ABNORMALITY DETECTING SYSTEM FOR BATTERY ASSEMBLY

• US 20120242344A1
• Filed: 11/18/2010
• Published: 09/27/2012
• Est. Priority Date: 12/02/2009
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha (Toyota Motor Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha (Toyota Motor Corporation)
• Inventors: Ishishita, Teruo
• Granted Patent: US 8,963,551 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 324/430
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 3/0046 relating to electric energy storage systems, e.g. batteries or capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 50/16 with provision for separate direct mechanical propulsion
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 31/389 Measuring internal impedance, internal conductance or related variables
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 31/396 Acquisition or processing of data for testing or for monitoring individual cells or groups of cells within a battery
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/4207 for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/482 for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/0013 acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially H02J7/1423 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/0048 Detection of remaining charge capacity or state of charge [SOC]
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/005 Detection of state of health [SOH]
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/10 Energy storage using batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/7072 Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors

Abstract

An abnormality detecting system sequentially compares the output voltages of n-piece battery cells that are connected in series, with a criteria voltage, at respective points in time Tv1-Tvn, and produces a determination signal indicative of the presence or absence of any battery cell whose voltage becomes lower than the criteria voltage at time Tvc. The battery current Ib is sampled a predetermined number of times at intervals of a predetermined sampling cycle period ΔTi. The current sampling times Ti1-Ti3 are provided within a period that lies inside a voltage sampling period Ta-Tb including the above-indicated times Tv1-Tvn, with a given period of time (ΔTi−2) or less provided at each side of the period. When detecting an increase in the internal resistance based on a comparison between the maximum value of the current sampling values and a criteria current, the abnormality detecting system corrects the criteria current in view of a current variation in a half of the sampling cycle period due to current ripple.

Claims

1. An abnormality detecting system for a battery assembly having a plurality of battery cells connected in series, comprising:

a plurality of detection units provided for the plurality of battery cells, respectively, each of the detection units being arranged to compare an output voltage of a corresponding one of the battery cells with a predetermined criteria voltage, the plurality of detection units operating sequentially in response to a start trigger, and sequentially transmitting a detection signal that reflects a result of the voltage comparison, so as to output an abnormality signal indicative of whether the output voltage of any of the plurality of battery cells becomes lower than the criteria voltage;

a current detector that detects a current that passes through the plurality of battery cells; and

an abnormality monitoring circuit that checks if an internal resistance abnormality as an increase of the internal resistance to a level larger than an upper limit thereof occurs in any of the plurality of battery cells, based on the detection signal received from the plurality of detection units and a current detection value obtained by the current detector,

wherein the abnormality monitoring circuit comprises;

a current sampling unit that samples the current detection value of the current detector a predetermined number of times according to a predetermined sampling cycle;

a correction amount setting unit that sets a current correction amount that reflects a ripple component of the current, with respect to a criteria current corresponding to a current value obtained by dividing the criteria voltage by the upper limit of the internal resistance; and

a current comparing unit that detects the internal resistance abnormality when the abnormality signal indicates that the output voltage of any of the plurality of battery cells becomes smaller than the criteria voltage, and when the maximum value of a plurality of current sampling values obtained by the current sampling unit is smaller than a current value obtained by subtracting the current correction amount from the criteria current, and

wherein the current sampling unit sets the sampling cycle such that a first current sampling time is set at a point in time at which a given length of time that is equal to or less than a half of the sampling cycle period elapses from the beginning of voltage comparisons for the plurality of battery cells in the plurality of detection units, and such that a final current sampling time is set at a point in time that precedes the end of voltage comparisons in the plurality of detection units, by a given length of time that is equal to or less than the half of the sampling cycle period.

2. The abnormality detecting system for the battery assembly according to claim 1, wherein the correction amount setting unit is configured to set the current correction amount, according to an amount of current variation due to the ripple component, which arises from a phase shift corresponding to the half of the sampling cycle period.

3. The abnormality detecting system for the battery assembly according to claim 2, wherein the correction amount setting unit is configured to set the current correction amount, based on a current amplitude at the time of the maximum output of the battery assembly when the ripple component is regarded as a sinusoidal current, and a ratio of the half of the sampling cycle period to a period of the ripple component.

4. The abnormality detecting system for the battery assembly according to claim 1, wherein the detection signal received by the abnormality monitoring circuit is an abnormality signal produced based on the detection signal generated by the detection unit of a final stage as one of the plurality of detection units.

5. The abnormality detecting system for the battery assembly according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of detection units include a first through n-th detection units where n is an integer equal to or larger than 2, the first detection unit operating in response to the start trigger, and transmitting the detection signal indicative of whether the output voltage of the first battery cell becomes lower than the criteria voltage, to the second detection unit, each of the i-th detection units, where i is an integer of 2 to n, including a voltage comparator that outputs a result of voltage comparison between the output voltage of the i-th battery cell and the criteria voltage, and a logic operation circuit configured to output the detection signal indicative of whether the output voltage of any of the first through i-th battery cells becomes lower than the criteria voltage, based on the detection signal transmitted from the (i−

1)-th detection unit and an output signal of the voltage comparator,

the abnormality detecting system further comprising a signal transmitting circuit that receives the detection signal from the n-th detection unit, and outputs the abnormality signal based on the detection signal, to the abnormality monitoring circuit.

6. The abnormality detecting system for the battery assembly according to claim 1, further comprising a plurality of voltage abnormality detection units provided for the plurality of battery cells, respectively, each of the voltage abnormality detection units operating sequentially in response to a start trigger, comparing the output voltage of a corresponding one of the battery cells with an upper-limit voltage that is higher than the criteria voltage, and sequentially transmitting an upper-limit voltage comparison signal that reflects a result of the voltage comparison, so as to output a voltage abnormality signal indicative of whether the output voltage of any of the plurality of battery cells is higher than the upper-limit voltage.