COLORED ELECTROPHORETIC DISPLAYS
First Claim
1. An electrophoretic medium comprising a fluid and at least a first species of particles disposed in the fluid, the first species of particles being such that when a first addressing impulse is applied to the medium, the first species of particles move in one direction relative to the electric field, but when a second addressing impulse larger than the first addressing impulse but having the same polarity, is applied to the medium, the first species of particles move in the opposed direction relative to the electric field.
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Accused Products
Abstract
An electrophoretic medium comprises a fluid and at least one species of particles disposed, When a first addressing impulse is applied to the medium, the first species of particles move in one direction relative to the electric field, but when a second addressing impulse, larger than the first addressing impulse, is applied to the medium, the first species of particles move in the opposed direction relative to the electric field.
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Citations
30 Claims
- 1. An electrophoretic medium comprising a fluid and at least a first species of particles disposed in the fluid, the first species of particles being such that when a first addressing impulse is applied to the medium, the first species of particles move in one direction relative to the electric field, but when a second addressing impulse larger than the first addressing impulse but having the same polarity, is applied to the medium, the first species of particles move in the opposed direction relative to the electric field.
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17. A method of driving an electrophoretic medium comprising a fluid and at least a first species of particles disposed in the fluid, the method comprising:
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(a) applying a first addressing impulse to the medium, thereby causing the first species of particles to move in one direction relative to the electric field; and (b) applying a second addressing impulse, larger than the first addressing impulse but having the same polarity, to the medium, thereby causing the first species of particles to move in the opposed direction relative to the electric field. - View Dependent Claims (18, 19, 20, 21)
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- 22. An electrophoretic display capable of rendering multiple different colors, the display comprising an electrophoretic medium comprising a fluid and a plurality of particles disposed in the fluid, the display further comprising first and second electrodes disposed on opposed sides of the electrophoretic medium, wherein upon application of a first addressing impulse to the electrophoretic medium the particles move towards the first electrode, but upon application of a second addressing impulse, larger than, but of the same polarity as, the first addressing impulse, the particles move towards the second electrode.
- 25. An electrophoretic medium comprising a fluid and first, second and third species of particles disposed in the fluid, the first species of particles bearing charges of one polarity, and the second and third species of particles bearing charges of the opposite polarity, such that when a first addressing impulse is applied to the electrophoretic medium, the first and third species of particles move in one direction relative to the electric field and the second species of particles move in the opposed direction relative to the electric field, but when a second addressing impulse, larger than the first addressing impulse but of the same polarity, is applied to the electrophoretic medium, the first species of particles move in said one direction relative to the electric field, while the second and third species of particles move in said opposed direction relative to the electric field.
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27. An electrophoretic display capable of rendering multiple different colors, the display comprising an electrophoretic medium and first and second electrodes disposed on opposed sides of the electrophoretic medium, the electrophoretic medium comprising a fluid and a plurality of a first species of particles having a negative charge, a plurality of a second species of particles having a positive charge, and a plurality of a third species of particles having a positive charge, wherein the particle pair interactions, both Coulombic and attractive non-Coulombic, are less between the first species of particles and the second species of particles than between the first species of particles and the third species of particles, such that with a first addressing impulse the particles of the first and third species move towards the more positive electrode and the particles of the second species move towards the more negative electrode, but with a second addressing impulse larger than the first addressing impulse, the particles of the first species move towards the more positive electrode or remain in the vicinity of the more positive electrode and the particles of the third species move towards the more negative electrode, while the particles of the second species remain in the vicinity of the more negative electrode.
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28. An electrophoretic medium comprising a fluid, dyed a first color, and first, second and third species of particles disposed in the fluid, the first species of particles being light-scattering, and bearing charges of one polarity, while the second and third species of particles are non-light scattering, are of second and third colors respectively different from the first color and from each other, and bear charges of the opposite polarity, the characteristics of the first, second and third species of particles being such that the particle-particle interactions are less between the particles of the first species and the particles of the second species than between the particles of the first species and the particles of the third species, such that when a first addressing impulse is applied to the electrophoretic medium, the first and third species of particles move in one direction relative to the electric field and the second species of particles move in the opposed direction relative to the electric field, but when a second addressing impulse, larger than the first addressing impulse but of the same polarity is applied to the electrophoretic medium, the first species of particles move in said one direction relative to the electric field, while the second and third species of particles move in said opposed direction relative to the electric field, and when a third addressing impulse, larger than the second addressing impulse but of the same polarity is applied to the electrophoretic medium, the first species of particles move in said opposed direction relative to the electric field, while the second and third species of particles continue to move in said opposed direction relative to the electric field.
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29. An electrophoretic display capable of rendering multiple different colors, the display comprising an electrophoretic medium and first and second electrodes disposed on opposed sides of the electrophoretic medium, the electrophoretic medium comprising a fluid dyed a first color;
- a plurality of a first species of light-scattering particles having a negative charge;
a plurality of a second species of non-light scattering particles having a second color and a positive charge; and
a plurality of a third species of non-light-scattering particles having a third color and a positive charge, the particle pair interactions, both Coulombic and attractive non-Coulombic, being less between the first species of particles and the second species of particles than between the first species of particles and the third species of particles, such that when a first addressing impulse is applied to the display, the first and third species of particles move towards the more positive electrode and the pigment particles of the second type move towards the more negative electrode, but when a second addressing impulse, larger than the first addressing impulse, is applied to the display, the first species of particles move towards the more positive electrode or remain in the vicinity of the more positive electrode and the third species of particles move towards the more negative electrode, while the second species of particles remain in the vicinity of the more negative electrode, and when a third addressing impulse, larger than the second addressing impulse, is applied to the display, the first species of particles move towards the more negative electrode.
- a plurality of a first species of light-scattering particles having a negative charge;
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30. An electrophoretic medium comprising a fluid and at least one type of charged particle disposed in the fluid and capable of moving through the fluid when an electric field is applied to the medium, the medium further comprising a charge-control adjuvant capable of imparting a more positive charge to the charged particles, wherein the charge-control adjuvant is a metal salt of a carboxylic acid, wherein the metal is chosen from the group consisting of lithium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, rubidium, barium, zinc, copper, tin, titanium, manganese, iron, vanadium, and aluminum.
Specification