Functional Fluid

• US 20100144565A1
• Filed: 12/13/2007
• Published: 06/10/2010
• Est. Priority Date: 12/18/2006
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: The Lubrizol Corporation (Berkshire Hathaway Incorporated)
• Original Assignee: The Lubrizol Corporation (Berkshire Hathaway Incorporated)
• Inventors: Ikeda, Masahiko, Abraham, William D., Tipton, Craig D., Hurley, Susie, Sumiejski, James L.
• Granted Patent: US 8,450,255 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 508/151
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 163/00 Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of a compound of unknown or incompletely defined constitution and a non-macromolecular compound, each of these compounds being essential
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2201/085 Phosphorus oxides, acids or salts
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2207/262 derived from hydroxy substituted aromatic acids, e.g. salicylates
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2209/084 Acrylate; Methacrylate
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/042 containing hydroxy groups; Alkoxylated derivatives thereof
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/064 Di- and triaryl amines
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/065 Phenyl-Naphthyl amines
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/082 containing hydroxyl groups; Alkoxylated derivatives
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/086 Imides
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/223 Five-membered rings containing nitrogen and carbon only
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/28 Amides; Imides
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2217/024 containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to an amido or imido group
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2219/044 Sulfonic acids, Derivatives thereof, e.g. neutral salts
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2219/046 Overbasedsulfonic acid salts
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2219/082 containing sulfur atoms bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2219/106 Thiadiazoles
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2223/049 Phosphite
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2030/06 Oiliness; Film-strength; Anti-wear; Resistance to extreme pressure
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2040/042 for automatic transmissions
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2040/045 for continuous variable transmission [CVT]
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2040/046 : for traction drives
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2060/10 : by sulfur or a compound containing sulfur
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2060/14 : by boron or a compound containing boron

Abstract

The disclosed invention relates to a functional fluid comprising: at least one oil of lubricating viscosity; at least one detergent, the detergent contributing an amount of metal to the functional fluid equal to a concentration in the range from about 0.015 to about 1% by weight of the functional fluid, the detergent contributing an amount of basicity to the functional fluid equal to a total base number in the range from about 0.3 to about 2; and at least one friction modifier, the friction modifier comprising at least two hydrocarbyl groups attached to a polar group or atom (eg., a nitrogen atom).

Claims

1. A functional fluid comprising:

at least one oil of lubricating viscosity;

at least one detergent, the detergent contributing an amount of metal to the functional fluid equal to a concentration in the range from about 0.015 to about 1% by weight of the functional fluid, the detergent contributing an amount of basicity to the functional fluid equal to a total base number in the range from about 0.3 to about 2; and

at least one friction modifier, the friction modifier comprising at least two hydrocarbyl groups attached to a polar group or atom, the friction modifier being (a) the reaction product of at least one carboxylic acid or equivalent with at least one aminoalcohol, (c) an amide or thioamide represented by the formula

R¹R²N—

C(X)R³

wherein X is 0 or S, R¹ and R² are each independently hydrocarbyl groups, and R³ is a hydroxyalkyl group or a group formed by the condensation of the hydroxyalkyl group, through a hydroxyl group thereof, with an acylating agent, (d) at least one tertiary amine containing two hydrocarbyl groups and a polyhydroxyl-containing alkyl group or a polyhydroxyl-containing alkoxyalkyl group, or (e) a mixture of two or more of (a), (c) and (d) or a mixture of one or more of (a), (c) and (d) with (b) the reaction product of at least one carboxylic acid or equivalent with at least one polyamine.

2. The functional fluid of claim 1 wherein the oil of lubricating viscosity comprises at least one natural oil, at least one synthetic oil, or a mixture of two or more thereof.

3. The functional fluid of claim 1 wherein the detergent comprises at least one neutral or overbased salt of at least one alkali and/or alkaline earth metal.

4. The functional fluid of claim 3 wherein the salt comprises one or more sulfonates, carboxylates, phenates, salicylates, or a mixture of two or more thereof.

5. The functional fluid of claim 1 wherein the polar group or atom comprises a nitrogen atom and the two hydrocarbyl groups contain a total of at least about 8 carbon atoms.

6. The functional fluid of claim 1 wherein the friction modifier comprises the condensation product of isostearic acid with trishydroxymethylamino methane.

7. The functional fluid of claim 1 wherein the friction modifier comprises the condensation product of a hydroxy acid with dicocoalkylamine.

8. The functional fluid of claim 1 wherein the friction modifier comprises the reaction product 3-chloropropane-1,2-diol with dicocoalkylamine.

9. The functional fluid of claim 1 wherein the functional fluid further comprises at least one carboxylic dispersant, amine dispersant, Mannich dispersant, post-treated dispersant or a mixture of two of more thereof.

10. The functional fluid of claim 1 wherein the functional fluid further comprises one or more viscosity modifiers and/or dispersant viscosity modifiers.

11. The functional fluid of claim 1 wherein the functional fluid further comprises at least one supplemental friction modifier, the supplemental friction modifier comprising one or more (i) fatty phosphites, (ii) fatty acid amides, (iii) fatty epoxides, (iv) borated fatty epoxides, (v) fatty amines, (vi) glycerol esters, (vii) borated glycerol esters, (viii) alkoxylated fatty amines, (ix) borated alkoxylated fatty amines, (x) metal salts of fatty acids, (xi) sulfurized olefins, (xii) fatty imidazolines, (xiii) condensation products of carboxylic acids and polyalkylene-polyamines, (xiv) metal salts of alkyl salicylates, (xv) amine salts of alkylphosphoric acids, or a mixture of two or more thereof.

12. The functional fluid of claim 1 wherein the functional fluid further comprises one or more of phosphorus acids, phosphorus acid salts, phosphorus acid esters, derivatives of one or more thereof, or a mixture of two or more thereof.

13. The functional fluid of claim 1 wherein the functional fluid further comprises at least one dispersant, viscosity modifier, dispersant viscosity modifier, friction stabilizing agent, phosphorus adjustment agent, antiwear agent, supplemental friction modifier, antioxidant, corrosion inhibitor, seal swell agent, pour point depressant, dye, fluidizing agent, odor masking agent, foam inhibitor and/or diluent oil.

14. The functional fluid of claim 1 wherein said detergent comprises at least one overbased calcium sulfonate and wherein said functional fluid is an automatic transmission fluid.

16. The functional fluid of claim 1 wherein the detergent contributes an amount of basicity to the functional fluid equal to a total base number in the range from about 0.4 to about 1.

15. A concentrate for use in making a functional fluid, the concentrate comprising:

at least one oil of lubricating viscosity;

at least one detergent, the detergent being present in the concentrate at a concentration sufficient to contribute an amount of metal to the functional fluid equal to a concentration in the range from about 0.015 to about 1% by weight of the functional fluid, the detergent being present in the concentrate at a concentration sufficient to contribute an amount of basicity to the functional fluid equal to a total base number in the range from about 0.3 to about 2; and

at least one friction modifier, the friction modifier comprising at least two hydrocarbyl groups attached to a polar group or atom, the friction modifier being (a) the reaction product of at least one carboxylic acid or equivalent with at least one aminoalcohol, (c) an amide or thioamide represented by the formula

R¹R²N—

C(X)R³

wherein X is 0 or S, R¹ and R² are each independently hydrocarbyl groups, and R³ is a hydroxyalkyl group or a group formed by the condensation of the hydroxyalkyl group, through a hydroxyl group thereof, with an acylating agent, (d) at least one tertiary amine containing two hydrocarbyl groups and a polyhydroxyl-containing alkyl group or a polyhydroxyl-containing alkoxyalkyl group, or (e) a mixture of two or more of (a), (c) and (d) or a mixture of one or more of (a), (c) and (d) with (b) the reaction product of at least one carboxylic acid or equivalent with at least one polyamine.

17. A functional fluid comprising:

at least one oil of lubricating viscosity;

at least one detergent, the detergent contributing an amount of metal to the functional fluid equal to a concentration in the range from about 0.015 to about 1% by weight of the functional fluid, the detergent contributing an amount of basicity to the functional fluid equal to a total base number in the range from about 0.4 to about 1; and

at least one friction modifier, the friction modifier comprising at least two hydrocarbyl groups attached to a polar group or atom, the friction modifier being (a) the reaction product of at least one carboxylic acid or equivalent with at least one aminoalcohol, (b) the reaction product of at least one carboxylic acid or equivalent with at least one polyamine, (c) an amide or thioamide represented by the formula

R¹R²N—

C(X)R³

wherein X is 0 or S, R¹ and R² are each independently hydrocarbyl groups, and R³ is a hydroxyalkyl group or a group formed by the condensation of the hydroxyalkyl group, through a hydroxyl group thereof, with an acylating agent, (d) at least one tertiary amine containing two hydrocarbyl groups and a polyhydroxyl-containing alkyl group or a polyhydroxyl-containing alkoxyalkyl group, or (e) a mixture of two or more of (a), (b), (c) and (d).