MULTI-PULSE CONSTANT VOLTAGE TRANSFORMER FOR A VARIABLE SPEED DRIVE IN CHILLER APPLICATIONS

• US 20190006976A1
• Filed: 09/10/2018
• Published: 01/03/2019
• Est. Priority Date: 02/03/2014
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Johnson Controls Tyco IP Holdings LLP (Johnson Controls International plc)
• Original Assignee: Johnson Controls Technology Company (Johnson Controls International plc)
• Inventors: Wu, Zhiqiao, Hansen, John C.
• Granted Patent: US 10,707,800 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• CPC Class Codes: F25B 49/025 Motor control arrangements
• CPC Class Codes: H01F 30/14 for changing the number of phases
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 1/14 Arrangements for reducing ripples from dc input or output
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 7/068 mounted on a transformer
• CPC Class Codes: H02P 13/06 by tap-changing; by rearranging interconnections of windings
• CPC Class Codes: H02P 27/047 V/F converter, wherein the voltage is controlled proportionally with the frequency

Abstract

A multi-pulse transformer with multiple taps provides a constant magnitude voltage output to a variable speed chiller'"'"'s compressor motor over a range of input voltages. The 3-phase transformer includes primary windings and a plurality of secondary windings. The secondary windings are electromagnetically coupled with the associated primary winding. The primary windings include taps for receiving multiple input AC voltages and the secondary windings have a single output terminal for supplying a predetermined output voltage which, after rectification produces a DC multi-pulse waveform for powering a DC link of a variable speed drive. Alternatively the 3-phase transformer includes multiple taps on the secondary windings. Each of the primary windings has a terminal for receiving an input AC voltage. The taps of the secondary windings provide an output voltage that is converted to a multi-pulse waveform for powering a DC link of a variable speed drive.

Claims

1. A variable speed drive system, comprising:

a multiple pulse transformer connected to a three-phase AC power source configured to provide an input AC voltage;

a converter configured to convert the input AC voltage to a DC voltage;

a DC link connected to the converter, wherein the DC link is configured to filter and store the DC voltage from the converter; and

an inverter connected to the DC link, wherein the inverter is configured to convert the DC voltage from the DC link into output AC power having a variable voltage and a variable frequency;

wherein the multiple pulse transformer comprises;

three primary windings, each of the primary windings connected to a phase of the three-phase AC power source, each of the primary windings comprising a plurality of input terminals, wherein a first input terminal of the plurality of input terminals is wound for a first utility voltage available at the three-phase AC power source and a second input terminal of the plurality of input terminals is wound for a second utility voltage available at the three-phase AC power source, and wherein the first utility voltage is different than the second utility voltage; and

a plurality of secondary windings, each secondary winding comprising three phase windings, respectively.

2. The variable speed drive system of claim 1, wherein the multiple pulse transformer comprises a multiple pulse isolation transformer.

3. The variable speed drive system of claim 1, wherein each phase winding of each respective secondary winding comprises a predetermined phase shift with respect to a corresponding phase winding of the remaining secondary windings.

4. The variable speed drive system of claim 3, wherein the plurality of secondary windings comprises a first secondary winding, a second secondary winding, and a third secondary winding, and the first secondary winding comprises a phase angle shift of −

θ

with respect to the second secondary winding, and a phase angle shift of +θ

with respect to the third secondary winding.

5. The variable speed drive system of claim 4, wherein the converter is configured to rectify nine sinusoidal output voltage waves from the plurality of secondary windings to generate an 18-pulse DC waveform supplied to the DC link.

6. The variable speed drive system of claim 4, wherein each secondary winding of the plurality of secondary windings is configured to generate a sinusoidal output voltage wave comprising 12-pulses and 6-phases to achieve a predetermined ripple factor at the DC link.

7. The variable speed drive system of claim 4, wherein each secondary winding of the plurality of secondary windings is configured to generate a sinusoidal output voltage wave comprising 24-pulses and 12-phases to achieve a predetermined ripple factor at the DC link.

8. The variable speed drive system of claim 1, wherein the first utility voltage is 575 Volts, the second utility voltage is 460 Volts, and a third input terminal of the plurality of input terminals is wound for a third utility voltage at the three-phase AC power source, wherein the third utility voltage is 400 to 415 Volts, and wherein any of the respective voltage levels may be applied at the respective input terminals to provide a fixed secondary voltage at output terminals of the associated secondary windings.

9. The variable speed drive system of claim 1, comprising a control panel configured to output a control signal to the variable speed drive system to adjust the output AC power based on feedback indicative of a condition of a vapor compression system.

10. The variable speed drive system of claim 9, wherein the feedback indicative of the condition of the vapor compression system comprises a load condition of a compressor of the vapor compression system.

11. A variable speed drive system, comprising:

a multiple pulse transformer connected to a three-phase AC power source configured to provide input AC voltage;

a converter configured to convert the input AC voltage to a DC voltage;

a DC link connected to the converter, wherein the DC link is configured to filter and store the DC voltage from the converter;

an inverter connected to the DC link, wherein the inverter is configured to convert the DC voltage from the DC link into output AC power having a variable voltage and a variable frequency; and

a control panel configured to output a control signal to the variable speed drive system to adjust the output AC power based on feedback indicative of a condition of a vapor compression system;

wherein the multiple pulse transformer comprises;

three primary windings, each of the primary windings connected to a phase of the three-phase AC power source, each of the primary windings comprising a plurality of input terminals for connection to the three-phase AC power source, wherein a first input terminal of the plurality of input terminals is wound for a first utility voltage available at the three-phase AC power source, and a second input terminal of the plurality of input terminals is wound for a second utility voltage available at the three-phase AC power source, and wherein the first utility voltage is different than the second utility voltage; and

a plurality of secondary phase windings, each secondary phase winding having multiple voltage output terminals.

12. The variable speed drive system of claim 11, wherein the multiple pulse transformer comprises a multiple pulse isolation transformer.

13. The variable speed drive system of claim 11, wherein each secondary phase winding of the plurality of secondary phase windings has a phase angle shift of θ

with respect to a first adjacent secondary phase winding and has a phase angle shift of −

θ

with respect to a second adjacent secondary winding.

14. The variable speed drive system of claim 13, wherein the phase angle shift between each of the secondary phase windings of the plurality of secondary phase windings generates nine sinusoidal voltage waves at the multiple voltage output terminals respectively of the secondary phase windings.

15. The variable speed drive system of claim 14, wherein the phase angle shift between each of the secondary phase windings of the plurality of secondary phase windings is about 40°

angle of separation between sinusoidal voltage waves.

16. The variable speed drive system of claim 14, wherein the converter is configured to rectify the nine sinusoidal output voltage waves to generate an 18-pulse DC waveform supplied to the DC link.

17. The variable speed drive system of claim 14, wherein the multiple voltage output terminals are arranged to output 575 Volts on at least one of the multiple voltage output terminals.

18. A chiller system, comprising:

a refrigerant circuit comprising compressor, a condenser, and an evaporator connected in a closed refrigerant loop; and

a multiple pulse transformer comprising three primary windings connected to a three-phase AC power source and a plurality of secondary windings connected to a variable speed drive to power a motor of the compressor,

wherein each of the primary windings comprises a plurality of input terminals for connection to the three-phase AC power source, wherein a first input terminal of the plurality of input terminals is wound for a first utility voltage available at the three-phase AC power source, and a second input terminal of the plurality of input terminals is wound for a second utility voltage available at the three-phase AC power source, and wherein the first utility voltage is different than the second utility voltage.

19. The chiller system of claim 18, wherein the multiple pulse transformer comprises a multiple pulse isolation transformer.

20. The chiller system of claim 18, wherein the first utility voltage is 575 Volts, the second utility voltage is 460 Volts, and a third input terminal of the plurality of input terminals is wound for a third utility voltage at the three-phase AC power source, wherein the third utility voltage is 400 to 415 Volts.