WIRELESS POWER TRANSMISSION APPARATUS

• US 20120248884A1
• Filed: 05/06/2011
• Published: 10/04/2012
• Est. Priority Date: 07/12/2005
• Status: Abandoned Application

• Current Assignee: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
• Original Assignee: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
• Inventors: Karalis, Aristeidis, Kurs, Andre B., Moffatt, Robert, Joannopoulos, John D., Fisher, Peter H., Soljacic, Marin
• Application Number:
  US13/102,498
• Publication Number:
  US 20120248884A1
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 307/104
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2210/20 AC to AC converters
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/126 Methods for pairing a vehicle and a charging station, e.g. establishing a one-to-one relation between a wireless power transmitter and a wireless power receiver
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 7/00 Loop antennas with a substantially uniform current distribution around the loop and having a directional radiation pattern in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the loop
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 9/04 Resonant antennas
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/12 of the resonant type
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/80 involving the exchange of data, concerning supply or distribution of electric power, between transmitting devices and receiving devices
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/90 involving detection or optimisation of position, e.g. alignment
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 5/79 for data transfer in combination with power transfer
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/7072 Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/72 Electric energy management in electromobility
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/12 Electric charging stations
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/14 Plug-in electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 29/4902 Electromagnet, transformer or inductor

Abstract

Described herein are embodiments of a wireless power receiver that includes a receive high-Q resonator configured to receive wireless power from a magnetic near field, the receive high-Q resonator that may include a first resonator and a second resonator wirelessly coupled to the first resonator. The wireless power receiver may be included in a non-contact power transmission apparatus that includes a resonance system, which may include a primary coil to which an oscillating voltage from a source is applied, a primary-side resonance coil, a secondary-side resonance coil, and a secondary coil to which a load is connected, wherein the impedance of the primary coil is set such that the output impedance of the oscillating source and the input impedance of the resonance system are matched to each other.

Claims

1. A wireless power receiver, comprising:

a receive high-Q resonator configured to receive wireless power from a magnetic near field, the receive high-Q resonator comprising;

a first resonator; and

a second resonator wirelessly coupled to the first resonator.

2. The wireless power receiver of claim 1, wherein the first resonator couples with the magnetic near field when the receive high-Q resonator is within a first distance from a transmitter generating the magnetic near field.

3. The wireless power receiver of claim 2, wherein the second resonator couples with the magnetic near field when the receive high-Q resonator is within a second distance from the transmitter.

4. The wireless power receiver of claim 3, wherein the second resonator inductively couples received wireless power to the first resonator.

5. The wireless power receiver of claim 1, wherein the second resonator is a high-Q resonator having a Q-value greater than the first resonator.

6. A wireless power transmitter, comprising:

a transmit high-Q resonator configured to generate a magnetic near field for transmission of wireless power, the transmit high-Q resonator including;

a first resonator; and

a second resonator wirelessly coupled to the first resonator.

7. The wireless power transmitter of claim 6, wherein the first resonator generates the magnetic near field when the transmit high-Q resonator is within a first distance-from a receiver receiving the wireless power from the magnetic near field.

8. The wireless power transmitter of claim 7, wherein the second resonator generates the magnetic near field when the transmit high-Q resonator is within a second distance from the receiver.

9. The wireless power transmitter of claim 8, wherein the first resonator inductively couples the wireless power to the second resonator.

10. The wireless power transmitter of claim 6, wherein the second resonator is a high-Q resonator having a Q-value greater than the first resonator.

11. A wireless power transmission system, comprising:

a transmitter including a transmit high-Q resonator for generating a magnetic near field for transmission of wireless power, the transmit high-Q resonator including a first resonator;

a receiver including a receive high-Q resonator for coupling with the transmit high-Q resonator to receive the wireless power from the magnetic near field, the receive high-Q resonator including a second resonator; and

a third resonator wirelessly coupled to one of the first and second resonators.

12. The wireless power transmission system of claim 11, further comprising at least a fourth resonator wirelessly coupled to any of the other resonators in the system.

13. The wireless power transmission system of claim 12, wherein the first and second resonators are configured for the wireless power transmission there between when the transmit resonator is within a first distance from the receive resonator.

14. The wireless power transmission system of claim 13, wherein the third and at least fourth resonators are configured for the wireless power transmission there between when the transmit resonator is within a second distance from the receive resonator.

15. The wireless power transmission system of claim 11, wherein the one of the first and second resonators inductively couples the wireless power to the third resonator.

16. A method for receiving wireless power, comprising:

receiving at a resonator of a receive high-Q resonator wireless power in a magnetic near field generated by a transmit high-Q resonator when the receive high-Q resonator and the transmit high-Q resonator are within a first distance away;

receiving at a second resonator of the receive resonator the wireless power of the magnetic near field generated by the transmit resonator when the receive resonator and the transmit resonator are within a second distance away; and

rectifying a received power signal.

17. The method for receiving wireless power of claim 16, further comprising inductively coupling the wireless power from the second resonator to the receive resonator when the receive resonator and the transmit resonator are within a second distance away.

18. The method for receiving wireless power of claim 16, wherein the second resonator is a high-Q resonator having a Q-value greater than the receive resonator.

19. A method for transmitting wireless power, comprising:

generating at a resonator of a transmit high-Q resonator, wireless power in a magnetic near field when a receive high-Q resonator and the transmit high-Q resonator are within a first distance away; and

generating at a second resonator of the transmit high-Q resonator the wireless power of the magnetic near field when the receive high-Q resonator and the transmit high-Q resonator are a second distance away.

20. The method for transmitting wireless power of claim 19, further comprising inductively coupling the wireless power from the resonator of the transmit high-Q resonator to the second resonator when the receive high-Q resonator and the transmit high-Q resonator are within a second distance away.

21. The method for transmitting wireless power of claim 19, wherein the second resonator is a high-Q resonator having a Q-value greater than the resonator of the transmit high-Q resonator.

22. A wireless power receiver, comprising:

means for receiving at a resonator of a receive high-Q resonator wireless power in a magnetic near field generated by a transmit high-Q resonator when the receive high-Q resonator and the transmit high-Q resonator are within a first distance away;

means for receiving at a second resonator of the receive high-Q resonator the wireless power of the magnetic near field generated by the transmit high-Q resonator when the receive high-Q resonator and the transmit high-Q resonator are within a second distance away; and

means for rectifying a received power signal.

23. A wireless power transmitter, comprising:

means for generating at a resonator of a transmit high-Q resonator wireless power in a magnetic near field when a receive high-Q resonator and the transmit high-Q resonator are within a first distance away; and

means for generating at a second resonator of the transmit high-Q resonator the wireless power of the magnetic near field when the receive high-Q resonator and the transmit high-Q resonator are second distance away.

24. A non-contact power transmission apparatus comprising a resonance system, which includes a primary coil to which an oscillating voltage from a source is applied, a primary-side resonance coil, a secondary-side resonance coil, and a secondary coil to which a load is connected, wherein the impedance of the primary coil is set such that the output impedance of the oscillating source and the input impedance of the resonance system are matched to each other.

25. The apparatus according to claim 24, wherein the frequency of the oscillating voltage of the oscillating source is in the range of the resonant width of the resonance system.

26. A method for designing a non-contact power transmission apparatus including a resonance system, which includes a primary coil to which an oscillating voltage from an oscillating source is applied, a primary-side resonance coil, a secondary-side resonance coil, and a secondary coil to which a load is connected;

the method comprising;

setting the frequency of the oscillating voltage of the oscillating source; and

setting the impedance of the primary coil such that the output impedance of the oscillating source and the input impedance of the resonance system are matched to each other at the set frequency.

27. The designing method according to claim 26, wherein, when the frequency of the oscillating voltage of the oscillating source is in a range of the resonant width of the resonance system.