NEAR FIELD COMMUNICATIONS (NFC) COIL AND PROXIMITY SENSOR FOR PORTABLE DEVICES

• US 20150333802A1
• Filed: 05/20/2015
• Published: 11/19/2015
• Est. Priority Date: 03/15/2012
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Apple Inc.
• Original Assignee: Intel Corporation
• Inventors: YANG, SONGNAN, KONANUR, ANAND S., KARACAOGLU, ULUN, HSU, HAO-HAN
• Granted Patent: US 9,444,522 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 7/10237 the reader and the record carrier being capable of selectively switching between reader and record carrier appearance, e.g. in near field communication [NFC] devices where the NFC device may function as an RFID reader or as an RFID tag
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 1/006 using switches for selecting the desired band H04B1/0057 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 5/22 Capacitive coupling
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 5/26 using coils
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 5/72 for local intradevice communication
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 5/73 for taking measurements, e.g. using sensing coils
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 5/75 for isolation purposes
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 2025/03375 Passband transmission
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 25/03006 Arrangements for removing intersymbol interference
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 4/80 Services using short range communication, e.g. near-field communication [NFC], radio-frequency identification [RFID] or low energy communication

Abstract

Described herein are techniques related to near field coupling and proximity sensing operations. For example, a proximity sensor uses a coil antenna that is utilized for near field communications (NFC) functions. The proximity sensor may be integrated into an NFC module to form a single module.

Claims

1. A method for proximity sensing comprising:

carrying, transmitting or receiving an electrical signal by an antenna, the electrical signal including a proximity sensing electrical signal and a near field communications (NFC) electrical signal;

isolating the proximity sensing electrical signal from the NFC electrical signal, the antenna is configured to include an open ended shape during proximity sensing operation, the antenna is configured to include a close ended shape during NFC operation;

performing an NFC operation utilizing the close ended shape antenna; and

performing a proximity sensing operation utilizing the open ended shape antenna.

2. A method as recited in claim 1, wherein isolating includes using a low pass filter between a proximity sensor and the open ended antenna to allow the proximity sensor to receive the proximity sensor electrical signal that includes a low frequency of operation, wherein the low pass filter is adapted to block the NFC electrical signal from the proximity sensor.

3. A method as recited in claim 1, wherein isolating includes using a high pass filter between a NFC module and the close ended antenna to allow the NFC module to receive the NFC electrical signal that includes a high frequency of operation, wherein the high pass filter is adapted to block the proximity sensing electrical signal from the NFC module.

4. A method as recited in claim 1, wherein the isolating includes using a NFC module and a proximity sensor, wherein the proximity sensor and the NFC module form a single module.

5. A method as recited in claim 1, wherein the antenna, a proximity sensor and a NFC module form a single module.

6. A method as recited in claim 1, wherein isolating includes using at least one passive device to separate the proximity sensing electrical signal from the NFC electrical signal, wherein the passive device includes a capacitor and/or a resistor.

7. A method as recited in claim 1, wherein isolating includes using active switches configured isolate the open ended antenna from a NFC module during the proximity sensing operation, wherein the active switches are further configured to allow the proximity sensing electrical signal to be received by a proximity sensor.

8. A method as recited in claim 1, wherein isolating includes using active switches configured to isolate the close ended antenna from a proximity sensor during the NFC operation, wherein the active switches are further adapted to allow the NFC electrical signal to be received by a NFC module.

9. A method as recited in claim 1, wherein isolating includes using active switches configured to switch back and forth in a time domain in performing the proximity sensing operation and the NFC operation.

10. A method as recited in claim 1, further comprising comparing input capacitance of the proximity sensing operation electrical signal with a threshold capacitance value, wherein the threshold capacitance value is used as a basis to adjust transceiver operation during wireless communication operations.

11. A method as recited in claim 1, wherein the antenna is a coil antenna.

12. A portable device comprising:

an antenna adapted to carry, transmit or receive an electrical signal, which includes a proximity sensing electrical signal and a near field communications (NFC) electrical signal;

one or more components adapted to isolate the proximity sensing electrical signal from the NFC electrical signal;

a NFC module adapted to process the NFC electrical signal, the NFC module utilizes the antenna to include a close ended antenna during NFC operation; and

a proximity sensor adapted to process the proximity sensing electrical signal, the proximity sensor uses the antenna to include an open ended antenna during proximity sensing operation.

13. A portable device as recited in claim 12, wherein the one or more components include a passive device that includes a low pass filter to allow the proximity sensor to receive and process the proximity sensor electrical signal that includes a low frequency of operation, wherein the low pass filter blocks the NFC electrical signal from the proximity sensor.

14. A portable device as recited in claim 12, wherein the one or more components include a passive device that includes a high pass filter to allow the NFC module to receive and process the NFC electrical signal that includes a high frequency of operation, wherein the high pass filter blocks the proximity sensing electrical signal from the NFC module.

15. A portable device as recited in claim 12, wherein the proximity sensor and the NFC module form a single module.

16. A portable device as recited in claim 12, wherein the antenna includes a multiple loop spiral shape antenna.

17. A portable device as recited in claim 12, wherein the one or more components include a passive device, the passive device includes at least a capacitor and/or a resistor.

18. A portable device as recited in claim 12, wherein the one or more components include active switches to isolate the open ended coil antenna from the NFC module during the proximity sensing operation, wherein the active switches allows the proximity sensing electrical signal to be received and processed by the proximity sensor.

19. A portable device as recited in claim 12, wherein the one or more components include active switches to isolate the close ended coil antenna from the proximity sensor during the NFC operation, wherein the active switches allows the NFC electrical signal to be received and processed by the NFC module.

20. A portable device as recited in claim 12, wherein the one or more components include active switches that are configured to switch back and forth in a time domain in performing the proximity sensing operation and the NFC operation.

21. A portable device as recited in claim 12, wherein the proximity sensor compares an input capacitance of the proximity sensing operation electrical signal with a threshold capacitance value, wherein the threshold capacitance value is used as a basis to adjust transceiver operation during wireless communication operations.

22. A portable device as recited in claim 12, wherein the antenna is a coil antenna.

23. At least one computer accessible medium that performs a method for proximity sensing comprising:

carrying, transmitting, or receiving an electrical signal by an antenna, the electrical signal includes a proximity sensing electrical signal and a near field communications (NFC) electrical signal;

isolating the proximity sensing electrical signal from the NFC electrical signal, the antenna includes an open ended shape during proximity sensing operation, the antenna includes a close ended shape during NFC operation;

performing the NFC operation utilizing the close ended shape antenna; and

performing the proximity sensing operation utilizing the open ended shape antenna.

24. A computer accessible medium as recited in claim 23, wherein the isolating includes using a low pass filter between a proximity sensor and the open ended coil antenna to allow the proximity sensor to receive the proximity sensor electrical signal that includes a low frequency of operation, wherein the low pass filter blocks the NFC electrical signal from the proximity sensor.

25. A computer accessible medium as recited in claim 23, wherein the isolating includes using a high pass filter between a NFC module and the close ended coil antenna to allow the NFC module to receive the NFC electrical signal that includes a high frequency of operation, wherein the high pass filter blocks the proximity sensing electrical signal from the NFC module.

26. A computer accessible medium as recited in claim 23, wherein the isolating includes using a NFC module and a proximity sensor, wherein the proximity sensor and the NFC module form a single module.

27. A computer accessible medium as recited in claim 23, wherein the antenna is configured to include a multiple loop spiral shape antenna.

28. A computer accessible medium as recited in claim 23, wherein the isolating includes using passive devices to separate the proximity sensing electrical signal from the NFC electrical signal, wherein the passive devices includes at least a capacitor and/or a resistor.

29. A computer accessible medium as recited in claim 23, wherein the isolating includes using active switches that isolate the open ended antenna from the NFC module during the proximity sensing operation, wherein the active switches allow the proximity sensing electrical signal to be received by the proximity sensor.

30. A computer accessible medium as recited in claim 23, wherein the isolating includes using active switches that isolate the close ended coil antenna from the proximity sensor during the NFC operation, wherein the active switches allows the NFC electrical signal to be received by the NFC module.

31. A computer accessible medium as recited in claim 23, wherein the isolating includes using active switches to switch back and forth in a time domain in performing the proximity sensing operation and the NFC operation.

33. A computer accessible medium as recited in claim 23, wherein the antenna is a coil antenna.

32. A computer accessible medium as recited in 23, further comprising comparing input capacitance of the proximity sensing operation electrical signal with a threshold capacitance value, wherein the threshold capacitance value is used as a basis to adjust transceiver operation during wireless communication operations.

34. A system comprising:

one or more processors;

memory configured to the one or more processors; and

a near field communications (NFC) component configured to the one or more processors and memory, adapted to process an NFC electrical signal from an antenna adapted to carry, transmit or receive an electrical signal, which includes a proximity sensing electrical signal and the near field communications (NFC) electrical signal, wherein the NFC component uses the antenna to include a close ended antenna during NFC operation; and

a proximity sensor component configured to the one or more processors and memory, adapted to process the proximity sensing electrical signal, the proximity sensor uses the antenna to include an open ended antenna during proximity sensing operation.

35. A system as recited in claim 34 further comprising a passive device of one or both of the following:

a low pass filter to allow the proximity sensor component to receive and process the proximity sensor electrical signal that includes a low frequency of operation, wherein the low pass filter blocks the NFC electrical signal from the proximity sensor; and

/or

a high pass filter to allow the NFC component to receive and process the NFC electrical signal that includes a high frequency of operation, wherein the high pass filter blocks the proximity sensing electrical signal from the NFC component.

36. A system as recited in claim 34, further comprising a passive device, wherein the passive device includes a capacitor and/or a resistor.

37. A system as recited in claim 34, further comprising active switches adapted to perform one of the following:

isolate the open ended antenna from the NFC component during the proximity sensing operation, wherein the active switches allows the proximity sensing electrical signal to be received and processed by the proximity sensor component;

isolate the close ended antenna from the proximity sensor component during the NFC operation, wherein the active switches allows the NFC electrical signal to be received and processed by the NFC component.

38. A system as recited in claim 34, further comprising one or more components adapted to isolate the proximity sensing electrical signal from the NFC electrical signal.

39. A system as recited in claim 34, wherein the antenna is included in a module that includes the NFC component and proximity sensor component.

40. A system as recited in claim 34, wherein the antenna is a coil antenna.