Pacemaker with biofuel cell
First Claim
1. In a heart pacemaker which includes a stimulating electrode and counter electrode, a pulse generator and an implantable glucose-oxygen biofuel cell as the energy supply, the improvement comprising a glucose electrode in the biofuel cell which has an area larger than that of the stimulating electrode and wherein the stimulating electrode is electrically connected to the glucose electrode so as to be at essentially the same potential as the glucose electrode.
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Abstract
An improved heart pacemaker of the type which includes a stimulating electrode and a counter electrode, a pulse generator and which has an implantable glucose/oxygen biofuel cell as an energy supply, in which pacemaker the area of the glucose electrode of the biofuel cell is made larger than that of the stimulating electrode and the stimulating electrode is in electrically conductive connection with the glucose electrode and thus at the same potential.
115 Citations
9 Claims
- 1. In a heart pacemaker which includes a stimulating electrode and counter electrode, a pulse generator and an implantable glucose-oxygen biofuel cell as the energy supply, the improvement comprising a glucose electrode in the biofuel cell which has an area larger than that of the stimulating electrode and wherein the stimulating electrode is electrically connected to the glucose electrode so as to be at essentially the same potential as the glucose electrode.
Specification