System and Method for Aircraft Cabin Atmospheric Composition Control

• US 20120196521A1
• Filed: 06/08/2011
• Published: 08/02/2012
• Est. Priority Date: 02/15/2003
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Robert Geary
• Original Assignee: Robert Geary
• Inventors: Geary, Robert
• Granted Patent: US 9,233,756 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 454/75
• CPC Class Codes: B64D 13/06 the air being conditioned pressurising B64D13/02
• CPC Class Codes: B64D 2013/0681 with oxygen control

Abstract

Method and arrangement for adjusting nitrogen and oxygen concentrations within regions of an aircraft. The method includes separating nitrogen from ambient air onboard an aircraft thereby establishing a high-concentration nitrogen supply and then dispensing high-concentration nitrogen from the supply to a fire-susceptible, non-habitable region of the aircraft where the high-concentration nitrogen is reservoired thereby decreasing the capability for the atmosphere therein to support combustion. Oxygen is also separated from the ambient air thereby establishing a high-concentration oxygen supply that is dispensed to an occupant cabin of the aircraft thereby increasing the level of oxygen concentration within the cabin to a level greater than the naturally occurring concentration of oxygen at the experienced internal cabin pressure. When it is determined that reduced oxygen concentration is required in the occupant cabin, the reservoired high-concentration nitrogen is moved into the passenger cabin diluting the oxygen-elevated environment.

Claims

1. A method for controlling a degree of oxygen/nitrogen shift of incoming air in response to a partial pressure of oxygen in areas of an aircraft, said method comprising:

dispensing an oxygen flow from a high-concentration oxygen supply to an occupant cabin of the aircraft in increase the level of oxygen concentration within the occupant cabin;

dispensing a nitrogen flow from a high-concentration nitrogen supply to a fire-susceptible, internal non-habitable region of the aircraft to decrease the capability for the atmosphere therein to support combustion; and

varying the oxygen flow into the occupant cabin and the nitrogen flow into the occupant cabin based in part on a detected condition in the aircraft.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the detected condition is at least one of a partial pressure of oxygen value, flight parameters, aircraft configuration, and smoke/fire warning status.

3. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

storing the high-concentration nitrogen supply in a first location prior to dispensing the nitrogen from the high-concentration nitrogen supply.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein the first location is a reservoir.

5. The method of claim 3, wherein the first location is a fire-susceptible, non-habitable area of the aircraft.

6. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

separating oxygen from ambient air onboard the aircraft to establish a high-concentration oxygen supply;

determining that an increased oxygen concentration is desired in the occupant cabin; and

dispensing oxygen from the high-concentration oxygen supply to the occupant cabin of the aircraft thereby increasing a level of oxygen concentration within the occupant cabin to a level greater than a naturally-occurring partial pressure of oxygen at an experienced internal occupant cabin pressure.

7. The method of claim 6, further comprising:

separating nitrogen from ambient air onboard the aircraft to establish a high-concentration nitrogen supply;

determining that reduced oxygen concentration is desired in the occupant cabin; and

dispensing into the occupant cabin nitrogen from the high-concentration nitrogen supply, thereby diluting the oxygen concentration in the occupant cabin.

8. A method for controlling an atmosphere in habitable and non-habitable areas of an aircraft, said method comprising:

establishing a supply of nitrogen-rich air by separating nitrogen from air onboard the aircraft;

storing the supply of nitrogen-rich air in a non-habitable area; and

introducing the nitrogen-rich air stored in the non-habitable area into a habitable area, wherein the habitable area is habitable by passengers or crew.

9. The method of claim 8, further comprising:

establishing a supply of oxygen-rich air by separating oxygen from air onboard the aircraft;

storing the supply of oxygen-rich air in a first location; and

introducing the oxygen-rich air stored in the first location into a habitable area, wherein the habitable area is habitable by passengers or crew.

10. The method of claim 8, wherein the habitable area comprises at least one of a passenger cabin, a cockpit, a lavatory, a galley, or a vestibule.

11. The method of claim 8, wherein the non-habitable area comprises at least one of:

a cabling duct, a baggage compartment, a radio rack compartment, or an electrical wiring compartment.

12. A system for adjusting a nitrogen concentration and an oxygen concentration within areas of an aircraft, the system comprising:

a gas separation unit to separate ambient air within an aircraft into a nitrogen-rich flow and an oxygen-rich flow;

a plurality of sensors monitoring at least one condition within at least one region of an aircraft; and

a central control unit controlling a dispensation of the nitrogen-rich flow and the oxygen-rich flow based in part on an output of the plurality of sensors.

13. The system of claim 12, wherein the central control unit causes the dispensation of oxygen from the oxygen-rich flow into an occupant cabin if a higher oxygen concentration in the occupant cabin is desired.

14. The system of claim 12, wherein the central control unit causes the dispensation of oxygen from the oxygen-rich flow to increase the oxygen concentration within an occupant cabin of the aircraft to a level greater than a naturally-occurring partial pressure of oxygen at an experienced internal occupant cabin pressure.

15. The system of claim 12, wherein the central control unit causes the dispensation of nitrogen from the nitrogen-rich flow into an occupant cabin if a reduced oxygen concentration in the occupant cabin is desired.

16. The system of claim 12, wherein the central control unit causes the dispensation of a portion of the oxygen-rich flow overboard if a reduced oxygen concentration in the occupant cabin is desired.

17. The system of claim 12, wherein the central control unit causes the dispensation of a portion of the nitrogen-rich flow overboard if a reduced nitrogen concentration in the occupant cabin is desired.