FUNCTIONALIZED MEDIA AND METHODS OF MAKING AND USING THEREFOR

• US 20150190780A1
• Filed: 01/20/2015
• Published: 07/09/2015
• Est. Priority Date: 07/20/2012
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Brown University
• Original Assignee: Brown University
• Inventors: Huang, Yongsong, Dillon, James
• Granted Patent: US 9,586,192 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 31/695 Silicon compounds
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 15/08 Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 15/3828 Ligand exchange chromatography, e.g. complexation, chelation or metal interaction chromatography
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 20/103 comprising silica
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 20/22 comprising organic material
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 20/281 Sorbents specially adapted for preparative, analytical or investigative chromatography
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 20/289 bonded via a spacer
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 20/3204 Inorganic carriers, supports or substrates
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 20/3219 involving a particular spacer or linking group, e.g. for attaching an active group
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 20/3246 having a well defined chemical structure
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 20/3248 the functional group or the linking, spacer or anchoring group as a whole comprising at least one type of heteroatom selected from a nitrogen, oxygen or sulfur, these atoms not being part of the carrier as such
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 20/3261 comprising a cyclic structure not containing any of the heteroatoms nitrogen, oxygen or sulfur, e.g. aromatic structures
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 20/3293 Coatings on a core, the core being particle or fiber shaped, e.g. encapsulated particles, coated fibers

Abstract

Methods, compositions, devices and kits are provided herein for separating, scavenging, capturing or identifying a metal from a target using a medium or scaffold with a selenium-containing functional group. The medium or the scaffold including the selenium-containing functional group has affinity and specificity to metal ions or compounds having one or more metals, and efficiently separates, recovers, and scavenges of the metals from a target such as a sample, solution, suspension, or mixture.

Claims

1. A composition for recovering, removing, or scavenging a metal from a target, the composition comprising:

a selenium-containing functional group immobilized or covalently bound to a medium, wherein the selenium-containing functional group selectively binds to the metal.

2. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the metal is selected from at least one of the group consisting of:

a toxic metal, a composite metal, a high value metal, a transition metal, a lanthanide metal, and an actinide metal.

3. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the metal is at least one selected from the group consisting of:

scandium, titanium, vanadium, chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc, yttrium, zirconium, niobium, molybdenum, technetium, ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, silver, cadmium, hafnium, tantalum, tungsten, rhenium, osmium, iridium, platinum, gold, mercury, actinium, rutherfordium, dubnium, seaborgium, bohrium, hassium, meitnerium, darmstadtium, and roentgenium.

4. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the medium comprises a chromatographic medium.

7. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the medium comprises at least one of:

a slide, a planar support medium, or a bead;

or the medium comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of;

silica, silica gel, alumina, polystyrene, agarose, modified polymeric resin, polymer fiber, cellulose, magnesium silicate, dextran, and starch.

9. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the selenium-containing functional group is linked to the medium by at least one spacer selected from the group consisting of:

a sulfur-containing functional group;

(C₁-C₁₈)alkyl, (C₁-C₁₈)alkoxy, (C₁-C₁₈)heteroalkyl, (C₆-C₁₀)aryl, (C₁-C₉)heteroaryl, and (C₆-C₁₀)aryl(C₁-C₆)alkyl and the selenium-containing functional group comprises a selenolate or a selenol, for example the selenol comprises a benzylesterselenol trimethoxysilane or a propylselenol trimethoxysilane.

10. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the composition forms an analytical component of a chromatography system selected from:

normal phase, reversed-phase, liquid, planar, column, flush, flash, thin layer, high performance liquid, gas, and solid phase extraction chromatography.

11. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the selenium-containing functional group effectively separates the metal from at least one selected from the group of:

a biological sample, suspension, a solution, a reaction mixture and metals having a different atomic mass.

5-6. -6. (canceled)

8. (canceled)

12-13. -13. (canceled)

14. A method for recovering, removing, or scavenging a metal from a target, the method comprising:

contacting the target containing the metal with a medium or a scaffold including a selenium-containing functional group, whereby the selenium-containing functional group specifically binds to the metal and separates the metal from at least one remaining component in the target; and

,

separating the medium or the scaffold from the target, wherein the target is a material, for example an aqueous material, a reaction mixture, a complex material, or a biological sample.

15. The method according to claim 14, wherein the metal is selected from the group of:

a toxic metal, a composite metal, a high value metal, a transition metal, a lanthanide metal, and an actinide metal, for example the metal is at least one selected from the group of;

scandium, titanium, vanadium, chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc, yttrium, zirconium, niobium, molybdenum, technetium, ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, silver, cadmium, hafnium, tantalum, tungsten, rhenium, osmium, iridium, platinum, gold, mercury, actinium, rutherfordium, dubnium, seaborgium, bohrium, hassium, meitnerium, darmstadtium, and roentgenium.

16. The method according to claim 14, wherein the medium or the scaffold comprises silica or is covalently linked or immobilized to the selenium-containing functional group by at least one spacer wherein the spacer is selected from the group consisting of:

(C₁-C₁₈)alkyl, (C₁-C₁₈)alkoxy, (C₁-C₁₈)heteroalkyl, (C₆-C₁₀)aryl, (C₁-C₉)heteroaryl, and (C₆-C₁₀)aryl(C₁-C₆)alkyl.

18. The method according to claim 14, wherein

contacting further comprises at least one step selected from the group of:

stirring, sonicating, and filtering.

19. The method according to claim 14, wherein, after contacting, the method further comprises washing or drying a resulting solid.

20. The method according to claim 14, wherein the contacting comprises adding at least one solvent selected from the group consisting of Ser. No. chloroform, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, diethyl ether, acetic acid, hexane, toluene, ethanol, acetone, methanol, tetrahydrofuran, dimethyl sulfoxide, acetonitrile, and a combination thereof.

23. The method according to claim 14, wherein

selenium-containing functional group is linked to the medium by a sulfur-containing functional group, for example a thiol or a thiolate.

24. The method according to claim 14, wherein prior to contacting, the method comprises reacting a selenium benzyl ester with at least one silane selected from:

3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-hydroxypropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysi lane, n-butyltrimethoxysilane, and 3-cyanopropyltrimethoxysilane to form the resulting selenium containing functional group.

26. The method according to claim 14, wherein the medium comprises an activated silica gel or the medium is selected from the group consisting of:

silica, silica gel, an activated silica gel, alumina, polystyrene, agarose, modified polymeric resin, cellulose, magnesium silicate, dextran, and starch.

17. (canceled)

21-22. -22. (canceled)

25. (canceled)

27. (canceled)

28. A kit for recovering, removing, or scavenging a metal from a target, the kit comprising:

a composition comprising a selenium-containing functional group immobilized or covalently bound to a medium, wherein the selenium-containing functional group selectively binds to the metal;

a container; and

,

instructions for use.

29. The kit according to claim 28, wherein the medium comprises a chromatographic medium or a bead and the medium is selected from the group consisting of:

silica gel, alumina, polystyrene, agarose, modified polymeric resin, cellulose, magnesium silicate, dextran, and starch.

33. The kit according to claim 28, wherein the metal is selected from the group of:

a toxic metal, a composite metal, a high value metal, a transition metal, a lanthanide metal, and an actinide metal or the metal is at least one selected from the group of;

scandium, titanium, vanadium, chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc, yttrium, zirconium, niobium, molybdenum, technetium, ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, silver, cadmium, hafnium, tantalum, tungsten, rhenium, osmium, iridium, platinum, gold, mercury, actinium, rutherfordium, dubnium, seaborgium, bohrium, hassium, meitnerium, darmstadtium, and roentgenium.

30-32. -32. (canceled)

34. (canceled)

35. A method for treating a subject exposed to at least one toxic metal, the method comprising:

contacting the subject with an atoxic composition containing;

a selenium-containing functional group and a medium attached to the selenium-containing functional group that specifically binds with high affinity to the metal, wherein the selenium-containing functional group comprises a selenolate or a selenol, for example a benzylesterselenol trimethoxysilane or a propylselenol trimethoxysilane;

identifying a reduction in at least one pathology symptom associated with the exposure to the metal, or detecting decreased presence of the metal in the subject or from a sample obtained from the subject, compared to prior to contacting; and

,

removing from the subject a complex of the metal bound to the composition and thereby treating the subject.

36. The method according to claim 35, wherein the metal is selected from the group of:

a composite metal, a high value metal, a transition metal, a lanthanide metal, and an actinide metal.

37. The method according to claim 35, wherein the composition is compounded in at least one form selected from the group consisting of:

a capsule, a tablet, a pill, a powder, a granule, a tubing, a solution, a suspension, and a suppository.

42. The method according to claim 35, wherein contacting the subject comprises administering the composition by a route selected from at least one of the group consisting of intramuscular, subcutaneous, intraperitoneal, intradermal, sublingual, intranasal, oral, and by dialysis.

43. The method according to claim 35, wherein

removing the metal using the composition separates the metal from at least one compound or metal having a different atomic mass.

38-41. -41. (canceled)

44. (canceled)

45. A device comprising

a composition for recovering, removing, or scavenging a metal from a target, the composition comprising:

a selenium-containing functional group immobilized or covalently bound to a medium, wherein the selenium-containing functional group selectively binds to the metal; and

a scaffold.

46-59. -59. (canceled)