ABSORBENT MATERIAL FOR LOW-MOLECULAR-WEIGHT ORGANIC GAS AND FUEL VAPOR TREATMENT APPARATUS USING SAME

• US 20130150237A1
• Filed: 02/05/2013
• Published: 06/13/2013
• Est. Priority Date: 01/06/2006
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Cataler Corporation (Toyota Motor Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Cataler Corporation (Toyota Motor Corporation)
• Inventors: MOCHIZUKI, Yuji
• Granted Patent: US 8,608,839 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 502/401
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2253/308 Pore size
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2257/702 Hydrocarbons
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 53/02 by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography solid sorbent compositions B01J20/00, preparation of inorganic compounds or elements C01
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 20/28083 being in the range 2-50 nm, i.e. mesopores
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 20/3078 Thermal treatment, e.g. calcining or pyrolizing
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 20/3092 Packing of a container, e.g. packing a cartridge or column of chromatography columns B01D15/206
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 20/3204 Inorganic carriers, supports or substrates
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 20/3231 characterised by the coating or impregnating layer
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 20/3246 having a well defined chemical structure
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 20/3248 the functional group or the linking, spacer or anchoring group as a whole comprising at least one type of heteroatom selected from a nitrogen, oxygen or sulfur, these atoms not being part of the carrier as such
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2220/58 Use in a single column
• CPC Class Codes: F02M 25/0854 Details of the absorption canister

Abstract

Provided are a low-molecular-weight organic gas absorbent material including a porous material having an average pore size of 10 to 200 nm impregnated with one or more organic compounds having 10 or more carbon atoms in a proportion of 10 wt % or more based on the porous material, and a fuel vapor treatment apparatus for an internal combustion engine using this low-molecular-weight organic gas absorbent material. This low-molecular-weight organic gas absorbent material sufficiently absorbs and removes low-molecular-weight organic gases even for a porous material having large pores which cannot adsorb low-molecular-weight organic gases such as butane and the like.

Claims

1. A low-molecular-weight organic gas absorbent material comprising

a porous material having an average pore size of 10 to 100 nm

impregnated with one or more organic compounds having a boiling point of 200°

C. or more, and selected from aliphatic alcohols, carboxylic acids, ketones, ethers, esters and aromatic hydrocarbons each of which has unsaturated carbon chain,

in a proportion of 10 wt % or more based on the porous material, wherein the organic compounds are in the form of liquid or semi-solid at an ordinary temperature.

2. The low-molecular-weight organic gas absorbent material according to claim 1, wherein said adsorbent material has a volatile content of the absorbent material at 200°

C. under a nitrogen atmosphere of not more than 3 wt %.

3. A fuel vapor treatment apparatus for an internal combustion engine comprising the low-molecular-weight organic gas absorbent material according to claim 1.

4. A fuel vapor treatment apparatus for an internal combustion engine comprising the low-molecular-weight organic gas absorbent material according to claim 2.

5. The low-molecular-weight organic gas absorbent material according to claim 1, wherein the porous material is a silica gel.

6. The low-molecular-weight organic gas absorbent material according to claim 1, wherein the porous material is activated carbon.

7. The low-molecular-weight organic gas absorbent material according to claim 1, wherein said one or more organic compounds are selected from the group consisting of aliphatic alcohols having unsaturated carbon chain which are liquid at ordinary temperatures and have 10 to 26 carbon atoms.

8. The low-molecular-weight organic gas absorbent material according to claim 1, wherein said one or more organic compounds are selected from the group consisting of aliphatic carboxylic acids having unsaturated carbon chain which are liquid at ordinary temperatures and have 10 to 24 carbon atoms.

9. The low-molecular-weight organic gas absorbent material according to claim 8, wherein said one or more organic compounds are selected from the group consisting of oleic acid, linoleic acid and linolenic acid.

10. The low-molecular-weight organic gas absorbent material according to claim 1, wherein said one or more organic compounds are selected from the group consisting of higher ether having unsaturated carbon chain which are liquid at ordinary temperatures and have 10 to 40 carbon atoms.

11. The low-molecular-weight organic gas absorbent material according to claim 1, wherein said one or more organic compounds are selected from the group consisting of an oil of formula R₁COOR₂, in which R₁ represents an unsaturated linear or branched fatty acid residue containing from 1 to 40 carbon atoms and R₂ represents a hydrocarbon-based chain, which is in particular branched, containing from 1 to 40 carbon atoms, on condition that R₁+R₂≧

10.

12. The low-molecular-weight organic gas absorbent material according to claim 11, wherein said one or more organic compounds are selected from the group consisting of alkyl benzoates having 12 to 15 carbon atoms, alcohol or polyalcohol ricinoleates and diisostearyl malate.

13. A shaped active carbon having an average particle size of 0.5 to 40 micrometers, which is obtained by shaping the low-molecular-weight organic gas absorbent material of claim 1.

14. The low-molecular-weight organic gas absorbent material according to claim 1, wherein said organic compound is n-dodecane.

15. A low-molecular-weight organic gas absorbent material according to claim 14, which is obtained by dipping n-dodecane into the porous material in a proportion of 10 weight-% or more based on the porous material, followed by drying at 200°

C.