IMPLANTS FOR PARTIAL KNEE ARTHROPLASTY

• US 20090265012A1
• Filed: 04/20/2009
• Published: 10/22/2009
• Est. Priority Date: 06/14/2001
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Cayenne Medical Incorporated (Zimmer Biomet Holdings, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Alexandria Research Technologies, Inc.
• Inventors: Engh, Gerard A., Johnson, Wesley D.
• Granted Patent: US 7,896,922 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 623/20.180
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/00234 for minimally invasive surgery A61B17/0218, A61B17/0469, A61B17/12013, A61B17/1285, A61B17/29, A61B17/320016 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/0206 with antagonistic arms as supports for retractor elements
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/025 Joint distractors
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/1628 Motors; Power supplies
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/1631 Special drive shafts, e.g. flexible shafts A61B17/1642, A61B17/164 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/1666 for the acetabulum
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/1675 for the knee
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/32002 with continuously rotating, oscillating or reciprocating cutting instruments
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2017/00398 using powered actuators, e.g. stepper motors, solenoids
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2017/00539 hydraulically
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2017/00557 inflatable A61B2017/22051 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2017/0268 for the knee
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2017/0275 for the hip
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2017/1602 Mills
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/30724 Spacers for centering an implant in a bone cavity, e.g. in a cement-receiving cavity
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/30767 Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/30942 for designing or making customized prostheses, e.g. using templates, CT or NMR scans, finite-element analysis or CAD-CAM techniques
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/34 Acetabular cups
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/3662 Femoral shafts
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/38 for elbows or knees
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/3859 : Femoral components
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/3872 : Meniscus for implantation between the natural bone surfaces
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/3877 : Patellae or trochleae
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/389 : Tibial components A61F2/3868 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/4603 : for insertion or extraction of endoprosthetic joints or of accessories thereof
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/461 : of knees
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/4684 : Trial or dummy prostheses
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/30092 : using shape memory or superelastic materials, e.g. nitinol
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/30604 : modular
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/30616 : Sets comprising a plurality of prosthetic parts of different sizes or orientations
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/30884 : Fins or wings, e.g. longitudinal wings for preventing rotation within the bone cavity
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/30894 : inclined obliquely with respect to each other
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/3895 : unicompartimental
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/4631 : the prosthesis being specially adapted for being cemented
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/4635 : using minimally invasive surgery
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/4681 : by applying mechanical shocks, e.g. by hammering
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/4693 : hydraulic
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/4694 : pneumatic
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2210/0014 : using shape memory or superelastic materials, e.g. nitinol
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2310/00017 : Iron- or Fe-based alloys, e.g. stainless steel
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2310/00023 : Titanium or titanium-based alloys, e.g. Ti-Ni alloys
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2310/00029 : Cobalt-based alloys, e.g. Co-Cr alloys or Vitallium
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2310/00952 : Coating, pre-coating or prosthesis-covering structure made of bone cement, e.g. pre-applied PMMA cement mantle

Abstract

The present invention provides a method and device for restoring individual patient joint kinematic using minimally invasive surgical procedures. The instrumentation of the invention sculpts the articular surface of a first bone that normally articulates in a predetermined manner with a second bone. The implant system is comprised of implants that provide intraoperative surgical options for articular constraint and facilitate proper alignment and orientation of the joint to restore kinematics as defined by the individual patient anatomy.

Claims

1. An apparatus to partially replace articulating surfaces of a knee joint, the apparatus comprising:

a femoral implant including an outer bearing surface and an inner surface structured for attachment to the femur, said femoral implant comprising a single component that resurfaces the femoral trochlea and one femoral condyle, said single component structured to extend from the top of the patellofemoral groove and over one femoral condyle; and

a tibial implant including an outer bearing surface structured to mimic and replace one plateau of a proximal tibia, said tibial implant positionable adjacent to said femoral implant; and

a patellar implant including an outer bearing surface structured to mimic and replace a portion of the posterior surface of a patella, said patellar implant positionable adjacent to said femoral implant,

wherein the outer bearing surface of said femoral implant is structured to contact said tibial implant and said patellar implant and further wherein the resulting configuration of the femoral implant and the tibial implant and the patellar implant articulate in a predetermined manner to restore proper kinematics.

2. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said femoral, tibial and patellar implants are structured to avoid disrupting the anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments.

3. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the femoral implant is structured to replace the trochlea and the lateral condyle.

4. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the femoral implant is structured to replace the trochlea and the medial condyle.

5. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the femoral implant is structured to replace the trochlea.

6. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein each of the femoral, patellar and tibial implants are of unitary construction.

7. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the tibial implant further comprises a fixed bearing attachment and a bearing attached thereto.

8. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the tibial implant further comprises a mobile bearing attachment and a bearing attached thereto.

9. An apparatus to partially replace articulating surfaces of a knee joint, the apparatus comprising:

a femoral implant including an outer bearing surface and an inner surface structured for attachment to the femur, said femoral implant comprising a single component that resurfaces the femoral trochlea and one femoral condyle, said single component structured to extend from the top of the patellofemoral groove and over one femoral condyle; and

a patellar implant including an outer bearing surface structured to mimic and replace a portion of the posterior surface of a patella, said patellar implant positionable adjacent to said femoral implant,

wherein the outer bearing surface of said femoral implant is structured to contact said patellar implant and further wherein the resulting configuration of the femoral implant and patellar implant articulate in a predetermined mariner to restore proper kinematics.

10. The apparatus of claim 9 wherein said femoral and patellar implants are structured to avoid disrupting the anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments.

11. The apparatus of claim 9 wherein the femoral implant is structured to replace the trochlea and the lateral condyle.

12. The apparatus of claim 9 wherein the femoral implant is structured to replace the trochlea and the medial condyle.

13. The apparatus of claim 9 wherein the femoral implant is structured to replace the trochlea.

14. The apparatus of claim 9 wherein each of the femoral and patellar implants are of unitary construction.

15. A system to partially replace articulating surfaces of a knee joint, the system comprising:

a set of femoral implants of various sizes, each of said femoral implants including an outer bearing surface and an inner surface structured for attachment to the femur, each of said femoral implants comprising a single piece structured to extend from the top of the patellofemoral groove and over one femoral condyle;

a set of tibial implants of various sizes, each of said tibial implants including an outer bearing surface structured to mimic and replace one plateau of a proximal tibia, each of said tibial implants positionable adjacent to one of said femoral implants; and

a set of patellar implants of various sizes, each of said patellar implants including an outer bearing surface structured to mimic and replace a portion of the posterior surface of a patella, each of said patellar implants positionable adjacent to one of said femoral implants,

wherein the outer bearing surface of one of said femoral implants is structured to contact one of said tibial implants and one of said patellar implants and further wherein the resulting configuration of the femoral implant, tibial implant and patellar implant articulate in a predetermined manner to restore proper kinematics.

16. The system of claim 15 wherein the set of femoral implants are structured to replace the trochlea and the lateral condyle.

17. The system of claim 15 wherein the set of femoral implants are structured to replace the trochlea and the medial condyle.

18. The system of claim 15 wherein the set of femoral implants are structured to replace the trochlea.

19. The system of claim 15 wherein the set of tibial, femoral and patellar implants are of unitary construction.

20. The system of claim 15 wherein the set of tibial implants further comprise a fixed bearing attachment and a bearing attached thereto.

21. The system of claim 15 wherein the set of tibial implants further comprise a mobile bearing attachment and a bearing attached thereto.

22. A system to partially replace articulating surfaces of a knee joint, the system comprising:

a set of femoral implants of various sizes, each of said femoral implants including an outer bearing surface and an inner surface structured for attachment to the femur, each of said femoral implants comprising a single piece structured to extend from the top of the patellofemoral groove and over one femoral condyle; and

a set of patellar implants of various sizes, each of said patellar implants including an outer bearing surface structured to mimic and replace a portion of the posterior surface of a patella, each of said patellar implants positionable adjacent to one of said femoral implants,

wherein the outer bearing surface of one of said femoral implants is structured to contact one of said patellar implants and further wherein the resulting configuration of the femoral implant and patellar implant articulate in a predetermined manner to restore proper kinematics.

23. The system of claim 22 wherein the set of femoral implants are structured to replace the trochlea and the lateral condyle.

24. The system of claim 22 wherein the set of femoral implants are structured to replace the trochlea and the medial condyle.

25. The system of claim 22 wherein the set of femoral implants are structured to replace the trochlea.

26. The system of claim 22 wherein the set of femoral and patellar implants are of unitary construction.