BRAKE SYSTEM AND ACTUATOR CONTROL DEVICE

• US 20140131150A1
• Filed: 07/11/2011
• Published: 05/15/2014
• Est. Priority Date: 07/11/2011
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha (Toyota Motor Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha (Toyota Motor Corporation)
• Inventors: Yamamoto, Takayuki, Miyazaki, Tetsuya, Nimura, Kazunori
• Granted Patent: US 9,150,206 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 188/158
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 6/445 Differential gearing distribution type
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 1/003 to auxiliary motors, e.g. for pumps, compressors
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 15/2009 for braking
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 15/2036 Electric differentials, e.g. for supporting steering vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/80 Time limits
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2250/26 by pedal actuation
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 50/16 with provision for separate direct mechanical propulsion
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 50/62 charged by low-power generators primarily intended to support the batteries, e.g. range extenders
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 58/20 having different nominal voltages
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 7/26 Controlling the braking effect
• CPC Class Codes: B60T 1/10 by utilising wheel movement for accumulating energy, e.g. driving air compressors
• CPC Class Codes: B60T 13/586 the retarders being of the electric type
• CPC Class Codes: B60T 13/686 in hydraulic systems or parts thereof
• CPC Class Codes: B60T 13/741 acting on an ultimate actuator
• CPC Class Codes: B60T 15/36 Other control devices or valves characterised by definite functions electrically controlled valves in fluid-pressure brake systems B60T15/027, B60T15/028
• CPC Class Codes: B60T 2270/604 Merging friction therewith; Adjusting their repartition
• CPC Class Codes: B60T 8/172 Determining control parameters used in the regulation, e.g. by calculations involving measured or detected parameters B60T8/17551 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 10/188 hydraulic brakes
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 10/192 electric brakes
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 10/26 for electrical energy, e.g. batteries or capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 20/00 : Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles hybrid vehicle design, B60K6/00; electric vehicles B60L
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 30/18127 : Regenerative braking
• CPC Class Codes: F16D 65/14 : Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position brake control systems, parts thereof B60T
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 2310/48 : for electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/1446 : in response to parameters of a vehicle
• CPC Class Codes: H02P 3/04 : Means for stopping or slowing by a separate brake, e.g. friction brake, eddy-current brake brakes F16D, H02K49/00
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/62 : Hybrid vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/64 : Electric machine technologies in electromobility
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 : Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/7072 : Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/72 : Electric energy management in electromobility
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/92 : Energy efficient charging or discharging systems for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors specially adapted for vehicles

Abstract

A brake system includes: (a) a first brake device including a first actuator and a first brake that utilizes an output of the first actuator; (b) a second brake device including a second actuator and a second brake that utilizes an output of the second actuator; (c) a regenerative-electric-energy obtaining device configured to obtain a regenerative electric energy that is returned to a power source device; and (d) an actuator control device configured to reduce a total consumed electric energy, by controlling the first actuator and/or the second actuator in a manner that maintains a state in which a required braking force is satisfied by a braking force of the first brake and/or a braking force of the second brake, such that the total consumed electric energy is made smaller when a regenerative electric energy is small, than when the regenerative electric energy is large.

Claims

1. A brake system comprising:

a first brake device including;

a first actuator that is at least one actuator to be activated by supply of an electric energy from a power source device installed in a vehicle; and

a first brake configured to restrict rotation of a first wheel that is at least one of a plurality of wheels of the vehicle, by utilizing an output of said first actuator;

a second brake device including;

a second actuator that is at least one actuator to be activated by supply of the electric energy from the power source device; and

a second brake configured to restrict rotation of a second wheel that is at least one of the plurality of wheels which is other than the first wheel, by utilizing an output of said second actuator;

a regenerative-electric-energy obtaining device configured to obtain a regenerative electric energy that is the electric energy returned to the power source device; and

an actuator control device configured to reduce a total consumed electric energy including the electric energy consumed individually by said first actuator and the electric energy consumed individually by said second actuator, by controlling at least at least one of said first actuator and said second actuator in a manner that maintains a state in which a required braking force is satisfied by at least one of a first braking force and a second braking force that are a braking force of said first brake and a braking force of said second brake, respectively, such that the total consumed electric energy is made smaller when the regenerative electric energy obtained by said regenerative-electric-energy obtaining device is small, than when the regenerative electric energy obtained by said regenerative-electric-energy obtaining device is large.

2. The brake system according to claim 1, comprising a regenerative brake device which is configured to convert a kinetic energy of at least one electric driving motor, into the electric energy, and to return the electric energy to the power source device, said regenerative brake device being configured to apply a regenerative braking force to a drive wheel that is at least one of the first and second wheels, the at least one electric driving motor being connected to the drive wheel,

wherein said regenerative-electric-energy obtaining device includes a regenerative-braking-force-based obtaining portion that is configured to obtain the regenerative electric energy, based on the regenerative braking force applied to the drive wheel by said regenerative brake device.

3. The brake system according to claim 1, wherein said actuator control device includes a saving-energy-type actuator controlling portion that is configured to reduce the total consumed electric energy, by increasing the electric energy consumed in said first brake device and reducing the electric energy consumed in said second brake device, such that the total consumed electric energy is made smaller when the regenerative electric energy is small than when the regenerative electric energy is large.

4. The brake system according to claim 3,

wherein said first brake device includes a first-braking-force controlling actuator which is other than said first actuator and which is configured to control the first braking force,

wherein said second brake device is an electric friction brake device that is configured to restrict the rotation of the second wheel by causing a frictional engagement member to be pressed against a brake rotary body by a pressing force corresponding to the output of said second actuator, and

wherein said saving-energy-type actuator controlling portion includes a first-braking-force increasing portion that is configured to increase the first braking force by increasing the electric energy consumed by said first-braking-force controlling actuator, and to reduce the second braking force by reducing the electric energy consumed by said second actuator, such that the first braking force and the second braking force are respectively made larger and smaller when the regenerative electric energy is smaller than the given electric energy, than when the regenerative electric energy is not smaller than the given electric energy.

5. The brake system according to claim 4, wherein said first-braking-force controlling actuator is configured to increase the first braking force with increase of the electric energy supplied to said first-braking-force controlling actuator, such that the first braking force is increased by a magnitude as the electric energy supplied to said first-braking-force controlling actuator is increased by an amount that is smaller than an amount by which the electric energy supplied to said second actuator is to be increased when the second force is required to be increased by the same magnitude.

6. The brake system according to claim 1, wherein said saving-energy-type actuator controlling portion includes an activation-start delaying portion that is configured to delay start of activation of one of said first actuator and said second actuator.

7. The brake system according to claim 1, wherein said actuator control device includes a torque-limiter-type actuator controlling portion that is configured to restrict the output of at least one of said first actuator and said second actuator, such that the output of said at least one of said first actuator and said second actuator is made smaller when the regenerative electric energy is smaller than a given electric energy, than when the regenerative electric energy is larger than the given electric energy.

8. The brake system according to claim 7, wherein said torque-limiter-type actuator controlling portion includes an increase-rate restricting portion that is configured to restrict a rate of increase of the output of said at least one of said first actuator and said second actuator.

9. The brake system according to claim 1, wherein said actuator control device includes an activation-state second-actuator power-consumption reducing portion that is configured to reduce the electric energy consumed individually by said second actuator, such that the electric energy consumed individually by said second actuator is smaller when the regenerative electric energy is smaller than the given electric energy and said first actuator is activated, than when the regenerative electric energy is not smaller than the given electric energy and/or said first actuator is in a non-activated state.

10. The brake system according to claim 1, wherein said actuator control device includes an activation-predicted-state second-actuator power-consumption reducing portion that is configured to reduce the electric energy consumed individually by said second actuator, such that the electric energy consumed individually by said second actuator is smaller when the regenerative electric energy is smaller than a given electric energy and a probability that activation of said first actuator will be started is high, than when the regenerative electric energy is not smaller than the given electric energy and/or the probability that the activation of said first actuator will be started is low.

11. The brake system according to claim 1, wherein the first wheel is each of front left and right wheels of the vehicle while the second wheel is each of rear left and right wheels of the vehicle.

12. The brake system according to claim 1, wherein said actuator control device includes a first-actuator priority controlling portion that is configured to restrict the output of said second actuator without restricting the output of said first actuator, such that the output of said second actuator is smaller when the regenerative electric energy is smaller than a given electric energy, than when the regenerative electric energy is not smaller than the given electric energy.

13. The brake system according to claim 1, wherein said actuator control device includes an upper-limit-value-based controlling portion that is configured to control at least one of said first actuator and said second actuator in a manner that maintains a state in which the total consumed electric energy is smaller than an upper limit value that is determined depending on the regenerative electric energy.

14. The brake system according to claim 1,

wherein said first brake device includes:

(a) a brake cylinder;

(b) a hydraulic brake that is configured to restrict rotation of the first wheel by pressing a frictional engagement member against a brake rotary body rotatable integrally with the first wheel;

(c) a high pressure source that is to be activated by the electric energy supplied thereto from the power source device, so as to supply a highly pressurized working fluid to said brake cylinder; and

(d) a brake-hydraulic-pressure controlling portion that is to be activated by the electric energy supplied thereto from the power source device, so as to control hydraulic pressure of said brake cylinder by utilizing hydraulic pressure of said high pressure source,

wherein said high pressure source includes;

(i) an accumulator that is configured to store therein the working fluid such that the stored working fluid is pressurized;

(ii) a pump that is connected to said accumulator;

(iii) an electric pump motor that is configured to drive said pump; and

(iv) a pump-motor controlling portion that is configured to control said pump motor such that hydraulic pressure of the working fluid stored in said accumulator is held in a given range,

wherein said brake-hydraulic-pressure controlling portion includes;

(x) a pressure-increasing control valve that is disposed at least between said brake cylinder and said high pressure source; and

(y) a solenoid controlling portion that is configured to control hydraulic pressure of said brake cylinder, by controlling the electric energy supplied from the power source device to a solenoid of said pressure-increasing control valve, and

wherein said hydraulic brake is said first brake while said pump motor is said first actuator.

15. The brake system according to claim 1,

wherein said second brake device includes:

(a) an electric brake motor that is to be activated by the electric energy supplied from the power source device;

(b) a motion converting mechanism that is configured to convert a rotary motion of an output shaft of said brake motor into a linear motion of a pressing member;

(c) an electric friction brake that is configured to restrict the rotation of the second wheel, by causing a frictional engagement member to be pressed against a brake rotary body rotatable integrally with the second wheel by a forward force of said pressing member; and

(d) a brake-motor controlling portion that is configured to control the electric energy supplied from the power source device to said brake motor so as to control a pressing force by which said frictional engagement member is to be pressed against said brake rotary body, and

wherein said second actuator is said electric brake motor while said second brake is said electric friction brake.

16. A brake system comprising:

a first brake device including;

a first actuator that is at least one actuator to be activated by supply of an electric energy from a power source device installed in a vehicle; and

a first brake configured to restrict rotation of a first wheel that is at least one of a plurality of wheels of the vehicle, by utilizing an output of said first actuator;

a second brake device including;

a second actuator that is at least one actuator to be activated by supply of the electric energy from the power source device; and

a second brake configured to restrict rotation of a second wheel that is at least one of the plurality of wheels which is other than the first wheel, by utilizing an output of said second actuator;

a regenerative-electric-energy obtaining device configured to obtain a regenerative electric energy that is the electric energy returned to the power source device; and

an actuator control device configured to control said second actuator, such that the electric energy consumed by said second actuator is smaller when the regenerative electric energy obtained by said regenerative-electric-energy obtaining device is smaller than a given electric energy and said first actuator is in an activated state, than when the regenerative electric energy is not smaller than the given electric energy and/or said first actuator is not in the activated state,

wherein the first wheel is a front wheel of the vehicle while the second wheel is a rear wheel of the vehicle.

17. An actuator control device which is to be connected to a power source device installed in a vehicle, and which is configured to control a plurality of actuators that are to be activated by supply of an electric energy from the power source device, the vehicle including a regenerative brake device that is configured to convert a kinetic energy of at least one electric driving motor, into the electric energy, and to return the electric energy to the power source device, the regenerative brake device being configured to apply a regenerative braking force to at least one drive wheel of the vehicle, the at least one electric driving motor being connected to the at least one drive wheel,

said actuator control device comprising:

a regenerative-electric-energy obtaining device configured to obtain a regenerative electric energy that is the electric energy returned to the power source device; and

a saving-energy-type actuator controlling portion that is configured to control at least one of the plurality of actuators in a manner that maintains a state in which a total consumed electric energy including the electric energies consumed individually by the plurality of actuators is made smaller when the regenerative electric energy obtained by said regenerative-electric-energy obtaining device is small, than when the regenerative electric energy obtained by said regenerative-electric-energy obtaining device is large.

18. The actuator control device according to claim 17,

wherein one of the plurality of actuators is a pump motor that is configured to drive a pump for pumping a working fluid, pressurizing the pumped working fluid, and supplying the pressurized working fluid to an accumulator, and

wherein said saving-energy-type actuator controlling portion includes a pump-motor-priority consumed-electric-energy reducing portion that is configured to reduce the electric energy consumed by another of the plurality of actuators which is other than the pump motor without reducing the electric energy consumed by the pump motor.