MULTI-TIER POLLING

• US 20110134936A1
• Filed: 06/30/2010
• Published: 06/09/2011
• Est. Priority Date: 12/04/2009
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Cable Television Laboratories Incorporated
• Original Assignee: Cable Television Laboratories Incorporated
• Inventors: Campos, L. Alberto, Andreoli-Fang, Jennifer
• Granted Patent: US 8,385,313 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 370/449
• CPC Class Codes: H04J 3/1647 Subrate or multislot multiplexing
• CPC Class Codes: H04J 3/1694 Allocation of channels in TDM/TDMA networks, e.g. distributed multiplexers Passive Optical Networks H04Q11/0062
• CPC Class Codes: H04J 4/00 Combined time-division and frequency-division multiplex systems H04J13/00 takes precedence ; data transmission H04L5/26; telemetry G08C15/00
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 12/2801 Broadband local area networks
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 47/765 triggered by the end-points

Abstract

A polling arrangement where polling frequency and/or rates may be adjusted according to activities of end stations or other elements being polled. The ability to adjust the polling activities may be used to facilitate reducing or otherwise controlling network resources allocated to the supporting the polling or other messaging depending operations.

Claims

1. A multi-tier method of dynamically adjusting polling frequencies at which end stations are transmitted a polling message, the end stations desiring to transmit data being required to respond to the polling message with a transmission request, the method comprising:

monitoring data transmission activities of the plurality of end stations;

individually characterizing each end station to be one of active and inactive based on the transmission activities;

setting an inactive polling frequency for a first plurality of end stations characterized as being inactive;

setting an active polling frequency for a second plurality of end stations characterized as being active, the active polling frequency being greater than the inactive polling frequency.

2. The method of claim 1 further comprising individually characterizing the plurality of end stations to be active and inactive depending an elapse time since each end station last transmitted the transmission request, the active characterization corresponding with the elapse time being less than a time threshold and the inactive characterization corresponding with the elapse time being equal to or greater than the time threshold.

3. The method of claim 2 further comprising:

determining network congestion; and

setting the time threshold at a first threshold when the network congestion is at a first level and at a second threshold when the network congestion is at a second level, the second threshold being greater than the first threshold.

4. The method of claim 2 further comprising:

determining application requirements for each end station to be one of frequent data transfer and less frequent data transfer; and

setting the time threshold individually for each end station to be one of a first threshold and a second threshold depending on the application requirements of each end station, the first threshold being set when the application requirements require frequent data transfer and the second threshold being set when the application requirements require less frequent data transfer, the second threshold being greater than the first threshold.

5. The method of claim 2 further comprising:

determining service requirements for each end station to be one of business service and residential service; and

setting the time threshold individually for each end station to be one of a first threshold and a second threshold depending on the service requirements of each end station, the first threshold being set when the service requirements are for business service and the second threshold being set when the service requirements are for residential service, the second threshold being greater than the first threshold.

6. The method of claim 2 further comprising:

determining percent utilization of a network used to transfer data from the end stations to be one of a first level and a second level; and

setting the time threshold individually to be one of a first threshold and a second threshold depending on the percent utilization, the first threshold being set when the percent utilization is at the first level and the second threshold being set when the percent utilization is at the second level, the second threshold being greater than the first threshold.

7. The method of claim 1 further comprising:

determining a percent utilization of a network used to transfer data from the end stations;

selecting the active polling frequency to be one of a first frequency when the percent utilization is less than a percent utilization threshold and a second frequency when the percent utilization is equal to or greater than the percent utilization threshold, the first frequency being greater than the second frequency.

8. The method of claim 1 further comprising:

determining a percent utilization of a network used to transfer data from the end stations;

selecting the inactive polling frequency to be one of a first frequency when the percent utilization is less than a percent utilization threshold and a second frequency when the percent utilization is equal to or greater than the percent utilization threshold, the first frequency being greater than the second frequency.

9. The method of claim 1 further comprising:

determining application requirements for each of the second plurality of end station to be one of frequent data transfer and less frequent data transfer; and

selecting the active polling frequency individually for each of the second plurality of end station to be one of a first frequency when the application requirement is frequent data transfer and a second frequency when the application requirement is less frequent data transfer, the second frequency being less than the first frequency.

10. The method of claim 1 further comprising monitoring the data transmission activities with an aggregating unit that transmits the polling messages to the plurality of end stations.

11. The method of claim 1 further comprising:

determining a class of service for each of the second plurality of end stations to be to one of higher class and lower class; and

setting the active polling frequency for a first portion of the second plurality of end stations having the higher class of service to be a first frequency and a second portion of the second plurality of end stations having the lower class of server to be a second frequency, the second frequency being greater than the first frequency.

12. The method of claim 1 further comprising:

characterizing a third plurality of the end stations to be moderately active; and

setting an moderately-active polling frequency for a third plurality of end stations characterized as being moderately-active, the moderately-active polling frequency being greater than the inactive polling frequency and less than the active polling frequency.

15. The method of claim 11 further comprising determining the first number and the second number of minislots in proportion to a usage percentage of the transmission channel such that a total number of minislots, defined as the sum of the first number and the second number, increases when the usage percentage decreases and decreases when the usage percentage increases.

16. The method of claim 11 further comprising:

setting an inactive polling frequency for the first plurality of end stations; and

setting an active polling frequency for the second plurality of end stations, the active polling frequency being greater than the inactive polling frequency.

17. The method of claim 11 further comprising determining the end stations to be active in the event an elapse time since issuing a data transmission request is greater than a time threshold and to be inactive in the event the elapse time is equal to or greater than the time threshold.

19. The system of claim 17 wherein the activity monitor determines the polling frequency of the active end stations to be greater than the polling frequency of the inactive end stations.

20. The system of claim 17 wherein the activity monitor determines the end stations to be active and active depending on an elapse time since each end station transmitted the request message.

13. A method of allocating minislots of a transmission channel used to support polling of end stations, the method comprising:

characterizing each of the end stations to be one of active and inactive;

allocating a first number of minislots to support polling of a first plurality of the end stations characterized as being inactive;

allocating a second number of minislots to support polling of a second plurality of the end stations characterized as being active, the second number of minislots being greater than the first number of minislots.

14. The method of claim 13 further comprising:

determining service requirements of the second plurality of the end stations to be one of a first level and a second level;

allocating a second portion of the second number of minislots to support polling of the second plurality of end station having service requirements of the first level; and

allocating a second portion of the second number of minislots to support polling of the second plurality of end station having service requirements of the second level, the first portion being greater than the second portion.

18. A data communication system for use in facilitating data communications over a network, the system comprising:

a plurality of end stations being operable to instigate data communications according to user inputs, the end stations requiring an authorization message in order to execute data communications over the network, the end stations being operable to transmit a request message to request the authorization message in response to receipt of a related polling message;

an aggregating unit being operable to;

(i) transmit the polling messages at individually selectable polling intervals to a selected one or more of the end stations;

(ii) transmit the authorization messages to one or more of the end stations transmitting the request messages;

(iii) allocate data units used to carry data over the network as function a number of end stations receiving the authorization message; and

an activity monitor being operable with the aggregating unit and being operable to;

(i) determine each of the end stations to be one of active and inactive;

(ii) individually determine a polling frequency at which each of the end stations are transmitted the polling based on whether the end stations is active or inactive.