CATHODE MATERIALS FOR SECONDARY (RECHARGEABLE) LITHIUM BATTERIES

• US 20110006270A1
• Filed: 09/08/2010
• Published: 01/13/2011
• Est. Priority Date: 04/23/1996
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Hydro-Quebec (Province of Québec)
• Original Assignee: Hydro-Quebec (Province of Québec)
• Inventors: Nanjundaswamy, Kirakodu S., Goodenough, John B., Padhi, Akshaya K., Masquelier, Christian, Armand, Michel
• Granted Patent: US 7,964,308 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 252/518.1
• CPC Class Codes: C01B 25/45 containing plural metal, or metal and ammonium
• CPC Class Codes: G02F 1/155 Electrodes
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/052 Li-accumulators
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/0525 Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 2004/028 Positive electrodes
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 2300/0068 inorganic
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/049 Manufacturing of an active layer by chemical means
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/136 Electrodes based on inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/1397 of electrodes based on inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/485 of mixed oxides or hydroxides for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiTi2O4 or LiTi2OxFy H01M4/505, H01M4/525 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/505 of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/525 of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/5825 Oxygenated metallic salts or polyanionic structures, e.g. borates, phosphates, silicates, olivines
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/583 Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/622 being polymers
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/625 Carbon or graphite
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/10 Energy storage using batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 29/49108 Electric battery cell making

Abstract

The invention relates to materials for use as electrodes in an alkali-ion secondary (rechargeable) battery, particularly a lithium-ion battery. The invention provides transition-metal compounds having the ordered-olivine, a modified olivine, or the rhombohedral NASICON structure and the polyanion (PO₄)³⁻ as at least one constituent for use as electrode material for alkali-ion rechargeable batteries.

Claims

1-61. -61. (canceled)

62. A synthesized cathode material usable in a rechargeable electrochemical cell comprising one or more compounds, at least one compound with an olivine structure comprising the general formula LiMPO₄, where M is one or more first-row transition-metals.

63. The cathode material of claim 62, where M comprises Fe.

64. The cathode material of claim 62, where M comprises Mn.

65. The cathode material of claim 62, wherein the cathode material further comprises a second compound.

66. The cathode material of claim 62, where M comprises a combination of cations of the same element.

67. The cathode material of claim 62, where M is a combination of first row transition-metals selected from the group consisting of Mn, Fe and Ti and where Fe₁₋

xMn_x or Fe<sub>1−

x</sub>Ti_x and 0<

x<

1.

68. The cathode material of claim 67, wherein the compound comprises the formula LiFe₁₋

xMn_xPO₄ and 0<

x<

1.

69. The cathode material of claim 62, wherein the cathode material further comprises a conductive additive.

70. A rechargeable electrochemical cell comprising a cathode comprising one or more compounds, at least one compound with an olivine structure compound comprising the general formula LiMPO₄, where M is one or more first-row transition-metals.

71. The rechargeable electrochemical cell of claim 70, where M comprises Fe.

72. The rechargeable electrochemical cell of claim 70, where M comprises Mn.

73. The rechargeable electrochemical cell of claim 70, where M comprises a combination of cations of the same element.

74. The rechargeable electrochemical cell of claim 70, wherein the cathode further comprises a second compound.

75. The rechargeable electrochemical cell of claim 70, where M is a combination of first row transition-metals selected from the group consisting of Mn, Fe and Ti and where Fe₁₋

xMn_x or Fe<sub>1−

x</sub>Ti_x and 0<

x<

1.

76. The rechargeable electrochemical cell of claim 75, wherein the compound comprises the formula LiFe₁₋

xMn_xPO₄ and 0<

x<

1.

77. The rechargeable electrochemical cell of claim 70, wherein the cathode further comprises a conductive additive.

78. The rechargeable electrochemical cell of claim 70, wherein the cathode further comprises a polymeric binder.