SECONDARY BATTERY TEMPERATURE-ESTIMATING APPARATUS AND METHOD

• US 20120099618A1
• Filed: 07/07/2010
• Published: 04/26/2012
• Est. Priority Date: 07/08/2009
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha (Toyota Motor Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha (Toyota Motor Corporation)
• Inventors: Nishi, Yuji, Matsusaka, Masanobu, Kaita, Keiji, Takahashi, Hidenori, Tazawa, Masatoshi
• Granted Patent: US 8,684,596 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 374/152
• CPC Class Codes: G01K 13/10 for measuring temperature within piled or stacked materials by special arrangements for conducting heat from the object to the sensitive heat element G01K1/16
• CPC Class Codes: G01K 7/42 Circuits effecting compensation of thermal inertia; Circuits for predicting the stationary value of a temperature
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 31/3842 combining voltage and current measurements
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 31/389 Measuring internal impedance, internal conductance or related variables
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/486 for measuring temperature
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/10 Energy storage using batteries

Abstract

An alternating current impedance-estimating section (106) estimates an alternating current impedance (Rh) of the secondary battery based on electric current (I) and voltage (V) of the secondary battery detected when a ripple generating section causes a ripple current to flow in the secondary battery. A temperature estimating section (108) estimates the temperature (T) of the secondary battery based on the alternating current impedance (Rh) estimated by the alternating current impedance-estimating section (106) with the use of the relation, obtained in advance, between the temperature (T) of the secondary battery and the alternating current impedance (Rh) of the secondary battery at a ripple frequency.

Claims

1. A secondary battery temperature-estimating apparatus for estimating a temperature of a secondary battery, comprising:

a ripple generating section that is connected to the secondary battery, adapted to cause a ripple alternating current at a predetermined frequency to flow in the secondary battery, and configured to effectively increase the temperature of the secondary battery by setting the predetermined frequency to around 1 kHz;

an electric current detecting section that detects an electric current charging or discharging the secondary battery;

a voltage detecting section that detects a voltage of the secondary battery;

an impedance estimating section that estimates an impedance of the secondary battery based on the electric current detected by the electric current detecting section and the voltage detected by the voltage detecting section when the ripple generating section causes the ripple current to flow in the secondary battery; and

a temperature estimating section that estimates the temperature of the secondary battery based on the impedance estimated by the impedance estimating section with the use of a relation, obtained in advance, between the temperature of the secondary battery and the impedance of the secondary battery.

3. The secondary battery temperature-estimating apparatus according to claim 1,

wherein the impedance estimating section includes:

an offset electric current calculating section that calculates an offset electric current represented by an average value of the detected electric current, based on the electric current detected by the electric current detecting section when the ripple generating section causes the ripple current to flow in the secondary battery;

an offset voltage calculating section that calculates an offset voltage that is a difference between an open-circuit voltage of the secondary battery and an average value of the detected voltage, based on the voltage detected by the voltage detecting section when the ripple generating section causes the ripple current to flow in the secondary battery; and

a direct-current resistance estimating section that estimates a direct current resistance of the secondary battery based on the offset electric current and the offset voltage, and

wherein the temperature estimating section estimates the temperature of the secondary battery based on the direct current resistance estimated by the direct-current resistance estimating section with the use of a relation, obtained in advance, between the temperature of the secondary battery and the direct current resistance of the secondary battery.

4. The secondary battery temperature-estimating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein each of the electric current detecting section and the voltage detecting section includes a peak value acquiring section that acquires a peak value of the detected value of the electric current and the voltage detecting section includes a peak value acquiring section that acquires a peak value of the detected value of the voltage.

2. (canceled)

5. A secondary battery temperature-estimating apparatus for estimating a temperate

a ripple generating section that is connected to the secondary battery, adapted to cause a ripple alternating current at a predetermined frequency to flow in the secondary battery, and configured to effectively increase the temperature of the secondary battery by setting the predetermined frequency to around 1 kHz;

an electric current detecting section that detects an electric current charging or discharging the secondary battery;

a discharge amount estimating section that estimates a discharge amount when the ripple current flows in the secondary battery;

a state of charge (SOC) estimating section that estimates a state of charge (SOC) of the secondary battery by adding a variation amount of the state of charge estimated based on said estimated discharge amount to a state of charge before the ripple current flowed in the secondary battery;

a loss estimating section that estimates an open-circuit voltage (OCV) of the secondary battery based on the state of charge thereof with the use of a SOC-OCV map prepared in advance, and estimates an energy loss of the secondary battery based on said estimated open-circuit voltage and said estimated discharge amount; and

a temperature estimating section that estimates an amount of change in the temperature of the secondary battery based on the energy loss of the secondary battery estimated by the loss estimating section and estimates the temperature of the secondary battery by adding the estimated amount of change in the temperature to the temperature before the ripple current flowed in the secondary battery.

6. The secondary battery temperature-estimating apparatus according to claim 5, wherein

the SOC estimating section includes:

an offset electric current calculating section that calculates an offset electric current represented by an average value of the detected electric current, based on the electric current detected by the electric current detecting section when the ripple generating section causes the ripple current to flow in the secondary battery;

a discharge amount estimating section that estimates an amount of discharge from the secondary battery obtained by integrating the offset electric current; and

a change amount estimating section that estimates an amount of change in the SOC of the secondary battery by dividing the amount of discharge from the secondary battery estimated by the discharge amount estimating section by a capacity of the secondary battery.

7. The secondary battery temperature-estimating apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the electric current detecting section includes a peak value acquiring section that acquires a peak value of the detected value of the electric current.

8. A secondary battery temperature-estimating method of estimating a temperature of a secondary battery, comprising:

causing a ripple alternating current at a predetermined frequency to flow in the secondary battery;

setting the predetermined frequency to around 1 kHz to effectively increase the temperature of the secondary battery;

detecting an electric current charging or discharging the secondary battery;

detecting a voltage of the secondary battery;

estimating an impedance of the secondary battery based on the electric current and the voltage detected when the ripple current is caused to flow in the secondary battery; and

estimating the temperature of the secondary battery based on the estimated impedance with the use of a relation, obtained in advance, between the temperature of the secondary battery and the impedance of the secondary battery.

10. The secondary battery temperature-estimating method according to claim 8,

wherein estimating the impedance includes:

calculating an offset electric current represented by an average value of the detected electric current, based on the electric current detected when the ripple current is caused to flow in the secondary battery;

calculating an offset voltage that is a difference between an open-circuit voltage of the secondary battery and an average value of the detected voltage, based on the voltage detected when the ripple current is caused to flow in the secondary battery; and

estimating a direct current resistance of the secondary battery based on the offset electric current and the offset voltage, and

wherein in estimating the temperature, the temperature of the secondary battery is estimated based on the estimated direct current resistance with the use of a relation, obtained in advance, between the temperature of the secondary battery and the direct current resistance of the secondary battery.

9. (canceled)

11. A secondary battery temperature-estimating method of estimating a temperature of a secondary battery, comprising:

causing a ripple alternating current at a predetermined frequency to flow in the secondary battery;

setting the predetermined frequency to around 1 kHz to effectively increase the temperature of the secondary battery;

detecting an electric current charging or discharging the secondary battery;

estimating a discharge amount when the ripple current flows in the secondary battery;

estimating a state of charge (SOC) of the secondary battery by adding a variation amount of the state of charge estimated based on said estimated discharge amount to a state of charge before the ripple current flowed in the secondary battery;

estimating an open-circuit voltage (OCV) of the secondary battery based on the state of charge thereof with the use of a SOC-OCV map prepared in advance;

estimating an energy loss of the secondary battery based on the said estimated open-circuit voltage and said estimated discharge amount; and

estimating an amount of change in the temperature of the secondary battery based on the estimated energy loss of the secondary battery and estimating the temperature of the secondary battery by adding the estimated amount of change in the temperature to the temperature before the ripple current flowed in the secondary battery.

12. The secondary battery temperature-estimating method according to claim 11, wherein

the estimating the SOC includes:

calculating an offset electric current represented by an average value of the detected electric current, based on the electric current detected when the ripple current is caused to flow in the secondary battery;

estimating an amount of discharge from the secondary battery obtained by integrating the offset electric current; and

estimating an amount of change in the SOC of the secondary battery by dividing the estimated amount of discharge from the secondary battery by a capacity of the secondary battery.