Shared Electrode Battery

• US 20170162899A1
• Filed: 12/04/2015
• Published: 06/08/2017
• Est. Priority Date: 12/04/2015
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Microsoft Technology Licensing LLC (Microsoft Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Microsoft Technology Licensing LLC (Microsoft Corporation)
• Inventors: Horvitz, Eric, Priyantha, Nissanka Arachchige Bodhi, Dekmezian, Christopher, Chandra, Ranveer, Badam, Anirudh, Meinershagen, Julia L.
• Granted Patent: US 9,793,570 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/02 Details of electrodes H01M4/00; of non-active parts H01M50/00
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/0445 Multimode batteries, e.g. containing auxiliary cells or electrodes switchable in parallel or series connections
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/052 Li-accumulators
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/058 Construction or manufacture
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/425 Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing printed circuits H05K1/00
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 2010/4271 Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 2220/30 Batteries in portable systems, e.g. mobile phone, laptop
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 6/5005 Auxiliary electrodes
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/10 Energy storage using batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02P 70/50 Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Abstract

A shared electrode battery includes multiple electrodes of one type (e.g., two or more cathodes) that share an electrode of another type (e.g., a shared anode). The multiple electrodes of the same type (e.g., the multiple cathodes) can have different characteristics, such as different chemistries, particle sizes and distributions, capacities, and so forth that are designed to provide particular features such as high energy density, high power density, high cycle life, fast charge, safety, and so forth. Multiple cathode-anode pairings of one of the multiple electrodes of the same type with the shared electrode are possible. Switching hardware is operable to select one of the multiple pairings at any given time, allowing the battery to provide power using the cathode having the desired characteristics at that given time. A single battery is thus able to provide these multiple different features.

Claims

1. A system comprising:

a battery including a shared anode, a first cathode, and a second cathode; and

switching hardware operable to selectively activate one of multiple cathode-anode pairings, a first of the multiple cathode-anode pairings including the shared anode and the first cathode, and a second of the multiple cathode-anode pairings including the shared anode and the second cathode.

2. A system as recited in claim 1, further comprising one or more additional cathodes, the multiple cathode-anode pairings including, for each of the one or more additional cathodes, the shared anode and the additional cathode.

3. A system as recited in claim 1, further comprising a first separator situated between the first cathode and the shared anode to allow ions to flow between the first cathode and the shared anode but to prevent mixing of cathode material and electrolyte in the first cathode with anode material and electrolyte in the shared anode.

4. A system as recited in claim 3, further comprising a second separator situated between the second cathode and the shared anode to allow ions to flow between the second cathode and the shared anode but to prevent mixing of cathode material and electrolyte in the second cathode with anode material and electrolyte in the shared anode.

5. A system as recited in claim 1, the system comprising a computing device.

6. A system as recited in claim 1, only one of the multiple cathode-anode pairings being activated at any given time.

7. A system as recited in claim 1, the system further comprising a power manager configured to:

analyze one or more factors regarding the system and/or the shared electrode battery to determine an operational context of the system; and

select one of the multiple cathode-anode pairings to activate at a particular time based on the determined operational context.

8. A system as recited in claim 1, the battery comprising a single electrochemical cell having a prismatic or polymer form factor.

9. A shared electrode battery comprising:

a first electrode of a first type;

a second electrode of the first type;

a third electrode of a second type, the third electrode comprising a shared electrode;

a first separator between the first electrode and the third electrode to prevent mixing of electrode material of the first electrode with electrode material of the third electrode, but to allow ions to flow between the first electrode and the third electrode in response to activation of a cathode-anode pairing including the first electrode and the third electrode; and

a second separator between the second electrode and the third electrode to prevent mixing of electrode material of the second electrode with electrode material of the third electrode, but to allow ions to flow between the second electrode and the third electrode in response to activation of a cathode-anode pairing including the second electrode and the third electrode.

10. A shared electrode battery as recited in claim 9, the first electrode of the first type comprising a cathode, the second electrode of the first type comprising a cathode, and the third electrode of the second type comprising an anode.

11. A shared electrode battery as recited in claim 9, the first electrode of the first type comprising an anode, the second electrode of the first type comprising an anode, and the third electrode of the second type comprising a cathode.

12. A shared electrode battery as recited in claim 9, further comprising:

one or more additional electrodes of the first type; and

one or more additional separators each to prevent mixing of electrode material of one of the one or more additional electrodes with electrode material of the third electrode, but to allow ions to flow between one of the additional electrodes and the third electrode in response to activation of a cathode-anode pairing including the one of the additional electrodes and the third electrode.

13. A shared electrode battery as recited in claim 9, further comprising:

one or more additional electrodes of the second type; and

one or more additional separators each to prevent mixing of electrode material of one of the one or more additional electrodes with electrode material of the first electrode, but to allow ions to flow between one of the additional electrodes and the first electrode in response to activation of a cathode-anode pairing including the one of the additional electrodes and the first electrode.

14. A shared electrode battery as recited in claim 9, only one of the multiple cathode-anode pairings being activated at any given time.

15. A shared electrode battery as recited in claim 9, further comprising:

multiple electrodes of the first type, the multiple electrodes of the first type including the first electrode and the second electrode;

multiple electrodes of the second type, the multiple electrodes of the second type including the third electrode;

at least one of the multiple electrodes of the second type comprising a shared electrode that can be part of multiple cathode-anode pairings with at least two of the multiple electrodes of the first type; and

at least one of the multiple electrodes of the first type comprising a shared electrode that can be part of the multiple cathode-anode pairings with at least two of the multiple electrodes of the second type, only one of the multiple cathode-anode pairings being activated at any given time.

16. A method comprising:

analyzing one or more factors regarding a battery-powered device to determine an operational context for the battery-powered device, the battery-powered device including a shared electrode battery having a first electrode of a first type, a second electrode of the first type, and a third electrode of a second type, the third electrode comprising a shared electrode;

selecting one of multiple cathode-anode pairings for the shared electrode battery to activate at a particular time based on the operational context; and

causing at least one switch of a circuit to be closed to activate the selected cathode-anode pairing of the shared electrode battery, a first of the multiple cathode-anode pairings including the shared electrode and the first electrode, and a second of the multiple cathode-anode pairings including the shared electrode and the second electrode.

17. A method as recited in claim 16, the method further comprising causing at least one switch of the circuit to be opened so that only one of the multiple cathode-anode pairings is activated at any given time.

18. A method as recited in claim 16, the selecting comprising determining which of the multiple cathode-anode pairings provides a desired one or more features based on the one or more factors.

19. A method as recited in claim 16, the selecting further comprising applying a switching policy for the shared electrode battery, based on the operational context, to select one of the multiple cathode-anode pairings.

20. A method as recited in claim 16, the first electrode of the first type comprising a cathode, the second electrode of the first type comprising a cathode, and the third electrode of the second type comprising an anode.