AGGREGATION SERVER FOR GRID-INTEGRATED VEHICLES

• US 20110202192A1
• Filed: 09/21/2010
• Published: 08/18/2011
• Est. Priority Date: 02/18/2010
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: NUVVE Corporation
• Original Assignee: University of Delaware
• Inventors: Kempton, Willett
• Granted Patent: US 9,043,038 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 700/291
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/34 Cabin temperature
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/545 Temperature
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/622 by satellite navigation
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/72 Charging station selection relying on external data
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2260/56 Temperature prediction, e.g. for pre-cooling
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2270/32 of electricity
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/14 Conductive energy transfer
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/305 Communication interfaces
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/63 in response to network capacity
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/64 Optimising energy costs, e.g. responding to electricity rates
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/65 involving identification of vehicles or their battery types
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/665 Methods related to measuring, billing or payment
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/68 Off-site monitoring or control, e.g. remote control
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 55/00 Arrangements for supplying energy stored within a vehicle to a power network, i.e. vehicle-to-grid [V2G] arrangements
• CPC Class Codes: G06Q 20/085 involving remote charge determination or related payment systems
• CPC Class Codes: G06Q 20/22 Payment schemes or models
• CPC Class Codes: G06Q 30/0601 Electronic shopping [e-shopping]
• CPC Class Codes: G06Q 50/06 Energy or water supply
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 3/008 involving trading of energy or energy transmission rights
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 3/322 the battery being on-board an electric or hybrid vehicle, e.g. vehicle to grid arrangements [V2G], power aggregation, use of the battery for network load balancing, coordinated or cooperative battery charging
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 3/38 : Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/00 : Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 : Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/7072 : Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/72 : Electric energy management in electromobility
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/12 : Electric charging stations
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/14 : Plug-in electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/16 : Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/167 : Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles, i.e. smartgrids as interface for battery charging of electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 10/126 : the energy generation units being or involving electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV], i.e. power aggregation of EV or HEV, vehicle to grid arrangements [V2G]
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 30/14 : Details associated with the interoperability, e.g. vehicle recognition, authentication, identification or billing
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 50/10 : Energy trading, including energy flowing from end-user application to grid
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 903/93 : Conjoint control of different elements

Abstract

Methods, systems, and apparatus for aggregating electric power flow between an electric grid and electric vehicles are disclosed. An apparatus for aggregating power flow may include a memory and a processor coupled to the memory to receive electric vehicle equipment (EVE) attributes from a plurality of EVEs, aggregate EVE attributes, predict total available capacity based on the EVE attributes, and dispatch at least a portion of the total available capacity to the grid. Power flow may be aggregated by receiving EVE operational parameters from each EVE, aggregating the received EVE operational parameters, predicting total available capacity based on the aggregated EVE operational parameters, and dispatching at least a portion of the total available capacity to the grid.

Claims

1. A method for aggregating electric power flow between the electric gird and electric vehicles, the method comprising:

receiving electric vehicle equipment (EVE) operational parameters from each of a plurality of EVEs;

aggregating the received EVE operational parameters;

predicting total available capacity based on the aggregated EVE operational parameters; and

dispatching at least a portion of the total available capacity to the grid.

2. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

offering the total available capacity to the grid;

receiving a grid dispatch for at least a portion of the offered total available capacity; and

allocating the grid dispatch to the plurality of EVEs;

wherein the dispatching step includes instructing the plurality of EVEs to dispatch their allocated capacity for delivery to the grid.

3. The method of claim 2, further comprising:

identifying a market for offering at least a portion of the total available capacity.

4. The method of claim 2, further comprising:

receiving reports of actual delivered power from the plurality of EVEs;

summing the received reports of actual delivered power; and

sending the summed received reports to a grid operator.

5. The method of claim 4, further comprising:

determining if the summed actual delivered power matches the power requested by the grid dispatch.

6. The method of claim 5, further comprising:

adjusting the allocated capacity if the summed actual delivered capacity does not match the dispatch request.

7. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

storing a driving schedule for each of the plurality of EVEs in a memory; and

synchronizing the stored driving schedules with remote driving schedules stored by the plurality of EVEs.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein the method further comprises:

predicting trips for an electric vehicle associated with one of the plurality of EVEs, the vehicle having a battery;

determining effect on the battery of reaching and sustaining various levels of charge; and

charging the battery to a level sufficient for the electric vehicle to carry out the predicted trips, while minimizing wear on the battery, so as to prolong battery life.

9. The method of claim 7, wherein the method further comprises:

predicting trips for the electric vehicle;

determining the current temperature; and

preheating or precooling at least a portion of the electric vehicle based on the predicted trips and the current temperature.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein the preheating or precooling is further based on the expected weather for the predicted trips.

11. A system for aggregating electric power flow between the electric gird and electric vehicles, the system comprising:

means for receiving electric vehicle equipment (EVE) operational parameters from each of a plurality of EVEs;

means for aggregating the received EVE operational parameters;

means for predicting total available capacity based on the aggregated EVE operational parameters; and

means for dispatching at least a portion of the total available capacity to the grid.

12. The system of claim 11, further comprising:

means for offering the total available capacity to the grid;

means for receiving a grid dispatch for at least a portion of the offered total available capacity; and

means for allocating the grid dispatch to the plurality of EVEs;

wherein the means for dispatching includes means for instructing the plurality of EVEs to dispatch their allocated capacity for delivery to the grid.

13. The system of claim 12, further comprising:

means for identifying a market for offering at least a portion of the total available capacity.

14. The system of claim 12, further comprising:

means for receiving reports of actual delivered power from the plurality of EVEs;

means for summing the received reports of actual delivered power; and

means for sending the summed received reports to a grid operator.

15. The system of claim 14, further comprising:

means for determining if the summed actual delivered power matches the power requested by the grid dispatch.

16. The system of claim 15, further comprising:

means for adjusting the allocated capacity if the summed actual delivered capacity does not match the dispatch request.

17. The system of claim 11, further comprising:

means for storing a driving schedule for each of the plurality of EVEs in a memory; and

means for synchronizing the stored driving schedules with remote driving schedules stored by the plurality of EVEs.

18. The system of claim 17, wherein the system further comprises:

means for predicting trips for an electric vehicle associated with one of the plurality of EVEs, the electric vehicle having a battery;

means for determining effect on the battery of reaching and sustaining various levels of charge; and

means for charging the battery to a level sufficient for the electric vehicle to carry out the predicted trips, while minimizing wear on the battery, so as to prolong battery life.

19. The system of claim 17, wherein the system further comprises:

means for predicting trips for the electric vehicle;

means for determining the current temperature; and

means for preheating or precooling at least a portion of the electric vehicle based on the predicted trips and the current temperature.

20. An apparatus for aggregating electric power flow between the electric grid and electric vehicles, the apparatus comprising:

a memory;

a processor coupled to the memory, the processor configured to receive electric vehicle equipment (EVE) attributes from a plurality of EVEs, aggregate EVE attributes, predict total available capacity based on the EVE attributes, and dispatch at least a portion of the total available capacity to the grid.

21. The apparatus of claim 20, the processor further configured to offer the total available capacity to the grid, receive a grid dispatch for at least a portion of the offered total available capacity, and allocate the grid dispatch to the plurality of EVEs, wherein the processor instructs the plurality of EVEs to dispatch their allocated capacity for delivery to the grid.

22. The apparatus of claim 21, the processor further configured to identify a market for offering at least a portion of the total available capacity.

23. The apparatus of claim 21, the processor further configured to receive reports of actual delivered capacity from the plurality of EVEs, sum the received reports of actual delivered capacity, and send the summed received reports to a grid operation for the grid.

24. The apparatus of claim 23, the processor further configured to determine if the summed actual delivered capacity matches the at least a portion of the offered total available capacity of the grid dispatch.

25. The apparatus of claim 24, wherein the processor is further configured to adjust the allocated capacity if the summed actual delivered capacity does not match the at least a portion of the offered total available capacity of the grid dispatch.