OPTIMISED ENERGY STORAGE DEVICE

• US 20100175934A1
• Filed: 03/20/2008
• Published: 07/15/2010
• Est. Priority Date: 03/20/2007
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Commonwealth Scientific & Industrial Research Organisation (Commonwealth Of Australia As Represented By Department Of Industry, Innovation, Climate Change, Science, Research And Tertiary Education), Furukawa Battery Company Limited (Furukawa Electric Company Limited)
• Original Assignee: Commonwealth Scientific & Industrial Research Organisation (Commonwealth Of Australia As Represented By Department Of Industry, Innovation, Climate Change, Science, Research And Tertiary Education), Furukawa Battery Company Limited (Furukawa Electric Company Limited)
• Inventors: Furukawa, Jun, Lam, Lan Trieu, Takada, Toshimichi, Kanou, Tetsuya, Monma, Daisuke
• Granted Patent: US 9,666,860 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 180/65.210
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/06 Lead-acid accumulators semi-lead accumulators H01M10/20
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/121 Valve regulated lead acid batteries [VRLA]
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 2004/021 Physical characteristics, e.g. porosity, surface area
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/14 Electrodes for lead-acid accumulators
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/621 Binders
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/625 Carbon or graphite
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/627 Expanders for lead-acid accumulators
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/10 Energy storage using batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02P 70/50 Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

Abstract

A lead-acid battery comprising:—at least one negative electrode comprising lead-based battery electrode material and at least one region of capacitor material overlying the lead-based battery electrode material, each electrode being in electrical connection to an outer terminal of the battery, and—at least one positive lead-dioxide based battery electrode, each positive electrode being in electrical connection to a second outer terminal of the battery,—separator interleaving the facing electrodes;—electrolyte filling at least the space of the electrodes and separators wherein the capacitor material overlying the lead-based battery electrode material comprises 20-65% by weight of a high electrical conductivity carbonaceous material, 30-70% of a high specific surface area carbonaceous material, at least 0.1% lead and binder.

Claims

1. A lead-acid battery comprising:

at least one negative electrode comprising lead-based battery electrode material and at least one region of capacitor material overlying the lead-based battery electrode material, each electrode being in electrical connection to an outer terminal of the battery, and

at least one positive lead-dioxide based battery electrode, each positive electrode being in electrical connection to a second outer terminal of the battery,

separator interleaving the facing electrodes

electrolyte filling at least the space of the electrodes and separators

wherein the capacitor material overlying the lead-based battery electrode material comprises 20-65% by weight of a high electrical conductivity carbonaceous material, 30-70% of a high specific surface area carbonaceous material, at least 0.1% lead and binder.

2. The lead-acid battery of claim 1, wherein the binder is present in an amount of between 1 and 30% by weight.

3. The lead-acid battery of claim 1, wherein the capacitor material further comprises fibre reinforcement material in an amount of from 0 to 10% by weight.

4. The lead-acid battery of claim 1, wherein the capacitor material consists of 21-65% high electrical conductivity carbonaceous material, 35-65% high specific surface area carbonaceous material, 3-40% lead, 5-20% binder and 2-10% fiber reinforcement material.

5. The lead-acid battery of claim 1, wherein the capacitor material of each negative electrode constitutes between 1 and 15% by weight of the negative battery electrode material.

6. The lead-acid battery of claim 1, wherein a layer of capacitor material overlies all surface areas of the negative battery electrode material that face a positive electrode.

7. The lead-acid battery of claim 1, wherein the negative electrodes each comprise a current collector, which is coated on both faces with lead-based battery electrode material, and a layer of capacitor material overlying each face of lead-based battery electrode material that is opposite to a positive electrode.

8. The lead-acid battery of claim 1, wherein the capacitor material overlying the lead-based battery electrode material has a porosity of between 50-90%.

9. The lead-acid battery of claim 1, wherein the electrolyte is composed of sulfuric acid aqueous solution containing 0.01-0.3 mol/L of aluminum or 5-50 g/L of Al₂(SO₄)₃.18H₂O.

10. The lead-acid battery of claim 1, wherein the positive electrode comprises a positive current collector, formed from a lead alloy comprising 0.005-0.015% by weight Ba, 0.03-0.08% by weight Ca, 0.4-2.2% by weight Sn, and lead.

11. The lead-acid battery of claim 10, wherein lead constitutes the balance of the alloy material.

12. The lead-acid battery of claim 1, which is a valve regulated lead acid battery.

13. The lead-acid battery of claim 12, further comprising absorptive glass microfibre or absorbed glass mat separators between adjacent electrodes.

14. The lead-acid battery of claim 12, wherein the battery has a pressure on the electrodes of between 20 and 100 kPa.

15. The lead-acid battery of claim 12, which is operable at between 95-50% SoC.

16. The lead-acid battery of claim 1, which is a flooded electrolyte lead-acid battery.

17. The lead-acid battery of claim 16, wherein the battery has a pressure on the electrodes of between 5 and 45 kPa.

18. The lead-acid battery of claim 16, further comprising porous polymer separators between adjacent positive and negative electrodes.

19. The lead-acid battery of claim 18, wherein the porous polymer separators further comprise unwoven fibrous material reinforcement.

20. The lead-acid battery of claim 16, which is operable at between 98-80% SoC.

21. An automobile comprising a lead-acid battery of claim 16, an internal combustion engine and an alternator.