Bone Plate And Tracking Device Using A Bone Plate For Attaching To A Patient's Anatomy

• US 20160361101A1
• Filed: 08/26/2016
• Published: 12/15/2016
• Est. Priority Date: 01/16/2013
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: MAKO Surgical Corporation (Stryker Corporation)
• Original Assignee: MAKO Surgical Corporation (Stryker Corporation), Stryker Corporation
• Inventors: Perez, Timothy Wade, Moctezuma de la Barrera, Jose Luis, Malackowski, Donald W.
• Granted Patent: US 9,993,273 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/8028 Cushions, i.e. elements forming interface between bone plate and bone
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/8061 specially adapted for particular bones A61B17/70 and A61B17/74 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/809 with bone-penetrating elements, e.g. blades or prongs bone staples A61B17/0642; intramedullary nails with a plate at an end A61B17/7233
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2017/00119 alarm; indicating an abnormal situation
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2034/2055 Optical tracking systems
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2090/3983 Reference marker arrangements for use with image guided surgery
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 34/20 Surgical navigation systems; Devices for tracking or guiding surgical instruments, e.g. for frameless stereotaxis
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 34/30 Surgical robots
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 90/10 for stereotaxic surgery, e.g. frame-based stereotaxis

Abstract

A plate for attaching to an anatomic structure. The plate comprises a top surface opposite a bottom surface. An opening through the top and bottom surfaces is configured to receive a fastener to attach the plate to the anatomic structure. The plate comprises spikes configured to penetrate the anatomic structure. With the fastener, the spikes prevent rotational movement of the body relative to the anatomic structure. The bottom surface is concave between the spikes and defines a space configured to accommodate portions of the anatomic structure. Bone pad surfaces are configured to prevent further penetration of the spikes into the anatomic structure when in contact the same. A tracking device for a surgical navigational system can comprise a tracking head coupled to the plate with a mounting arm. The plate, when attached to the anatomic structure, prevents movement of the tracking device relative to the anatomic structure.

Claims

1. A plate for attaching to an anatomic structure with a fastener, said plate comprising:

a top surface and a bottom surface opposite said top surface with an opening extending through said top surface and said bottom surface and configured to receive the fastener; and

spikes configured to penetrate the anatomic structure and, in conjunction with the fastener, prevent rotational movement of said plate relative to the anatomic structure,

wherein said bottom surface is concave between said spikes and, when said plate is attached to the anatomic structure, defines a space configured to accommodate portions of the anatomic structure.

2. The plate of claim 1, wherein said top surface and said bottom surface define a generally triangular shape of said plate.

3. The plate of claim 1, wherein said plate includes side surfaces extending between said top and bottom surfaces, each of said spikes being proximate to an intersection of two of said side surfaces.

4. The plate of claim 1, wherein each of said spikes are an integral extension of said bottom surface.

5. The plate of claim 4, wherein said spikes each comprise a sharp tip and a gradual taper to said sharp tip.

6. The plate of claim 5, wherein said bottom surface extends arcuately along each of said spikes to said sharp tips.

7. The plate of claim 1, wherein said concave bottom surface has a radius of curvature between five millimeters and fifty millimeters.

8. The plate of claim 1, wherein said top surface is concave with a radius of curvature between five millimeters and fifty millimeters.

9. The plate of claim 1, further comprising side surfaces between said top and bottom surfaces, and an axis equidistant from said side surfaces and normal to said top surface and said bottom surface, said axis defining a center of said plate with a plurality of said openings spaced equidistant from said axis.

10. The plate of claim 9, wherein said openings are radially spaced equally about said axis.

11. The plate of claim 9, wherein said spikes are radially spaced equally about said axis.

12. The plate of claim 11, wherein a center of each of said openings and a corresponding one of said spikes are positioned on one of a radial axis extending radially through said axis and one of said spikes.

13. The plate of claim 12, wherein an angle between an adjacent two of said radial axes is 120 degrees.

14. The plate of claim 10 wherein at least one of said openings is oriented normal to said top surface and said bottom surface and configured to receive the fastener at an incline relative to the anatomic structure so as to prevent pull-out of the fastener from the anatomic structure.

15. The plate of claim 2, wherein said generally triangular shape is an equilateral triangle.

16. The plate of claim 14, further comprising a center opening coaxial with said axis, said center opening configured to receive an additional fastener.

17. The plate of claim 16, wherein said additional fastener is oriented substantially perpendicular to the anatomic structure.

20. The plate of claim 1, further comprising bone pad surfaces configured to prevent further penetration of said spikes into the anatomic structure when said bone pad surfaces contact the anatomic structure, wherein each of said spikes comprises a base coupled to and extending away from said bone pad surface, and a sharp tip.

21. The plate of claim 20, wherein said spikes and said bottom surface are separated by said bone pad surfaces configured to prevent said plate from penetrating the anatomic structure.

22. The plate of claim 20, wherein said bone pad surfaces, when in contact with the anatomic structure, prevent decrease of said space defined by said concave bottom surface between said spikes.

23. The plate of claim 20, wherein said bone pad surfaces are oriented at an obtuse angle relative to said bottom surface at said bone pad surface.

24. The plate of claim 20, wherein each of said spikes comprises a substantially pyramidal shape having four inclined surfaces tapering to said sharp tip.

25. The plate of claim 24, wherein one of said inclined surfaces is integral and continuous with said bottom surface.

26. The plate of claim 24, wherein three of said four inclined surfaces are adjacent to one of said bone pad surfaces, and wherein a remaining one of said four inclined surfaces is integral and continuous with said bottom surface.

27. The plate of claim 24, wherein said four inclined surfaces are adjacent to one of said bone pad surfaces.

28. The plate of claim 20, wherein said spikes each comprise an outer surface, wherein a portion of said outer surface is integral and continuous with said bottom surface, and wherein a remaining portion of said outer surface is adjacent to one of said bone pad surfaces.

29. The plate of claim 20, wherein said spikes each comprise a tilt axis extending from a center of said base to said sharp tip, wherein said tilt axis is oriented at an acute angle relative to vertical such that said sharp tip is angled away from said intersection and configured to protect a user during handling of said plate.

30. The plate of claim 20, wherein said bone pad surfaces are substantially planar.

31. The plate of claim 20, wherein said bone pad surfaces are configured to be substantially parallel to the anatomic structure when said plate is attached to the anatomic structure.

18. A tracking device for a surgical navigational system, said device comprising:

a tracking head comprising tracking elements configured to transmit tracking information to the surgical navigation system;

an extension arm comprising a mounting end and a base plate and coupled to said tracking head at said mounting end;

a plate coupled to said extension arm at said base plate and comprising;

a top surface and a bottom surface opposite said top surface with an opening extending through said top surface and said bottom surface and configured to receive a fastener; and

spikes configured to penetrate the anatomic structure and, in conjunction with the fastener, prevent movement of said tracking device relative to the anatomic structure,

wherein said bottom surface is concave between said spikes and, when said plate is attached to the anatomic structure, defines a space configured to accommodate portions of the anatomic structure.

19. The tracking device of claim 18, wherein said plate further comprises a recess within said top surface to couple to said base plate of said extension arm and prevent rotation of said extension arm relative to said plate when said extension arm and said plate are coupled.