WIRELESS POWER SYSTEM AND PROXIMITY EFFECTS

• US 20100237706A1
• Filed: 02/19/2010
• Published: 09/23/2010
• Est. Priority Date: 07/12/2005
• Status: Abandoned Application

• Current Assignee: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
• Original Assignee: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
• Inventors: Karalis, Aristeidis, Soljacic, Marin, Moffatt, Robert, Kurs, Andre B., Joannopoulos, John D., Fisher, Peter H.
• Application Number:
  US12/708,850
• Publication Number:
  US 20100237706A1
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 307/104
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2210/20 AC to AC converters
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/126 Methods for pairing a vehicle and a charging station, e.g. establishing a one-to-one relation between a wireless power transmitter and a wireless power receiver
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 7/00 Loop antennas with a substantially uniform current distribution around the loop and having a directional radiation pattern in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the loop
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 9/04 Resonant antennas
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/12 of the resonant type
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/80 involving the exchange of data, concerning supply or distribution of electric power, between transmitting devices and receiving devices
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/90 involving detection or optimisation of position, e.g. alignment
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 5/79 for data transfer in combination with power transfer
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/7072 Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/72 Electric energy management in electromobility
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/12 Electric charging stations
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/14 Plug-in electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 29/4902 Electromagnet, transformer or inductor

Abstract

Described herein are embodiments of a wireless power transmission system which includes a wireless source high-Q resonator and power supply, said power supply generating signals at a first frequency, and said high-Q resonator having an inductor formed by a wire, a capacitive part, and said inductive part and capacitive part being resonant with said first frequency, and said resonator having at least one component that renders it resistant to anything other than large metallic structures in its vicinity.

Claims

1. A system comprising:

a wireless power transmission system which includes a wireless source high-Q resonator and power supply, said power supply generating signals at a first frequency, and said high-Q resonator having an inductor formed by a wire, a capacitive part, and said inductive part and capacitive part being resonant with said first frequency, and said resonator having at least one component that renders it resistant to anything other than large metallic structures in its vicinity.

2. A system as in claim 1, further comprising a tuning part, tuning at least one component in said high-Q resonator to match said power supply frequency.

3. A system as in claim 2, wherein said tuning part tunes to correct a detuning caused by variations in part values.

4. A system as in claim 1, wherein said capacitive part has a Q value greater than 1000.

5. A system as in claim 2, wherein said tuning part is a tunable capacitor.

6. A system as in claim 1, wherein said inductive part is a wire loop.

7. A system as in claim 6, further comprising at least one electronic component within the area of the wire loop.

8. A system as in claim 1, further comprising a receiver.

9. A system as in claim 8, wherein a high-Q resonator for said receiver and said high-Q resonator for said source are close enough to be within the near-field of one another, and are coaxial to each other.

10. A system as in claim 8, wherein a high-Q resonator for said receiver and said high-Q resonator for said source are close enough to be within the near-field of one another, and are side-by-side.

11. A method comprising:

inducing power via a power supply into a first high-Q resonator formed by an inductive loop and a capacitor, where the inductive loop and capacitor form a resonant circuit that is resonant with a frequency of the power supply; and

placing a receiver high-Q resonator within a near-field of said first resonator, where said receiver resonator is formed of an inductive loop and a capacitor, tuned to the same resonant frequency of said first resonator, and wherein said inductive loop of said receiver resonator is located substantially coaxially with the inductive loop of the first resonator.

12. A method as in claim 11, further comprising tuning at least one part in said receiver to match with said first high-Q resonator.

13. A method as in claim 12, wherein said tuning part tunes to correct a detuning caused by variations in part values.

14. A method as in claim 12, wherein said capacitive parts in said first resonator and said receiver resonator have a Q value greater than 1000.

15. A method as in claim 12, further comprising using a tunable capacitor.

16. A method as in claim 12, wherein said inductive part of said receiver resonator is a wire loop.

17. A method as in claim 16, further comprising at least one electronic component within the area of the wire loop.

18. A system comprising:

a wireless power receiver system which includes a high-Q resonator and wireless receiver, said wireless receiver receiving at a first frequency, and said high-Q resonator having an inductor formed by a wire, a capacitive part, and said inductive part and capacitive part being resonant at said first frequency, and said resonator having at least one component that renders it resistant to anything other than large metallic structures in its vicinity.

19. A system as in claim 18, further comprising a tuning part, tuning at least one part in said resonator to match with said wireless receiver frequency.

20. A system as in claim 19, wherein said tuning part tunes to correct a detuning caused by variations in part values.

21. A system as in claim 18, wherein said capacitive part has a Q value greater than 1000.

22. A system as in claim 19, wherein said tuning part is a tunable capacitor.

23. A system as in claim 18, wherein said inductive part is a wire loop.

24. A system as in claim 23, further comprising at least one electronic component within the area of the wire loop.

25. A system as in claim 18, further comprising a source resonator.

26. A system as in claim 25, wherein said high-Q resonator for said power source and said high-Q resonator for said receiver are close enough to be within the near-field of one another, and are coaxial to each other.

27. A system as in claim 25, wherein said high-Q resonator for said power source and said high-Q resonator for said receiver are close enough to be within the near-field of one another, and are side-by-side.

28. A mobile system, comprising:

a mobile device;

a wireless power receiver system which includes a high-Q resonator placed around a perimeter of the mobile device, and a wireless receiver, said wireless receiver receiving at a first frequency, and said resonator having an inductor formed by a wire around the perimeter, a capacitive part, and said inductive part and capacitive part being resonant at said first frequency.

29. A system as in claim 28, wherein said high-Q source resonator includes at least one component that renders it resistant to anything other than large metallic structures in its vicinity.

30. A system as in claim 28, further comprising a tuning part, tuning at least one part in said resonator to match with said wireless receiver frequency.

31. A system as in claim 28, wherein said capacitive part is a separate capacitor.

32. A system as in claim 28, wherein said capacitive part is a self-capacitance of said wire.

33. A system comprising:

a wireless power transmission system which includes a wireless source high-Q resonator and power supply, said power supply generating signals at a first frequency, and said high-Q resonator having an inductor formed by a wire, a capacitive part, and said inductive part and capacitive part being resonant with said first frequency, and said resonator having at least one component so that the influence of extraneous objects on the resonator is nearly absent.

34. A system as in claim 33, further comprising a tuning part, tuning at least one component in said high-Q resonator to match said power supply frequency.

35. A system as in claim 34, wherein said tuning part tunes to correct a detuning caused by variations in part values.

36. A system as in claim 33, wherein said capacitive part has a Q value greater than 1000.

37. A system as in claim 34, wherein said tuning part is a tunable capacitor.

38. A system as in claim 33, wherein said inductive part is a wire loop.

39. A system as in claim 38, further comprising at least one electronic component within the area of the wire loop.

40. A system as in claim 33, further comprising a receiver.

41. A system as in claim 40, wherein a high-Q resonator for said receiver and said high-Q resonator for said source are close enough to be within the near-field of one another, and are coaxial to each other.

42. A system as in claim 40, wherein a high-Q resonator for said receiver and said high-Q resonator for said source are close enough to be within the near-field of one another, and are side-by-side.

43. A method comprising:

inducing power via a power supply into a first high-Q resonator formed by an inductive loop and a capacitor, where the inductive loop and capacitor form a resonant circuit that is resonant with a frequency of the power supply; and

placing a receiver high-Q resonator within a near-field of said first resonator, where said receiver resonator is formed of an inductive loop and a capacitor, tuned to the same resonant frequency of said first resonator, and wherein said inductive loop of said receiver resonator is located substantially side-by-side with the inductive loop of the first resonator.

44. A method as in claim 43, further comprising tuning at least one part in said receiver to match with said first high-Q resonator.

45. A method as in claim 44, wherein said tuning part tunes to correct a detuning caused by variations in part values.

46. A method as in claim 44, wherein said capacitive parts is said first resonator and said receiver resonator have a Q value greater than 1000.

47. A method as in claim 44, further comprising using a tunable capacitor.

48. A method as in claim 44, wherein said inductive part of said receiver resonator is a wire loop.

49. A method as in claim 48, further comprising at least one electronic component within the area of the wire loop.

50. A system comprising:

a wireless power receiver system which includes a high-Q resonator and wireless receiver, said wireless receiver receiving at a first frequency, and said high-Q resonator having an inductor formed by a wire, a capacitive part, and said inductive part and capacitive part being resonant at said first frequency, and said resonator having at least one component so that the influence of extraneous objects on the resonator is nearly absent.

51. A system as in claim 50, further comprising a tuning part, tuning at least one part in said resonator to match with said wireless receiver frequency.

52. A system as in claim 51, wherein said tuning part tunes to correct a detuning caused by variations in part values.

53. A system as in claim 50, wherein said capacitive part has a Q value greater than 1000.

54. A system as in claim 51, wherein said tuning part is a tunable capacitor.

55. A system as in claim 52, wherein said inductive part is a wire loop.

56. A system as in claim 55, further comprising at least one electronic component within the area of the wire loop.

57. A system as in claim 50, further comprising a high-Q source resonator.

58. A system as in claim 57, wherein said high-Q resonator for said power source and said high-Q resonator for said receiver are close enough to be within the near-field of one another, and are coaxial to each other.

59. A system as in claim 57, wherein said high-Q resonator for said power source and said high-Q resonator for said receiver are close enough to be within the near-field of one another, and are side-by-side.

60. A mobile system, comprising:

a mobile device;

a wireless power receiver system which includes a high-Q resonator with dimensions that do not exceed those of the mobile device, and a wireless receiver, said wireless receiver receiving at a first frequency, and said resonator having an inductor formed by a wire, a capacitive part, and said inductive part and capacitive part being resonant at said first frequency.

61. A system as in claim 60, wherein said high-Q source resonator includes at least one component that renders it resistant to anything other than large metallic structures in its vicinity.

62. A system as in claim 60, further comprising a tuning part, tuning at least one part in said resonator to match with said wireless receiver frequency.

63. A system as in claim 60, wherein said capacitive part is a separate capacitor.

64. A system as in claim 60, wherein said capacitive part is a self-capacitance of said wire.