Customized Dental Prosthesis for Periodontal or Osseointegration and Related Systems and Methods

• US 20100203478A1
• Filed: 04/19/2010
• Published: 08/12/2010
• Est. Priority Date: 10/16/2006
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Natural Dental Implants AG
• Original Assignee: Natural Dental Implants AG
• Inventors: Rubbert, Ruedger
• Granted Patent: US 8,602,780 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 433/212.100
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 6/51 for dentistry
• CPC Class Codes: A61C 1/0046 Dental lasers surgical lasers A61B18/20; working by laser beam in general B23K26/00; lasers per se H01S3/00
• CPC Class Codes: A61C 13/0006 Production methods
• CPC Class Codes: A61C 13/0013 using stereolithographic techniques
• CPC Class Codes: A61C 13/0019 using three dimensional printing
• CPC Class Codes: A61C 13/082 Cosmetic aspects, e.g. inlays; Determination of the colour A61C19/10 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61C 5/30 Securing inlays, onlays or crowns
• CPC Class Codes: A61C 8/0006 Periodontal tissue or bone regeneration support means for endoprosthetic bone substitute or bone graft implants A61F2/2846
• CPC Class Codes: A61C 8/0012 characterised by the material or composition, e.g. ceramics, surface layer, metal alloy use of specific materials A61K6/00
• CPC Class Codes: A61C 8/0013 with a surface layer, coating
• CPC Class Codes: A61C 8/0018 characterised by the shape
• CPC Class Codes: A61C 8/0036 Tooth replica
• CPC Class Codes: A61C 8/0043 having more than one root
• CPC Class Codes: A61C 8/006 with polygonal positional means, e.g. hexagonal or octagonal
• CPC Class Codes: A61C 8/0075 Implant heads specially designed for receiving an upper structure if separable from the implant A61C8/005
• CPC Class Codes: A61C 8/0089 Implanting tools or instruments
• CPC Class Codes: A61C 9/0046 Data acquisition means or methods
• CPC Class Codes: A61C 9/0053 Optical means or methods, e.g. scanning the teeth by a laser or light beam
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 6/818 comprising zirconium oxide
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 6/844 Noble metals
• CPC Class Codes: A61L 2430/12 : for dental implants or prostheses
• CPC Class Codes: A61L 27/36 : containing ingredients of undetermined constitution or reaction products thereof , e.g. transplant tissue, natural bone, extracellular matrix isolated natural compounds, e.g. collagen A61L27/24
• CPC Class Codes: A61L 27/3804 : characterised by specific cells or progenitors thereof, e.g. fibroblasts, connective tissue cells, kidney cells
• CPC Class Codes: A61L 27/3865 : Dental/periodontal tissues
• CPC Class Codes: B33Y 80/00 : Products made by additive manufacturing
• CPC Class Codes: G16H 20/40 : relating to mechanical, radiation or invasive therapies, e.g. surgery, laser therapy, dialysis or acupuncture
• CPC Class Codes: Y02P 90/02 : Total factory control, e.g. smart factories, flexible manufacturing systems [FMS] or integrated manufacturing systems [IMS]

Abstract

Dental prosthesis, systems, and methods of forming and using a dental prosthesis, are provided. An example of a dental prosthesis includes a first manufactured portion shaped to substantially conform to the three-dimensional surface of a root of a tooth to be replaced and a second manufactured portion shaped to substantially conform to the three-dimensional surface of a crown of the tooth. Furthermore, customized manufactured splints to position and fixate a tooth-shaped prosthesis, are provided. Furthermore, a CAD/CAM based methods of and a systems for manufacturing a customized dental prosthesis are provided. The tooth can be scanned to determine its three-dimensional shape and substantially copied using an imaging system in-vitro like a 3D scanner or in-vivo like a cone beam CT system and CNC machinery. Biocompatible material that is suitable to be integrated into the extraction socket and adopted by existing tissue forming the socket can be manufactured or engineered.

Claims

1. A method of manufacturing a dental prosthesis for implantation into a jaw bone cavity of a pre-identified patient, the method comprising the steps of:

receiving imaging data describing a three-dimensional shape of an outer surface portion of a root portion of a nonfunctional natural tooth of a pre-identified patient,

deriving digital design data defining a three-dimensional shape of an outer surface of a root portion of a tooth prosthesis responsive to the received imaging data, the three-dimensional shape of the outer surface of the root portion of the tooth prosthesis dimensionally matching a three-dimensional shape of a corresponding outer surface portion of the natural tooth of the pre-identified patient; and

manufacturing the root portion of the tooth prosthesis at least partially responsive to the digital design data to form at least a substantial portion of the root portion of the tooth prosthesis, the three-dimensional shape of the at least a substantial portion of the outer surface portion of the root portion of the tooth prosthesis substantially dimensionally matching the three-dimensional shape of the corresponding outer surface portion of the root portion of the nonfunctional natural tooth described by the imaging data.

2. A method as defined in claim 1, wherein the step of manufacturing the root portion of the tooth prosthesis comprises the step of:

applying a layer of biocompatible material to an outer surface portion of a main body portion of the root portion of the tooth prosthesis, the step of applying being performed prior to insertion of the root portion of the tooth prosthesis into a jaw bone cavity of the pre-identified patient; and

wherein the biocompatible material comprises one or more of the following;

engineered tissue comprising one or more of the following;

non-autologous tissue-engineered material and autologous tissue-engineered material,

cells of a tooth comprising one or more of the following;

ancestral cells, animal cells, and human cells,

a matrix protein derivative, and

a cement material comprising one or more of the following;

a layer of between approximately 0.05 mm and 0.2 mm of a resin-modified glass ionomer cement, a glass ionomer cement comprising a calcium-alumina-silicate glass powder and an aqueous solution of an acrylic acid homo- or co-polymer, a layer of mineral trioxide aggregate, a layer of cement, a light-activated resin-modified glass ionomer cement, and a calcium hydroxide cement.

3. A method as defined in claim 1, wherein the step of manufacturing the root portion of the tooth prosthesis comprises the step of:

applying a layer of biocompatible material comprising engineered tissue to an outer surface portion of a main body portion of the root portion of the tooth prosthesis, the step of applying being performed prior to insertion of the root portion of the tooth prosthesis into a jaw bone cavity of the pre-identified patient.

4. A method as defined in claim 3, wherein the engineered tissue comprises non-autologous tissue-engineered material.

5. A method as defined in claim 3, wherein the engineered tissue comprises autologous tissue-engineered material.

6. A method as defined in claim 1, wherein the step of manufacturing the root portion of the tooth prosthesis comprises the step of:

surface conditioning the root portion of the tooth prosthesis to include applying engineered tissue to an outer surface portion of the root portion of the tooth prosthesis.

7. A method as defined in claim 6, further comprising the steps of:

receiving autologous tissue samples of the pre-identified patient; and

developing the engineered tissue from the autologous tissue samples of the pre-identified patient.

8. A method as defined in claim 1, wherein the step of manufacturing the root portion of the tooth prosthesis comprises the step of:

applying a layer of biocompatible material comprising cells of a tooth to an outer surface portion of a main body portion of the root portion of the tooth prosthesis, the step of applying being performed prior to insertion of the root portion of the tooth prosthesis into a jaw bone cavity of the pre-identified patient.

9. A method as defined in claim 8, wherein the cells of a tooth comprise one or more of the following ancestral cells and human cells originated from the pre-identified patient.

10. A method as defined in claim 1, wherein the step of manufacturing the root portion of the tooth prosthesis comprises the step of:

applying a layer of biocompatible material comprising a matrix protein derivative to an outer surface portion of a main body portion of the root portion of the tooth prosthesis, the step of applying being performed prior to insertion of the root portion of the tooth prosthesis into a jaw bone cavity of the pre-identified patient.

11. A method as defined in claim 1, wherein the step of manufacturing the root portion of the tooth prosthesis comprises the step of:

applying a layer of biocompatible material comprising a cement material to an outer surface portion of a main body portion of the root portion of the tooth prosthesis, the step of applying being performed prior to insertion of the root portion of the tooth prosthesis into a jaw bone cavity of the pre-identified patient.

12. A method as defined in claim 11, wherein the cement material comprises one or more of the following:

a layer of between approximately 0.05 mm and 0.2 mm of a resin-modified glass ionomer cement;

a glass ionomer cement comprising a calcium-alumino-silicate glass powder and an aqueous solution of an acrylic acid homo- or co-polymer;

a layer of mineral trioxide aggregate;

a layer of cement;

a light-activated resin-modified glass ionomer cement; and

a calcium hydroxide cement.

13. A method as defined in claim 1, wherein the step of manufacturing the root portion of the tooth prosthesis comprises the step of:

applying a layer of biocompatible material to an outer surface portion of a main body portion of the root portion of the tooth prosthesis, the step of applying being performed prior to insertion of the root portion of the tooth prosthesis into a jaw bone cavity of the pre-identified patient; and

wherein the biocompatible material comprises one or more of the following;

a drug release coating; and

an antibiotic pharmaceutical.

14. A method as defined in claim 1, wherein the step of manufacturing the root portion of the tooth prosthesis comprises the step of:

applying a layer of biocompatible material to an outer surface portion of a main body portion of the root portion of the tooth prosthesis, the step of applying being performed prior to insertion of the root portion of the tooth prosthesis into a jaw bone cavity of the pre-identified patient; and

wherein the biocompatible material comprises one or more of the following;

a growth protein; and

a matrix protein derivative.

15. A method as defined in claim 1, wherein the outer surface portion of the root portion of the tooth prosthesis that corresponds to an entire embedding jaw bone cavity surface associated with the nonfunctional natural tooth of the pre-identified patient is sized so that the three-dimensional shape thereof does not exceed dimensionally a natural pre-insertion three-dimensional shape of the embedding jaw bone cavity surface when the tooth prosthesis is clinically positioned therein.

16. A method as defined in claim 1, wherein the outer surface portion of the root portion of the tooth prosthesis is sized so that the three-dimensional shape thereof does not exceed dimensionally a natural three-dimensional shape of the outer surface of the root portion of the nonfunctional tooth that corresponds to an embedding outer surface of the jawbone cavity.

17. A method as defined in claim 1,

wherein the step of deriving digital design data comprises the steps of:

converting at least a portion of the imaging data into a computer-aided design (CAD) format defining a converted three-dimensional shape data, and

forming a virtual three-dimensional model of the at least a substantial portion of the root portion of the nonfunctional natural tooth of the pre-identified patient responsive to the converted three dimensional shape data; and

wherein the step of manufacturing the root portion of the tooth prosthesis comprises employing a CNC-based rapid prototyping apparatus, the root portion representing at least a substantial portion of the virtual three-dimensional model.

18. A method as defined in claim 1,

wherein the step of deriving digital design data comprises the steps of:

converting at least a portion of the imaging data into a computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) format defining a converted three-dimensional shape data, and

forming a virtual three-dimensional model of the at least a substantial portion of the root portion of the nonfunctional natural tooth of the pre-identified patient responsive to the converted three dimensional shape data; and

wherein the step of manufacturing the root portion of the tooth prosthesis comprises employing a CNC-based rapid prototyping apparatus, the root body portion representing at least a substantial portion of the virtual three-dimensional model.

19. A method as defined in claim 1, wherein the step of manufacturing the root portion of the tooth prosthesis comprises the step of:

employing a rapid prototyping process performed by a computer numerical control (CNC) based rapid prototyping apparatus to form the at least a substantial portion of the root portion of the tooth prosthesis.

20. A method as defined in claim 19, wherein the rapid prototyping process comprises the CNC based rapid prototyping apparatus performing the step of:

depositing material to form the at least a substantial portion of the root portion of the tooth prosthesis layer by layer in a plurality of layers, each layer having an edge in accordance with the digital design data, the layers being stacked to thereby form a solid object shaped to conform to a three-dimensional surface defined by the digital design data.

21. A method as defined in claim 19, wherein the rapid prototyping process comprises the step of:

selectively hardening material to form the at least a substantial portion of the root portion of the tooth prosthesis layer by layer in a plurality of layers, each layer having an edge in accordance with the digital design data, the layers being stacked to thereby form a solid object shaped to conform to a three-dimensional surface defined by the digital design data.

22. A method as defined in claim 19, wherein the rapid prototyping process comprises performing the step of:

selectively combining granular material to form the at least a substantial portion of the root portion of the tooth prosthesis layer by layer in a plurality of layers, each layer having an edge in accordance with the digital design data, the layers being stacked to thereby form a solid object shaped to conform to a three-dimensional surface defined by the digital design data.

23. A method as defined in claim 1, wherein the step of manufacturing the root portion of the tooth prosthesis comprises:

manufacturing the at least a substantial portion of the root portion and a permanent crown portion of the tooth prosthesis together in layers of material by a rapid prototyping process to form a substantially unitary structure.

24. A method as defined in claim 1, wherein the step of manufacturing the root portion of the tooth prosthesis comprises:

shaping the at least a substantial portion of the root portion and a permanent crown portion of the tooth prosthesis from a single block of the body material to form a substantially unitary structure.

25. A method as defined in claim 1,

wherein the tooth prosthesis includes a custom crown portion as an integral part of the tooth prosthesis prior to integrating the tooth prosthesis into an embedding portion of a jawbone cavity of the pre-identified patient;

and

wherein the method further comprises the step of manufacturing a custom-shaped dental splint to provide temporary primary stability to the tooth prosthesis in a final geometrical relation to the embedding portion of the jawbone cavity of the pre-identified patient, to include the steps of;

receiving imaging data describing a three-dimensional shape and position of an outer surface portion of a crown portion of at least one adjacent tooth immediately adjacent the jawbone cavity of the pre-identified patient and geometrical relation thereto,

deriving digital data defining a custom-shaped splint design of a splint, the splint having an elongate tooth-surface contoured body including a tooth-facing outer surface, a non-tooth-facing outer surface opposite the tooth-facing surface, and an outer perimeter surface extending therebetween, the tooth-facing outer surface including a first three-dimensional shape portion dimensioned to substantially match to a three-dimensional shape of a corresponding substantial surface portion of the crown portion of the tooth prosthesis and a second three-dimensional shape portion dimensioned to substantially match to a three-dimensional shape of a corresponding substantial surface portion of the crown portion of the at least one adjacent tooth, the first and the second three-dimensional shape portions having a geometrical relationship configured so that when the first three-dimensional shape portion is affixed to the substantial surface portion of the crown portion of the tooth prosthesis and when the second three-dimensional shape portion is affixed to the substantial surface portion of the crown portion of the at least one adjacent tooth, the first three-dimensional shape portion provides temporary primary stability to the tooth prosthesis, maintaining the tooth prosthesis in a final geometrical relation to the embedding portion of the jawbone cavity, the substantial surface portion of the crown portion of the tooth prosthesis and the substantial surface portion of the at least one adjacent tooth each including one of the following;

a facial surface portion and a lingual surface portion, and

manufacturing the custom-shaped splint at least partially responsive to the derived digital data defining the custom-shaped splint design to form at least a substantial portion of the splint.

26. A method as defined in claim 25,

wherein the step of manufacturing the custom-shaped dental splint includes deriving numerical control data from the splint design;

wherein a first portion of the numerical control data includes a description of an outer surface portion of the crown portion of the tooth prosthesis corresponding to an outer surface portion of the crown portion of the non-functional natural tooth of the pre-identified patient;

wherein a second portion of the numerical control data includes a description of an outer surface portion of the crown portion of the at least one adjacent functional tooth of the pre-identified patient; and

wherein a third portion of the numerical control data includes the description of the final geometrical relation between at least a portion of the crown portion of the tooth prosthesis and at least a portion of the at least one adjacent functional tooth of the pre-identified patient.

27. A method as defined in claim 25, further comprising the step of:

receiving imaging data describing a three-dimensional shape and position of outer surface portions of a crown portion of at least one opponent tooth immediately adjacent the jawbone cavity of the pre-identified patient in geometrical relation thereto; and

wherein the splint is shaped to not interfere with the occlusal contact between the crown portion of the at least opponent tooth with the crown portion of the at least one adjacent tooth and the crown portion of the tooth prosthesis.

28. A method of manufacturing a dental prosthesis for implantation into a jaw bone cavity of a pre-identified patient, the dental prosthesis to replace at least a nonfunctional tooth of the pre-identified patient, the method comprising the steps of:

receiving first imaging data describing a three-dimensional shape of an outer surface portion of a root portion of the nonfunctional natural tooth prior to extraction of the nonfunctional tooth;

receiving second imaging data describing a three-dimensional shape of an outer surface portion of a crown portion of the nonfunctional natural tooth prior to extraction of the nonfunctional tooth;

deriving digital prosthesis design data defining a three-dimensional shape of an outer surface of the root portion of the dental prosthesis and an outer surface of the crown portion of the dental prosthesis responsive to the first imaging data and responsive to the second imaging data;

deriving digital crown design data defining a three-dimensional shape of an outer surface of a virtual model of a crown portion of the dental prosthesis responsive to one or more of the following data;

the digital prosthesis design data and the second imaging data, the three-dimensional shape of the outer surface of the virtual model of the crown portion of the dental prosthesis dimensionally matching a three-dimensional shape of a corresponding outer surface portion of the nonfunctional natural tooth;

deriving digital joint design data defining a three-dimensional shape of a portion of a surface of the virtual model of the crown portion of the dental prosthesis connecting the root portion of the dental prosthesis to the crown portion of the dental prosthesis responsive to the digital prosthesis design data; and

manufacturing the crown portion of the dental prosthesis at least partially responsive to the digital crown design data and at least partially responsive to the digital joint design data to form at least a substantial portion of the crown portion of the dental prosthesis, a three-dimensional shape of at least a substantial portion of the outer surface of the crown portion of the dental prosthesis substantially matching dimensionally the three-dimensional shape of a corresponding outer surface portion of the crown portion of the nonfunctional natural tooth described by the second imaging data, and the three-dimensional shape of at least a substantial portion of the surface of the crown portion of the dental prosthesis connecting to the root portion of the dental prosthesis substantially matching dimensionally to the three-dimensional shape of the surface of the crown portion of the dental prosthesis connecting to the root portion of the dental prosthesis.

29. A method as defined in claim 28, wherein the step of manufacturing of the crown portion of the dental prosthesis includes applying a translucent ceramic layer to outer surface portions of the crown portion.

30. A method of manufacturing a dental prosthesis for implantation into a jaw bone cavity of a pre-identified patient, the method comprising the steps of:

receiving imaging data describing a three-dimensional shape of an outer surface portion of a root portion of a nonfunctional natural tooth of a pre-identified patient,

deriving digital design data defining a three-dimensional shape of an outer surface of a root portion of a tooth prosthesis responsive to the received imaging data, the three-dimensional shape of the outer surface of the root portion of the tooth prosthesis dimensionally matching a corresponding three-dimensional shape of a corresponding outer surface portion of the natural tooth of the pre-identified patient; and

manufacturing the root portion of the tooth prosthesis at least partially responsive to the digital design data to form at least a substantial portion of the root portion of the tooth prosthesis, the three-dimensional shape of the at least a substantial portion of the manufactured root portion of the tooth prosthesis substantially dimensionally matching the three-dimensional shape of the corresponding outer surface portion of the root portion of the nonfunctional natural tooth described by the imaging data to an extent that the three-dimensional shape of the at least a substantial portion of the manufactured root portion of the tooth prosthesis does not exceed dimensionally a natural pre-insertion three-dimensional shape of the root portion of the nonfunctional natural tooth of the pre-identified patient described by the imaging data.

31. A method as defined in claim 30, wherein the three-dimensional shape of the at least a substantial portion of the root portion of the tooth prosthesis is undersized approximately 0.2 to 0.3 mm with respect to the jaw bone cavity.

32. A method of manufacturing a dental prosthesis for implantation into a jaw bone cavity of a pre-identified patient, the method comprising the steps of:

receiving imaging data describing a three-dimensional shape of an outer surface portion of a root portion of a nonfunctional natural tooth of a pre-identified patient;

deriving digital design data defining a three-dimensional shape of an outer surface of the root portion of a virtual tooth prosthesis responsive to the received imaging data, the three-dimensional shape of the outer surface of the root portion of the virtual tooth prosthesis dimensionally matching a corresponding three-dimensional shape of a corresponding outer surface portion of the natural tooth of the pre-identified patient;

manufacturing the root portion of the tooth prosthesis at least partially responsive to the digital data to form the at least a substantial portion of the root portion of the tooth prosthesis; and

manufacturing tissue engineered means for surface conditioning the outer surface of the root portion of the tooth prosthesis by employing tissue engineering processes, the tissue engineered means to be applied to one or more of the following;

the surface of the root portion of the tooth prosthesis and the jaw bone cavity of the pre-identified patient.

33. A method as defined in claim 32, wherein the tissue engineered means include non-autologous tissue-engineered material.

34. A method as defined in claim 32, wherein the tissue engineered means include autologous tissue-engineered material.

35. A method as defined in claim 32, further comprising the steps of:

receiving autologous tissue samples of the pre-identified patient; and

manufacturing the tissue engineered means from the autologous tissue samples of the pre-identified patient.

36. A method as defined in claim 32, wherein the three-dimensional shape of the at least a substantial portion of the manufactured root portion of the tooth prosthesis substantially dimensionally match the three-dimensional shape of a corresponding outer surface portion of the root portion of the nonfunctional natural tooth of the pre-identified patient described by the imaging data.

37. A method of manufacturing a dental prosthesis for implantation into a jaw bone cavity of a pre-identified patient, the method comprising the steps of:

receiving imaging data describing a three-dimensional shape of an outer surface portion of a root portion of a nonfunctional natural tooth of a pre-identified patient, a three-dimensional shape of an outer surface portion of a crown portion of the nonfunctional natural tooth of the pre-identified patient, and a three-dimensional shape and position of an outer surface portion of a crown portion of at least one adjacent tooth immediately adjacent the jawbone cavity of the pre-identified patient and geometrical relation thereto;

deriving digital data defining a three-dimensional shape of an outer surface of the root portion of a tooth prosthesis responsive to the received imaging data, the three-dimensional shape of the outer surface of the root portion of the tooth prosthesis dimensionally matching a corresponding three-dimensional shape of a corresponding outer surface portion of the natural tooth of the pre-identified patient;

manufacturing the tooth prosthesis at least partially responsive to the digital data to form at least a substantial portion of the root portion of the tooth prosthesis;

deriving digital design data defining a custom-shaped splint design, the splint design having an elongate tooth-surface contoured body including a tooth-facing outer surface, a non-tooth-facing outer surface opposite the tooth-facing surface, and an outer perimeter surface extending therebetween, the tooth-facing outer surface including a first three-dimensional shape portion dimensioned to substantially match to a three-dimensional shape of a corresponding substantial surface portion of the crown portion of the tooth prosthesis and a second three-dimensional shape portion dimensioned to substantially match to a three-dimensional shape of a corresponding substantial surface portion of the crown portion of the at least one adjacent tooth, the first and the second three-dimensional shape portions having a geometrical relationship so that when the first three-dimensional shape portion is affixed to the substantial surface portion of the crown portion of the tooth prosthesis and when the second three-dimensional shape portion is affixed to the substantial surface portion of the crown portion of the at least one adjacent tooth, the first three-dimensional shape portion provides temporary primary stability to the tooth prosthesis, maintaining the tooth prosthesis in a final geometrical relation to an embedding portion of the jawbone cavity, the substantial surface portion of the at least one adjacent tooth each including one of the following;

a facial surface portion and a lingual surface portion, and

manufacturing the custom-shaped splint at least partially responsive to the derived digital design data defining the custom-shaped splint to form at least a substantial portion of the splint.

38. A method as defined in claim 37, further comprising the step of:

receiving imaging data describing a three-dimensional shape and position of an outer surface portion of a crown portion of at least one opponent tooth immediately adjacent the jawbone cavity of the pre-identified patient and geometrical relation thereto; and

wherein the splint is shaped to not interfere with the occlusal contact between the crown portion of the at least opponent tooth and the crown portion of the at least one adjacent tooth and the crown portion of the of the tooth prosthesis.

39. A method as defined in claim 37,

wherein the three-dimensional shape of the at least a substantial portion of the manufactured root portion of the tooth prosthesis substantially dimensionally matches the three-dimensional shape of a corresponding outer surface portion of the root portion of the nonfunctional natural tooth of the pre-identified patient described by the imaging data;

and

wherein the three-dimensional shape of the at least a substantial portion of a crown portion of the tooth prosthesis substantially dimensionally matches the three-dimensional shape of a corresponding outer surface portion of the crown portion of the nonfunctional natural tooth of the pre-identified patient described by the imaging data.

40. A method of manufacturing a dental prosthesis for implantation into a jaw bone cavity of a pre-identified patient, the method comprising the steps of:

receiving autologous tissue samples of the pre-identified patient;

developing tissue engineered means for surface conditioning an outer surface of the root portion of the tooth prosthesis from the autologous tissue samples of the pre-identified patient; and

providing the tissue engineered means for surface conditioning an outer surface of the root portion of the tooth prosthesis to be clinically applied thereto.