxic surgery, e.g. frame-based stereotaxis
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 90/39 Markers, e.g. radio-opaque or breast lesions markers
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 2005/1061 using an x-ray imaging system having a separate imaging source
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 5/103 Treatment planning systems
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 5/1048 Monitoring, verifying, controlling systems and methods
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 5/1049 for verifying the position of the patient with respect to the radiation beam
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 5/1064 for adjusting radiation treatment in response to monitoring
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 5/1067 : in real time, i.e. during treatment
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 7/02 : Localised ultrasound hyperthermia hyperthermia in general A61F7/00

Abstract

A method and apparatus for selectively and accurately localizing and treating a target within a patient are provided. A three dimensional mapping of a region surrounding the target is coupled to a surgical intervention. Two or more diagnostic beams at a known non-zero angle to one another may pass through the mapping region to produce images of projections within the mapping region in order to accurately localize and treat the target wherein the images are captured using one or more image recorders.

Claims

1-28. -28. (canceled)

29. A system for directing a treatment beam towards a patient, comprising:

a treatment bed to support the patient during a treatment;

two or more diagnostic beam generators to generate diagnostic beams directed towards the patient during the treatment, the diagnostic beam generators being located at different predetermined positions, wherein a beam from each diagnostic beam generator is at a predetermined non-zero angle with respect to beams of the other diagnostic beam generators;

an image recording device located adjacent the treatment bed to receive the diagnostic beams from the two or more diagnostic beam generators, wherein the image recording device is configured to capture the images from the diagnostic beams; and

a respiratory motion detection system configured to determine the external movement of the patient during a respiratory cycle and to energize a treatment beam at a predetermined point in the respiratory cycle during the treatment.

30. The system of claim 29, wherein the diagnostic beam generators comprise x-ray beam generators.

31. The system of claim 29, wherein the image recording device comprises an amorphous silicon image recorder.

32. The system of claim 29, further comprising a linear accelerator to generate the treatment beam.

33. A method for directing a treatment beam towards a target region in a patient, comprising:

generating a three-dimensional image of the patient prior to a treatment;

determining a plurality of respiration cycles of the patient from external movement of the patient;

energizing one or more diagnostic beams at a predetermined cycle time within one of the plurality of respiration cycles to locate the target region during the treatment; and

energizing the treatment beam at the same predetermined cycle time during a subsequent one of the plurality of respiration cycles to treat the target region.

34. An apparatus for directing a treatment beam towards a target region in a patient, comprising:

means for generating a three-dimensional image of the patient prior to the treatment;

means for determining a respiration cycle of the patient from external movement of the patient;

means for energizing one or more diagnostic beams at a predetermined time during the respiration cycle to locate the target region during the treatment; and

means for energizing a treatment beam at the same predetermined time during the respiration cycle to treat the target region.

35. The apparatus of claim 34, further comprising:

means for comparing images derived from the diagnostic beams to the three-dimensional image to determine the position of the target region at that time; and

means for adjusting a targeting of the treatment beam in response to the comparison of the three-dimensional image and the images derived from the diagnostic beams.

36. The apparatus of claim 34, wherein the means for adjusting further comprises a computer-controlled robot for positioning the treatment beam.