METHODS AND COMPOSITIONS FOR DIRECTED MICROWAVE CHEMISTRY

• US 20120165209A1
• Filed: 12/30/2011
• Published: 06/28/2012
• Est. Priority Date: 10/03/2000
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Mark T. Martin
• Original Assignee: Mark T. Martin
• Inventors: Martin, Mark T.
• Granted Patent: US 8,431,414 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 506/9
• CPC Class Codes: C12N 11/00 Carrier-bound or immobilised enzymes; Carrier-bound or immobilised microbial cells; Preparation thereof
• CPC Class Codes: C12N 13/00 Treatment of microorganisms or enzymes with electrical or wave energy, e.g. magnetism, sonic waves
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 33/5436 with ligand physically entrapped within the solid phase liposomes G01N33/5432; immunological test elements G01N33/54386
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 33/54393 Improving reaction conditions or stability, e.g. by coating or irradiation of surface, by reduction of non-specific binding, by promotion of specific binding

Abstract

The present invention concerns a novel means by which chemical preparations can be made. Reactions can be accelerated on special cartridges using microwave energy. The chips contain materials that efficiently absorb microwave energy causing chemical reaction rate increases. The invention is important in many chemical transformations including those used in protein chemistry, in nucleic acid chemistry, in analytical chemistry, and in the polymerase chain reaction.

Claims

1-24. -24. (canceled)

25. A method for accelerating a biospecific binding reaction involving one or more reactant(s) and a carrier fluid, wherein the one or more reactant(s) comprises one or more nucleic acid(s), said method comprising:

(a) contacting a composite material with said reactant(s) and carrier fluid, said composite material comprising a solid material susceptible to microwave heating and capture molecules, wherein the capture molecules comprise one or more nucleic acid(s), said contacting being under conditions sufficient to allow said reactant(s) to bind to said capture molecule(s) of said composite via a biospecific interaction;

(b) applying an electromagnetic field to said composite material, wherein the wavelength of the electromagnetic field is between 1 cm and 100 m and is sufficient to result in microwave heating of said solid material; and

(c) allowing said composite material to transfer heat to said reactant(s);

(d) whereby product is formed from said reactant(s) and said capture molecule(s) at a greater rate than without heating from the heated composite material, thereby accelerating said biospecific binding reaction.

26. The method of claim 25, wherein said biospecific binding reaction comprises hybridization of two nucleic acid molecules to one another.

27. The method of claim 25, wherein said biospecific binding reaction comprises a nucleic acid amplification reaction.

28. The method of claim 27, wherein the amplification reaction is a polymerase chain reaction.

29. The method of claim 25, further comprising the step of measuring the extent or rate of said biospecific binding reaction.

30. The method of claim 29, wherein the measuring is by absorbance, chemiluminescence, or fluorescence detection.

31. The method of claim 25, wherein the solid material is incorporated into a device selected from a group consisting of a microarray chip/slide, microtiter plate, Petri dish, centrifuge tube, or test tube.

32. The method of claim 25, wherein the biospecific binding reaction occurs on a surface of a particle, bead, or spot.

33. The method of claim 25, further comprising the steps of:

(e) contacting said composite with one or more reactant(s) capable of participating in a biospecific interaction with a reactant (a), or a product produced as a consequence of a biospecific binding reaction involving a reactant (a);

(f) allowing said additional reactant(s) to react in said biospecific interaction; and

(g) measuring the extent or rate of said biospecific interaction.

34. The method of claim 33, wherein said one or more additional biospecific binding reaction(s) comprises hybridization of two nucleic acid molecules.

35. The method of claim 33, wherein the measuring is by absorbance, chemiluminescence, or fluorescence detection.

36. The method of claim 33, wherein the solid material is incorporated into a device selected from a group consisting of a microarray chip/slide, microtiter plate, Petri dish, centrifuge tube, or test tube.

37. The method of claim 33, wherein the biospecific binding reaction occurs on a surface of a particle, bead, or spot.

38. The method of claim 25, further comprising the acceleration of one or more additional biospecific binding reactions involving one or more reactant(s), said method comprising the additional steps of:

(e) contacting said composite with one or more additional reactant(s), wherein said reactant(s) are capable of participating in one or more further biospecific binding reactions involving a reactant (a), or a product produced as a consequence of a biospecific binding reaction involving a reactant (a);

(f) applying an electromagnetic field wherein the wavelength of the applied field is between 1 cm and 100 m to said composite, said electromagnetic field being sufficient to result in microwave heating of said solid material, said additional reactant(s) being heated by heat transfer from said heated solid material; and

(g) allowing said heated additional reactant(s) to react with either a reactant (a), or a product produced as a consequence of a biospecific binding reaction involving a reactant (a), whereby product is formed from said reactant(s) and said reactant (a) or a product produced as a consequence of a biospecific binding reaction involving a reactant (a), at a greater rate than without heating from the heated composite material, thereby accelerating said biospecific binding reaction.

39. The method of claim 38, wherein said one or more additional biospecific binding reaction(s) comprises hybridization of two nucleic acid molecules.

40. The method of claim 38, wherein said one or more additional reaction(s) comprises a nucleic acid amplification reaction.

41. The method of claim 40, wherein said amplification reaction is a polymerase chain reaction.

42. The method of claim 38, further comprising the step of measuring the extent or rate of said biospecific binding reaction.

43. The method of claim 42, wherein the measuring is by absorbance, chemiluminescence, or fluorescence detection.

44. The method of claim 38, wherein the solid material is incorporated into a device selected from a group consisting of a microarray chip/slide, microtiter plate, Petri dish, centrifuge tube, or test tube.