Method, System, and Computer Program Product for the Detection of Physical Activity by Changes in Heart Rate, Assessment of Fast Changing Metabolic States, and Applications of Closed and Open Control Loop in Diabetes

US 20100057043A1
Filed: 11/27/2007
Published: 03/04/2010
Est. Priority Date: 11/27/2006
Status: Active Grant

First Claim

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1. A method for detecting physical activity and its effects on metabolic demand, said method comprising:

detecting onset of the physical activity using changes in heart rate data.

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Abstract

A method, system, and computer program product related to the detection of physical activity using changes in heart rate. The method, system, and computer program product evaluates short term glucose demand and long term insulin action due to physical activity. The method, system, and computer program product is further related to the improvement of open and closed loop control of diabetes by accounting for the metabolic changes due to physical activity. The method, system, and computer program product is directed to detecting in real time the short and long term effects of physical activity on insulin action via heart rate analysis, and recommending changes in insulin dosing to compensate for the effects of physical activity. With these recommendations, the open and closed loop control of diabetes can be improved and steps can be taken to prevent hypoglycemia that may result from increased insulin sensitivity due to physical activity.

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261 Claims

1. A method for detecting physical activity and its effects on metabolic demand, said method comprising:
- detecting onset of the physical activity using changes in heart rate data.
- View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 116, 136)
- - 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
    - acquiring heart rate data.
  - 3. The method of claim 2, wherein said detection of physical activity comprising:
    - transforming said heart rate data;
      
      computing an index to detect physical activity based on results of said transformation; and
      
      detecting physical activity using said index and said heart rate data.
  - 4. The method of claim 3, wherein said index is calculated as:
  - 5. The method of claim 2, wherein said detection of onset of physical activity occurs at the completion of acquiring said heart rate data.
  - 6. The method of claim 2, wherein said detection of onset of physical activity occurs near contemporaneously to the latest acquisition of said heart rate data.
  - 7. The method of claim 2, wherein said detection of onset of physical activity occurs after the completion of acquiring said heart rate data.
  - 8. The method of claim 2, wherein said detection of onset of physical activity occurs in real time.
  - 9. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
    - evaluating effects of physical activity on glucose demand.
  - 10. The method of claim 9, further comprising:
    - acquiring glucose data and heart rate data.
  - 11. The method of claim 10, wherein said detection of physical activity comprising:
    - transforming said heart rate data;
      
      computing an index to detect physical activity based on results of said transformation; and
      
      detecting physical activity using said index and said heart rate data.
  - 12. The method of claim 11, wherein said index is calculated as:
  - 13. The method of claim 10, wherein said heart rate data is acquired frequently.
  - 14. The method of claim 10, wherein said heart rate data is acquired with a sampling period less than or equal to about 1 minute.
  - 15. The method of claim 10, wherein said heart rate data is acquired with a sampling period less than or equal to about 10 minutes.
  - 16. The method of claim 10, wherein said glucose data is acquired frequently.
  - 17. The method of claim 10, wherein said glucose data is acquired with a sampling period less than or equal to about 15 minutes.
  - 18. The method of claim 9, wherein said evaluation comprising:
    - calculating deviations of heart rate values and blood glucose values from basal heart rate values and basal blood glucose values;
      
      calculating a quantitative measure of short-term change in glucose demand due to said physical activity; and
      
      calculating a short term change in metabolic demand.
  - 19. The method of claim 18, wherein said short term effects correspond to during and within about 15 minutes after physical activity.
  - 20. The method of claim 18, wherein said short term effects correspond to during and within about 1 hour after physical activity.
  - 21. The method of claim 18, wherein said short term effects correspond to during and within about 2 hour after physical activity.
  - 22. The method of claim 18, wherein said quantitative measure of short term change in glucose demand is calculated as:
  - 23. The method of claim 9, wherein said evaluation comprising:
    - calculating deviations of heart rate values and blood glucose values from basal heart rate values and basal blood glucose values;
      
      calculating a quantitative measure of long-term change in glucose demand due to said physical activity; and
      
      calculating a long term change in metabolic demand.
  - 24. The method of claim 23, wherein said long term effects correspond to at least about 2 hours after physical activity.
  - 25. The method of claim 23, wherein said long term effects correspond to during and within about 6 hours after physical activity.
  - 26. The method of claim 23, wherein said long term effects correspond to during and within about 12 hours after physical activity.
  - 27. The method of claim 23, wherein said long term effects correspond to during and within about 24 hours after physical activity.
  - 28. The method of claim 23, wherein said long term effects correspond to during and at least about 24 hours after physical activity.
  - 29. The method of claim 23, wherein said quantitative measure of long term change in insulin action is calculated as:
  - 30. The method of claim 9, wherein said evaluation comprising:
    - calculating deviations of heart rate values and blood glucose values from basal heart rate values and basal blood glucose values;
      
      calculating a quantitative measure of short-term change in glucose demand due to said physical activity;
      
      calculating a quantitative measure of long-term change in glucose demand due to said physical activity; and
      
      calculating a change in metabolic demand.
  - 31. The method of claim 30, wherein said short term effects correspond to during and within about 15 minutes after physical activity.
  - 32. The method of claim 30, wherein said short term effects correspond to during and within about 1 hour after physical activity.
  - 33. The method of claim 30, wherein said short term effects correspond to during and within about 2 hour after physical activity.
  - 34. The method of claim 30, wherein said long-term effects correspond to at least about 2 hours after physical activity.
  - 35. The method of claim 30, wherein said long-term effects correspond to within about 6 hours after physical activity.
  - 36. The method of claim 30, wherein said long-term effects correspond to within about 12 hours after physical activity.
  - 37. The method of claim 30, wherein said long-term effects correspond to within about 24 hours after physical activity.
  - 38. The method of claim 30, wherein said long-term effects correspond to about at least 24 hours after physical activity.
  - 39. The method of claim 30, wherein said quantitative measure of short-term change and long-term change in glucose demand is calculated as:
  - 40. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
    - evaluating changes in insulin sensitivity and glucose demand due to the physical activity; and
      
      indicating recommendations of insulin dosing.
  - 41. The method of claim 40, further comprising:
    - acquiring glucose data, insulin delivery data and heart rate data.
  - 42. The method of claim 41, wherein said detection of physical activity comprising:
    - transforming said heart rate data;
      
      computing an index to detect physical activity based on results of said transformation; and
      
      detecting physical activity using said index and said heart rate data.
  - 43. The method of claim 42, wherein said index is calculated as:
  - 44. The method of claim 41, wherein said glucose data is continuous.
  - 45. The method of claim 41, wherein said heart rate data is acquired frequently.
  - 46. The method of claim 41, wherein said heart rate data is acquired with a sampling period less than or equal to 1 minute.
  - 47. The method of claim 41, wherein said heart rate data is acquired with a sampling period less than or equal to about 10 minutes.
  - 48. The method of claim 41, wherein said glucose data is acquired frequently.
  - 49. The method of claim 41, wherein said glucose data is acquired with a sampling period less than or equal to 15 minutes.
  - 50. The method of claim 41, wherein said indication of recommendation of insulin dosing occurs about 24 hours of acquisition of said heart rate data, said insulin delivery data, and said glucose data.
  - 51. The method of claim 41, wherein said indication of recommendation of insulin dosing occurs within about 12 hours of acquiring said heart rate data, said insulin said delivery data, and said glucose data.
  - 52. The method of claim 41, wherein said indication of recommendation of insulin dosing occurs within about 6 hours of acquiring said heart rate data, said insulin delivery data, and said glucose data.
  - 53. The method of claim 41, wherein said indication of recommendation of insulin dosing occurs at the completion of acquiring said heart rate data, said insulin delivery data, and said glucose data.
  - 54. The method of claim 41, wherein said indication of recommendation of insulin dosing occurs near contemporaneously to the latest acquisition of said heart rate data, said insulin delivery data, and said glucose data.
  - 55. The method of claim 41, wherein said indication of recommendation of insulin dosing occurs after the completion of acquiring said heart rate data, said insulin delivery data, and said glucose data.
  - 56. The method of claim 40, wherein said indication of recommendation of insulin dosing occurs in real time.
  - 57. The method of claim 40, wherein said evaluation comprising:
    - calculating deviations of heart rate values and blood glucose values from basal heart rate values and basal blood glucose values;
      
      calculating a quantitative measure of short-term change in glucose demand and insulin sensitivity due to said physical activity; and
      
      calculating a short term change in metabolic demand.
  - 58. The method of claim 57, wherein said short term effects correspond to within about 1 hour after physical activity.
  - 59. The method of claim 57, wherein said short term effects correspond to during and within about 15 minutes after physical activity.
  - 60. The method of claim 57, wherein said short term effects correspond to within about 2 hours after physical activity.
  - 61. The method of claim 57, wherein said quantitative measure of short-term change in glucose demand and insulin sensitivity is calculated as:
  - 62. The method of claim 40, wherein said recommendations of insulin dosing comprising one or more of the following:
    - calculating a quantitative measure of short-term changes in glucose demand and insulin sensitivity due to physical activity;
      
      reducing basal pump rate; and
      
      reducing insulin bolus.
  - 63. The method of claim 40, wherein said recommendations of insulin dosing comprising one or more of the following:
    - calculating quantitative measures of short-term changes in glucose demand and insulin sensitivity;
      
      adapting a closed loop insulin prescription;
      
      reducing basal pump rate; and
      
      reducing insulin bolus.
  - 64. The method of claim 63, wherein said adaptation of closed loop insulin prescription comprise of calculating:
  - 65. The method of claim 40, wherein said evaluation comprising:
    - calculating deviations of heart rate values and blood glucose values from basal heart rate values and basal blood glucose values;
      
      calculating a quantitative measure of long-term change in glucose demand and insulin sensitivity due to said physical activity; and
      
      calculating a long-term change in metabolic demand.
  - 66. The method of claim 65, wherein said long-term effects correspond to about at least 2 hours after physical activity.
  - 67. The method of claim 65, wherein said long-term effects correspond to within about 6 hours after physical activity.
  - 68. The method of claim 65, wherein said long-term effects correspond to within about 12 hours after physical activity.
  - 69. The method of claim 65, wherein said long-term effects correspond to within about 24 hours after physical activity.
  - 70. The method of claim 65, wherein said long-term effects correspond to about at least 24 hours after physical activity.
  - 71. The method of claim 65, wherein said quantitative measure of long term change in glucose demand and insulin action is calculated as:
  - 72. The method of claim 40, wherein said recommendations of insulin dosing comprising one or more of the following:
    - calculating a quantitative measure of long-term changes in glucose demand and insulin sensitivity due to physical activity;
      
      reducing basal pump rate; and
      
      reducing insulin bolus.
  - 73. The method of claim 40, wherein said recommendations of insulin dosing comprising one or more of the following:
    - calculating a quantitative measures of long-term changes in glucose demand and insulin sensitivity;
      
      adapting a closed loop insulin prescription;
      
      reducing basal pump rate; and
      
      reducing insulin bolus.
  - 74. The method of claim 73, wherein said adaptation of closed loop insulin prescription comprise of calculating:
  - 75. The method of claim 40, wherein said evaluation comprising:
    - calculating deviations of heart rate values and blood glucose values from basal heart rate values and basal blood glucose values;
      
      calculating a quantitative measure of short-term change in glucose demand and insulin sensitivity due to said physical activity;
      
      calculating a quantitative measure of long-term change in glucose demand and insulin sensitivity due to said physical activity; and
      
      calculating a change in metabolic demand.
  - 76. The method of claim 75, wherein said short term effects correspond to within about 1 hour after physical activity.
  - 77. The method of claim 75, wherein said short term effects correspond to during and within about 15 minutes after physical activity.
  - 78. The method of claim 75, wherein said short term effects correspond to within about 2 hours after physical activity.
  - 79. The method of claim 75, wherein said long-term effects correspond to about at least 2 hours after physical activity.
  - 80. The method of claim 75, wherein said long-term effects correspond to within about 6 hours after physical activity.
  - 81. The method of claim 75, wherein said long-term effects correspond to within about 12 hours after physical activity.
  - 82. The method of claim 75, wherein said long-term effects correspond to within about 24 hours after physical activity.
  - 83. The method of claim 75, wherein said long-term effects correspond to about at least 24 hours after physical activity.
  - 84. The method of claim 75, wherein said quantitative measure of short-term change and said quantitative measure of long-term change in glucose demand and insulin sensitivity is calculated as:
  - 85. The method of claim 40, wherein said recommendations of insulin dosing comprising one or more of the following:
    - calculating a quantitative measure of said long-term changes and said short-term changes in glucose demand and insulin sensitivity due to physical activity;
      
      reducing basal pump rate; and
      
      reducing insulin bolus.
  - 86. The method of claim 40, wherein said recommendations of insulin dosing comprising one or more of the following:
    - calculating a quantitative measures of short-term changes and long-term changes in glucose demand and insulin sensitivity;
      
      adapting a closed loop insulin prescription;
      
      reducing basal pump rate; and
      
      reducing insulin bolus.
  - 87. The method of claim 86, wherein said adaptation of closed loop insulin prescription comprise of calculating:
  - 116. The system of claim 23, wherein said quantitative measure of long term change in insulin action is calculated as:
  - 136. The system of claim 41, wherein said glucose data is acquired with a sampling period less than or equal to 15 minutes.

88. A system for detecting physical activity and its effects on metabolic demand, said system comprising:
- a processor programmed to detect onset of the physical activity using changes in heart rate data.
- View Dependent Claims (89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 100, 101, 102, 103, 104, 105, 106, 107, 108, 109, 110, 111, 112, 113, 114, 115, 117, 118, 119, 120, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127, 128, 129, 130, 131, 132, 133, 134, 135, 137, 138, 139, 140, 141, 142, 143, 144, 145, 146, 147, 148, 149, 150, 151, 152, 153, 154, 155, 156, 157, 158, 159, 160, 161, 162, 163, 164, 165, 166, 167, 168, 169, 170, 171, 172, 173, 174)
- - 89. The system of claim 88, further comprising:
    - an acquisition module acquiring heart rate data.
  - 90. The system of claim 89, wherein said detection of physical activity comprising:
    - transforming said heart rate data;
      
      computing an index to detect physical activity based on results of said transformation; and
      
      detecting physical activity using said index and said heart rate data.
  - 91. The system of claim 90, wherein said index is calculated as:
  - 92. The system of claim 89, wherein said detection of onset of physical activity occurs at the completion of acquiring said heart rate data.
  - 93. The system of claim 89, wherein said detection of onset of physical activity occurs near contemporaneously to the latest acquisition of said heart rate data.
  - 94. The system of claim 89, wherein said detection of onset of physical activity occurs after the completion of acquiring said heart rate data.
  - 95. The system of claim 89, wherein said detection of onset of physical activity occurs in real time.
  - 96. The system of claim 88, wherein the processor is programmed to further:
    - evaluate effects of physical activity on glucose demand.
  - 97. The system of claim 96, further comprising:
    - an acquisition module acquiring glucose data and an acquisition module acquiring heart rate data.
  - 98. The system of claim 97, wherein said detection of physical activity comprising:
    - transforming said heart rate data;
      
      computing an index to detect physical activity based on results of said transformation; and
      
      detecting physical activity using said index and said heart rate data.
  - 99. The system of claim 98, wherein said index is calculated as:
  - 100. The system of claim 97, wherein said heart rate data is acquired frequently.
  - 101. The system of claim 97, wherein said heart rate data is acquired with a sampling period less than or equal to about 1 minute.
  - 102. The system of claim 97, wherein said heart rate data is acquired with a sampling period less than or equal to about 10 minutes.
  - 103. The system of claim 97, wherein said glucose data is acquired frequently.
  - 104. The system of claim 97, wherein said glucose data is acquired with a sampling period less than or equal to about 15 minutes.
  - 105. The system of claim 96, wherein said evaluation comprising:
    - calculating deviations of heart rate values and blood glucose values from basal heart rate values and basal blood glucose values;
      
      calculating a quantitative measure of short-term change in glucose demand due to said physical activity; and
      
      calculating a short term change in metabolic demand.
  - 106. The system of claim 105, wherein said short term effects correspond to during and within about 15 minutes after physical activity.
  - 107. The system of claim 105, wherein said short term effects correspond to during and within about 1 hour after physical activity.
  - 108. The system of claim 105, wherein said short term effects correspond to during and within about 2 hour after physical activity.
  - 109. The system of claim 105, wherein said quantitative measure of short term change in glucose demand is calculated as:
  - 110. The system of claim 105, wherein said evaluation comprising:
    - calculating deviations of heart rate values and blood glucose values from basal heart rate values and basal blood glucose values;
      
      calculating a quantitative measure of long-term change in glucose demand due to said physical activity; and
      
      calculating a long term change in metabolic demand.
  - 111. The system of claim 110, wherein said long term effects correspond to at least about 2 hours after physical activity.
  - 112. The system of claim 110, wherein said long term effects correspond to during and within about 6 hours after physical activity.
  - 113. The system of claim 110, wherein said long term effects correspond to during and within about 12 hours after physical activity.
  - 114. The system of claim 110, wherein said long term effects correspond to during and within about 24 hours after physical activity.
  - 115. The system of claim 110, wherein said long term effects correspond to during and at least about 24 hours after physical activity.
  - 117. The system of claim 96, wherein said evaluation comprising:
    - calculating deviations of heart rate values and blood glucose values from basal heart rate values and basal blood glucose values;
      
      calculating a quantitative measure of short-term change in glucose demand due to said physical activity;
      
      calculating a quantitative measure of long-term change in glucose demand due to said physical activity; and
      
      calculating a change in metabolic demand.
  - 118. The system of claim 117, wherein said short term effects correspond to during and within about 15 minutes after physical activity.
  - 119. The system of claim 117, wherein said short term effects correspond to during and within about 1 hour after physical activity.
  - 120. The system of claim 117, wherein said short term effects correspond to during and within about 2 hour after physical activity.
  - 121. The system of claim 117, wherein said long-term effects correspond to at least about 2 hours after physical activity.
  - 122. The system of claim 117, wherein said long-term effects correspond to within about 6 hours after physical activity.
  - 123. The system of claim 117, wherein said long-term effects correspond to within about 12 hours after physical activity.
  - 124. The system of claim 117, wherein said long-term effects correspond to within about 24 hours after physical activity.
  - 125. The system of claim 117, wherein said long-term effects correspond to about at least 24 hours after physical activity.
  - 126. The system of claim 117, wherein said quantitative measure of short-term change and long-term change in glucose demand is calculated as:
  - 127. The system of claim 88, further comprising:
    - a processor programmed to;
      
      evaluate changes in insulin sensitivity and glucose demand due to the physical activity; and
      
      indicate recommendations of insulin dosing.
  - 128. The system of claim 127, further comprising:
    - an acquisition module acquiring glucose data, insulin delivery data and heart rate data.
  - 129. The system of claim 128, wherein said detection of physical activity comprising:
    - transforming said heart rate data;
      
      computing an index to detect physical activity based on results of said transformation; and
      
      detecting physical activity using said index and said heart rate data.
  - 130. The system of claim 129, wherein said index is calculated as:
  - 131. The system of claim 128, wherein said glucose data is continuous.
  - 132. The system of claim 128, wherein said heart rate data is acquired frequently.
  - 133. The system of claim 128, wherein said heart rate data is acquired with a sampling period less than or equal to 1 minute.
  - 134. The system of claim 128, wherein said heart rate data is acquired with a sampling period less than or equal to about 10 minutes.
  - 135. The system of claim 128, wherein said glucose data is acquired frequently.
  - 137. The system of claim 128, wherein said indication of recommendation of insulin dosing occurs about 24 hours of acquisition of said heart rate data, said insulin delivery data, and said glucose data.
  - 138. The system of claim 128, wherein said indication of recommendation of insulin dosing occurs within about 12 hours of acquiring said heart rate data, said insulin said delivery data, and said glucose data.
  - 139. The system of claim 128, wherein said indication of recommendation of insulin dosing occurs within about 6 hours of acquiring said heart rate data, said insulin delivery data, and said glucose data.
  - 140. The system of claim 128, wherein said indication of recommendation of insulin dosing occurs at the completion of acquiring said heart rate data, said insulin delivery data, and said glucose data.
  - 141. The system of claim 128, wherein said indication of recommendation of insulin dosing occurs near contemporaneously to the latest acquisition of said heart rate data, said insulin delivery data, and said glucose data.
  - 142. The system of claim 128, wherein said indication of recommendation of insulin dosing occurs after the completion of acquiring said heart rate data, said insulin delivery data, and said glucose data.
  - 143. The system of claim 127, wherein said indication of recommendation of insulin dosing occurs in real time.
  - 144. The system of claim 127, wherein said evaluation comprising:
    - calculating deviations of heart rate values and blood glucose values from basal heart rate values and basal blood glucose values;
      
      calculating a quantitative measure of short-term change in glucose demand and insulin sensitivity due to said physical activity; and
      
      calculating a short term change in metabolic demand.
  - 145. The system of claim 144, wherein said short term effects correspond to within about 1 hour after physical activity.
  - 146. The system of claim 144, wherein said short term effects correspond to during and within about 15 minutes after physical activity.
  - 147. The system of claim 144, wherein said short term effects correspond to within about 2 hours after physical activity.
  - 148. The system of claim 144, wherein said quantitative measure of short-term change in glucose demand and insulin sensitivity is calculated as:
  - 149. The system of claim 127, wherein said recommendations of insulin dosing comprising one or more of the following:
    - calculating a quantitative measure of short-term changes in glucose demand and insulin sensitivity due to physical activity;
      
      reducing basal pump rate; and
      
      reducing insulin bolus.
  - 150. The system of claim 127, wherein said recommendations of insulin dosing comprising one or more of the following:
    - calculating quantitative measures of short-term changes in glucose demand and insulin sensitivity; and
      
      adapting a closed loop insulin prescription for an insulin delivery system to;
      
      reduce basal pump rate andreduce insulin bolus.
  - 151. The system of claim 150, wherein said adaptation of closed loop insulin prescription comprise of calculating:
  - 152. The system of claim 127, wherein said evaluation comprising:
    - calculating deviations of heart rate values and blood glucose values from basal heart rate values and basal blood glucose values;
      
      calculating a quantitative measure of long-term change in glucose demand and insulin sensitivity due to said physical activity; and
      
      calculating a long-term change in metabolic demand.
  - 153. The system of claim 152, wherein said long-term effects correspond to about at least 2 hours after physical activity.
  - 154. The system of claim 152, wherein said long-term effects correspond to within about 6 hours after physical activity.
  - 155. The system of claim 152, wherein said long-term effects correspond to within about 12 hours after physical activity.
  - 156. The system of claim 152, wherein said long-term effects correspond to within about 24 hours after physical activity.
  - 157. The system of claim 152, wherein said long-term effects correspond to about at least 24 hours after physical activity.
  - 158. The system of claim 152, wherein said quantitative measure of long term change in glucose demand and insulin action is calculated as:
  - 159. The system of claim 127, wherein said recommendations of insulin dosing comprising one or more of the following:
    - calculating a quantitative measure of long-term changes in glucose demand and insulin sensitivity due to physical activity;
      
      reducing basal pump rate; and
      
      reducing insulin bolus.
  - 160. The system of claim 127, wherein said recommendations of insulin dosing comprising one or more of the following:
    - calculating a quantitative measures of long-term changes in glucose demand and insulin sensitivity; and
      
      adapting a closed loop insulin prescription for an insulin delivery system to;
      
      reduce basal pump rate andreduce insulin bolus.
  - 161. The system of claim 160, wherein said adaptation of closed loop insulin prescription comprise of calculating:
  - 162. The system of claim 127, wherein said evaluation comprising:
    - calculating deviations of heart rate values and blood glucose values from basal heart rate values and basal blood glucose values;
      
      calculating a quantitative measure of short-term change in glucose demand and insulin sensitivity due to said physical activity;
      
      calculating a quantitative measure of long-term change in glucose demand and insulin sensitivity due to said physical activity; and
      
      calculating a change in metabolic demand.
  - 163. The system of claim 162, wherein said short term effects correspond to within about 1 hour after physical activity.
  - 164. The system of claim 162, wherein said short term effects correspond to during and within about 15 minutes after physical activity.
  - 165. The system of claim 162, wherein said short term effects correspond to within about 2 hours after physical activity.
  - 166. The system of claim 162, wherein said long-term effects correspond to about at least 2 hours after physical activity.
  - 167. The system of claim 162, wherein said long-term effects correspond to within about 6 hours after physical activity.
  - 168. The system of claim 162, wherein said long-term effects correspond to within about 12 hours after physical activity.
  - 169. The system of claim 162, wherein said long-term effects correspond to within about 24 hours after physical activity.
  - 170. The system of claim 162, wherein said long-term effects correspond to about at least 24 hours after physical activity.
  - 171. The system of claim 162, wherein said quantitative measure of short-term change and said quantitative measure of long-term change in glucose demand and insulin sensitivity is calculated as:
  - 172. The system of claim 127, wherein said recommendations of insulin dosing comprising one or more of the following:
    - calculating a quantitative measure of said long-term changes and said short-term changes in glucose demand and insulin sensitivity due to physical activity;
      
      reducing basal pump rate; and
      
      reducing insulin bolus.
  - 173. The system of claim 127, wherein said recommendations of insulin dosing comprising one or more of the following:
    - calculating a quantitative measures of short-term changes and long-term changes in glucose demand and insulin sensitivity; and
      
      adapting a closed loop insulin prescription for an insulin delivery system to;
      
      reduce basal pump rate andreduce insulin bolus.
  - 174. The system of claim 173, wherein said adaptation of closed loop insulin prescription comprise of calculating:

175. A computer program product comprising a computer useable medium having computer program logic for enabling at least one processor in a computer system to detect physical activity and its effects on metabolic demand, said computer program logic comprising:
- detecting onset of the physical activity using changes in heart rate data.
- View Dependent Claims (176, 177, 178, 179, 180, 181, 182, 183, 184, 185, 186, 187, 188, 189, 190, 191, 192, 193, 194, 195, 196, 197, 198, 199, 200, 201, 202, 203, 204, 205, 206, 207, 208, 209, 210, 211, 212, 213, 214, 215, 216, 217, 218, 219, 220, 221, 222, 223, 224, 225, 226, 227, 228, 229, 230, 231, 232, 233, 234, 235, 236, 237, 238, 239, 240, 241, 242, 243, 244, 245, 246, 247, 248, 249, 250, 251, 252, 253, 254, 255, 256, 257, 258, 259, 260, 261)
- - 176. The computer program product of claim 175, further comprising:
    - acquiring heart rate data.
  - 177. The computer program product of claim 176, wherein said detection of physical activity comprising:
    - transforming said heart rate data;
      
      computing an index to detect physical activity based on results of said transformation; and
      
      detecting physical activity using said index and said heart rate data.
  - 178. The computer program product of claim 177, wherein said index is calculated as:
  - 179. The computer program product of claim 176, wherein said detection of onset of physical activity occurs at the completion of acquiring said heart rate data.
  - 180. The computer program product of claim 176, wherein said detection of onset of physical activity occurs near contemporaneously to the latest acquisition of said heart rate data.
  - 181. The computer program product of claim 176, wherein said detection of onset of physical activity occurs after the completion of acquiring said heart rate data.
  - 182. The computer program product of claim 176, wherein said detection of onset of physical activity occurs in real time.
  - 183. The computer program product of claim 175, further comprising:
    - evaluating effects of physical activity on glucose demand.
  - 184. The computer program product of claim 183, further comprising:
    - acquiring glucose data and heart rate data.
  - 185. The computer program product of claim 184, wherein said detection of physical activity comprising:
    - transforming said heart rate data;
      
      computing an index to detect physical activity based on results of said transformation; and
      
      detecting physical activity using said index and said heart rate data.
  - 186. The computer program product of claim 185, wherein said index is calculated as:
  - 187. The computer program product of claim 184, wherein said heart rate data is acquired frequently.
  - 188. The computer program product of claim 184, wherein said heart rate data is acquired with a sampling period less than or equal to about 1 minute.
  - 189. The computer program product of claim 184, wherein said heart rate data is acquired with a sampling period less than or equal to about 10 minutes.
  - 190. The computer program product of claim 184, wherein said glucose data is acquired frequently.
  - 191. The computer program product of claim 184, wherein said glucose data is acquired with a sampling period less than or equal to about 15 minutes.
  - 192. The computer program product of claim 183, wherein said evaluation comprising:
    - calculating deviations of heart rate values and blood glucose values from basal heart rate values and basal blood glucose values;
      
      calculating a quantitative measure of short-term change in glucose demand due to said physical activity; and
      
      calculating a short term change in metabolic demand.
  - 193. The computer program product of claim 192, wherein said short term effects correspond to during and within about 15 minutes after physical activity.
  - 194. The computer program product of claim 192, wherein said short term effects correspond to during and within about 1 hour after physical activity.
  - 195. The computer program product of claim 192, wherein said short term effects correspond to during and within about 2 hour after physical activity.
  - 196. The computer program product of claim 192, wherein said quantitative measure of short term change in glucose demand is calculated as:
  - 197. The computer program product of claim 183, wherein said evaluation comprising:
    - calculating deviations of heart rate values and blood glucose values from basal heart rate values and basal blood glucose values;
      
      calculating a quantitative measure of long-term change in glucose demand due to said physical activity; and
      
      calculating a long term change in metabolic demand.
  - 198. The computer program product of claim 197, wherein said long term effects correspond to at least about 2 hours after physical activity.
  - 199. The computer program product of claim 197, wherein said long term effects correspond to during and within about 6 hours after physical activity.
  - 200. The computer program product of claim 197, wherein said long term effects correspond to during and within about 12 hours after physical activity.
  - 201. The computer program product of claim 197, wherein said long term effects correspond to during and within about 24 hours after physical activity.
  - 202. The computer program product of claim 197, wherein said long term effects correspond to during and at least about 24 hours after physical activity.
  - 203. The computer program product of claim 197, wherein said quantitative measure of long term change in insulin action is calculated as:
  - 204. The computer program product of claim 183, wherein said evaluation comprising:
    - calculating deviations of heart rate values and blood glucose values from basal heart rate values and basal blood glucose values;
      
      calculating a quantitative measure of short-term change in glucose demand due to said physical activity;
      
      calculating a quantitative measure of long-term change in glucose demand due to said physical activity; and
      
      calculating a change in metabolic demand.
  - 205. The computer program product of claim 204, wherein said short term effects correspond to during and within about 15 minutes after physical activity.
  - 206. The computer program product of claim 204, wherein said short term effects correspond to during and within about 1 hour after physical activity.
  - 207. The computer program product of claim 204, wherein said short term effects correspond to during and within about 2 hour after physical activity.
  - 208. The computer program product of claim 204, wherein said long-term effects correspond to at least about 2 hours after physical activity.
  - 209. The computer program product of claim 204, wherein said long-term effects correspond to within about 6 hours after physical activity.
  - 210. The computer program product of claim 204, wherein said long-term effects correspond to within about 12 hours after physical activity.
  - 211. The computer program product of claim 204, wherein said long-term effects correspond to within about 24 hours after physical activity.
  - 212. The computer program product of claim 204, wherein said long-term effects correspond to about at least 24 hours after physical activity.
  - 213. The computer program product of claim 204, wherein said quantitative measure of short-term change and long-term change in glucose demand is calculated as:
  - 214. The computer program product of claim 175, further comprising:
    - evaluating changes in insulin sensitivity and glucose demand due to the physical activity; and
      
      indicating recommendations of insulin dosing.
  - 215. The computer program product of claim 214, further comprising:
    - acquiring glucose data, insulin delivery data and heart rate data.
  - 216. The computer program product of claim 215, wherein said detection of physical activity comprising:
    - transforming said heart rate data;
      
      computing an index to detect physical activity based on results of said transformation; and
      
      detecting physical activity using said index and said heart rate data.
  - 217. The computer program product of claim 216, wherein said index is calculated as:
  - 218. The computer program product of claim 215, wherein said glucose data is continuous.
  - 219. The computer program product of claim 215, wherein said heart rate data is acquired frequently.
  - 220. The computer program product of claim 215, wherein said heart rate data is acquired with a sampling period less than or equal to 1 minute.
  - 221. The computer program product of claim 215, wherein said heart rate data is acquired with a sampling period less than or equal to about 10 minutes.
  - 222. The computer program product of claim 215, wherein said glucose data is acquired frequently.
  - 223. The computer program product of claim 215, wherein said glucose data is acquired with a sampling period less than or equal to 15 minutes.
  - 224. The computer program product of claim 215, wherein said indication of recommendation of insulin dosing occurs about 24 hours of acquisition of said heart rate data, said insulin delivery data, and said glucose data.
  - 225. The computer program product of claim 215, wherein said indication of recommendation of insulin dosing occurs within about 12 hours of acquiring said heart rate data, said insulin said delivery data, and said glucose data.
  - 226. The computer program product of claim 215, wherein said indication of recommendation of insulin dosing occurs within about 6 hours of acquiring said heart rate data, said insulin delivery data, and said glucose data.
  - 227. The computer program product of claim 215, wherein said indication of recommendation of insulin dosing occurs at the completion of acquiring said heart rate data, said insulin delivery data, and said glucose data.
  - 228. The computer program product of claim 215, wherein said indication of recommendation of insulin dosing occurs near contemporaneously to the latest acquisition of said heart rate data, said insulin delivery data, and said glucose data.
  - 229. The computer program product of claim 215, wherein said indication of recommendation of insulin dosing occurs after the completion of acquiring said heart rate data, said insulin delivery data, and said glucose data.
  - 230. The computer program product of claim 214, wherein said indication of recommendation of insulin dosing occurs in real time.
  - 231. The computer program product of claim 214, wherein said evaluation comprising:
    - calculating deviations of heart rate values and blood glucose values from basal heart rate values and basal blood glucose values;
      
      calculating a quantitative measure of short-term change in glucose demand and insulin sensitivity due to said physical activity; and
      
      calculating a short term change in metabolic demand.
  - 232. The computer program product of claim 231, wherein said short term effects correspond to within about 1 hour after physical activity.
  - 233. The computer program product of claim 231, wherein said short term effects correspond to during and within about 15 minutes after physical activity.
  - 234. The computer program product of claim 231, wherein said short term effects correspond to within about 2 hours after physical activity.
  - 235. The computer program product of claim 231, wherein said quantitative measure of short-term change in glucose demand and insulin sensitivity is calculated as:
  - 236. The computer program product of claim 214, wherein said recommendations of insulin dosing comprising one or more of the following:
    - calculating a quantitative measure of short-term changes in glucose demand and insulin sensitivity due to physical activity;
      
      reducing basal pump rate; and
      
      reducing insulin bolus.
  - 237. The computer program product of claim 214, wherein said recommendations of insulin dosing comprising one or more of the following:
    - calculating quantitative measures of short-term changes in glucose demand and insulin sensitivity;
      
      adapting a closed loop insulin prescription;
      
      reducing basal pump rate; and
      
      reducing insulin bolus.
  - 238. The computer program product of claim 237, wherein said adaptation of closed loop insulin prescription comprise of calculating:
  - 239. The computer program product of claim 214, wherein said evaluation comprising:
    - calculating deviations of heart rate values and blood glucose values from basal heart rate values and basal blood glucose values;
      
      calculating a quantitative measure of long-term change in glucose demand and insulin sensitivity due to said physical activity; and
      
      calculating a long-term change in metabolic demand.
  - 240. The computer program product of claim 239, wherein said long-term effects correspond to about at least 2 hours after physical activity.
  - 241. The computer program product of claim 239, wherein said long-term effects correspond to within about 6 hours after physical activity.
  - 242. The computer program product of claim 239, wherein said long-term effects correspond to within about 12 hours after physical activity.
  - 243. The computer program product of claim 239, wherein said long-term effects correspond to within about 24 hours after physical activity.
  - 244. The computer program product of claim 239, wherein said long-term effects correspond to about at least 24 hours after physical activity.
  - 245. The computer program product of claim 239, wherein said quantitative measure of long term change in glucose demand and insulin action is calculated as:
  - 246. The computer program product of claim 214, wherein said recommendations of insulin dosing comprising one or more of the following:
    - calculating a quantitative measure of long-term changes in glucose demand and insulin sensitivity due to physical activity;
      
      reducing basal pump rate; and
      
      reducing insulin bolus.
  - 247. The computer program product of claim 214, wherein said recommendations of insulin dosing comprising one or more of the following:
    - calculating a quantitative measures of long-term changes in glucose demand and insulin sensitivity;
      
      adapting a closed loop insulin prescription;
      
      reducing basal pump rate; and
      
      reducing insulin bolus.
  - 248. The computer program product of claim 247, wherein said adaptation of closed loop insulin prescription comprise of calculating:
  - 249. The computer program product of claim 214, wherein said evaluation comprising:
    - calculating deviations of heart rate values and blood glucose values from basal heart rate values and basal blood glucose values;
      
      calculating a quantitative measure of short-term change in glucose demand and insulin sensitivity due to said physical activity;
      
      calculating a quantitative measure of long-term change in glucose demand and insulin sensitivity due to said physical activity; and
      
      calculating a change in metabolic demand.
  - 250. The computer program product of claim 249, wherein said short term effects correspond to within about 1 hour after physical activity.
  - 251. The computer program product of claim 249, wherein said short term effects correspond to during and within about 15 minutes after physical activity.
  - 252. The computer program product of claim 249, wherein said short term effects correspond to within about 2 hours after physical activity.
  - 253. The computer program product of claim 249, wherein said long-term effects correspond to about at least 2 hours after physical activity.
  - 254. The computer program product of claim 249, wherein said long-term effects correspond to within about 6 hours after physical activity.
  - 255. The computer program product of claim 249, wherein said long-term effects correspond to within about 12 hours after physical activity.
  - 256. The computer program product of claim 249, wherein said long-term effects correspond to within about 24 hours after physical activity.
  - 257. The computer program product of claim 249, wherein said long-term effects correspond to about at least 24 hours after physical activity.
  - 258. The computer program product of claim 249, wherein said quantitative measure of short-term change and said quantitative measure of long-term change in glucose demand and insulin sensitivity is calculated as:
  - 259. The computer program product of claim 214, wherein said recommendations of insulin dosing comprising one or more of the following:
    - calculating a quantitative measure of said long-term changes and said short-term changes in glucose demand and insulin sensitivity due to physical activity;
      
      reducing basal pump rate; and
      
      reducing insulin bolus.
  - 260. The computer program product of claim 214, wherein said recommendations of insulin dosing comprising one or more of the following:
    - calculating a quantitative measures of short-term changes and long-term changes in glucose demand and insulin sensitivity;
      
      adapting a closed loop insulin prescription;
      
      reducing basal pump rate; and
      
      reducing insulin bolus.
  - 261. The computer program product of claim 260, wherein said adaptation of closed loop insulin prescription comprise of calculating:

Specification

Resources

Litigation Campaign Assessment

Current Assignee
University of Virginia Patent Foundation (University of Virginia)
Original Assignee
University of Virginia Patent Foundation (University of Virginia)
Inventors
Kovatchev, Boris P., Breton, Marc D.

Granted Patent

US 8,585,593 B2
Time in Patent Office

Days
Field of Search
US Class Current

604/504
CPC Class Codes

A61B 5/024   Detecting, measuring or rec...

A61B 5/14532   for measuring glucose, e.g....

A61B 5/222   combined with detection or ...

A61B 5/4839   combined with drug delivery

A61B 5/4866   Evaluating metabolism A61B5...

G16H 20/17   delivered via infusion or i...

G16H 40/67   for remote operation

G16H 50/50   for simulation or modelling...

Method, System, and Computer Program Product for the Detection of Physical Activity by Changes in Heart Rate, Assessment of Fast Changing Metabolic States, and Applications of Closed and Open Control Loop in Diabetes

First Claim

3 Assignments

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Abstract

78 Citations

261 Claims

Specification

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Method, System, and Computer Program Product for the Detection of Physical Activity by Changes in Heart Rate, Assessment of Fast Changing Metabolic States, and Applications of Closed and Open Control Loop in Diabetes

First Claim

3 Assignments

Subscription Required

Subscription Required

0 Petitions

Subscription Required

Accused Products

Subscription Required

Abstract

78 Citations

261 Claims

Specification

Subscription Required

Solutions

Use Cases

Quick Links