Optical system for 360.degree. annular image transfer

• US 4,012,126 A
• Filed: 04/08/1974
• Issued: 03/15/1977
• Est. Priority Date: 04/08/1974
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: the united states of america as represented by the secretary of the navy
• Original Assignee: the united states of america as represented by the secretary of the navy
• Inventors: Dykes, Wiley V., Rosendahl, Gottfried R.
• Primary Examiner(s): Corbin, John K.
• Application Number:
  US05/458,610
• Time in Patent Office: 1,072 Days
• Field of Search: 350/198, 350/199, 350/21, 350/27, 350/200
• US Class Current: 359/725
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 13/06 Panoramic objectives; So-called "sky lenses" including panoramic objectives having reflecting surfaces

Abstract

An optical system for 360° image transfer in which spaced primary secondary hyperbolically surfaced mirrors are combined with a refractive lens system and are held in spaced relation by a transparent envelope having inner and outer surfaces generated from the near focal point of the primary mirror to avoid ray pass through distortion, and in which the mirrors are so spaced and concentrically arranged that the entrance pupil of the lens system coincides with the near focal point of the primary mirror, which is centrally apertured to form an aperture stop (diaphragm), and the near focal point of the secondary mirror approximates the apex of the primary mirror, the far focal points of the mirrors coinciding to form a confocal set of mirrors.

Claims

1. An opticl system of 360°

annular image transfer comprising;

spaced primary and secondary hyperbolically surfaced mirrors each having near and far focal points, said primary mirror having an apex;

said primary mirror being formed with a relatively small radius of curvature and small eccentricity in relation to said secondary mirror such that the angle difference between different rays accompanying and parallel to a chief ray in object space and in meridional plane becomes negligible;

an envelope of optically suitable transparent material having an outer and inner surface generated in symmetry from said near focal point of said primary mirror and attached to said mirrors to hold the same in spaced axial symmetry;

a refraction lens system of positive and negative lens components;

said primary and secondary mirrors and said lens system constituting a total optical system having an entrance pupil;

said mirrors being faced with the mirrored surfaces toward each other and held in a spaced relationship by said envelope such that said entrance pupil of said total optical system coincides with the near focal point of said primary mirror, the near focal point of said secondary mirror approximates the apex of said primary mirror, and the far focal points of said mirrors coincide to form a confocal set of mirrors;

said primary mirror being centrally apertured to form an aperture stop to pass reflected light rays to said refraction lens system;

said refracrtive lens system including a heat resistant lens component of negative power between 0.75 and 1.25 of the overall power of the refractive system positioned in the immediate area of said aperture stop to provide a strong positive contribution to Petzval curvature of the system; and

three successive groups of lenses to respectively bend the chief rays toward the opticl axis of the lens system into approximately parallel position thereto, to provide correction for axial color and color magnification and finally to bring the light rays back to the image plane.

2. Apparatus according to claim 1, including

housing means having an annulus support connected to said envelope, to said primary mirror, and to said refraction lens system to support the same in symmetry about an axis passing through the image plane of said lens system.

3. Apparatus according to claim 2,

said housing means having an externally threaded portion to act as a male component in the connection of said apparatus selectively to a camera or projector means and provide in such connection, means for adjusting the focus of said lens system.