Compensated vehicle heading system

• US 4,032,758 A
• Filed: 11/05/1975
• Issued: 06/28/1977
• Est. Priority Date: 11/05/1975
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: The Boeing Co.
• Original Assignee: The Boeing Co.
• Inventors: Lewis, Richard W.
• Primary Examiner(s): Morrison, Malcolm A.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Krass, Errol A.
• Application Number:
  US05/629,119
• Time in Patent Office: 601 Days
• Field of Search: 235/150.2, 235/150.26, 235/150.25, 235/150.27, 235/92 N, 235/92 MS, 235/92 EV, 235/92 CA, 235/92 DM, 33/317 D, 33/319, 33/326, 73/178 R, 180/79.1, 180/98, 244/50, 244/175, 244/189, 318/580, 318/587, 114/144 E, 340/146.2, 340/53, 335/296, 346/8
• US Class Current: 701/224
• CPC Class Codes: G01C 21/04 by terrestrial means G01C21/24, G01C21/26 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G01C 21/28 with correlation of data from several navigational instruments
• CPC Class Codes: G01C 22/025 Differential odometers
• CPC Class Codes: G01P 3/60 by measuring or comparing frequency of generated currents or voltages frequency comparators H03K5/26
• CPC Class Codes: G05D 1/0259 using magnetic or electromagnetic means
• CPC Class Codes: G05D 1/027 comprising intertial navigation means, e.g. azimuth detector inertial navigation G01C21/16; inertial navigation combined with non-inertial navigation instruments G01C21/165
• CPC Class Codes: G05D 1/0272 comprising means for registering the travel distance, e.g. revolutions of wheels measuring distance traversed on the ground by vehicles, e.g. using odometers G01C22/00

Abstract

A compensated vehicle heading system wherein magnetic heading information is combined with heading information determined by sensing vehicle dynamic movement to provide augmented heading information is disclosed. The magnetic heading information is provided by a magnetic heading sensor. The heading information determined by sensing vehicle dynamic movement is provided by a vehicle dynamic system that senses vehicle direction changes. In one form, the vehicle dynamic system includes magnetic sensors mounted so as to sense the speed of rotation of the undriven wheels of a land vehicle and generate pulse chains in accordance therewith. These pulse chains are scaled and applied to an UP/DN counter. The output of the UP/DN counter is continuously compared with the magnetic heading information and the results of the comparisons control the gating of a trickle pulse addition to the scaled pulse chains applied to the UP/DN counter. The thusly controlled output of the UP/DN counter is the augmented heading information. The trickle pulses are created by dividing the pulse chain related to one of the undriven wheels by a predetermined factor. In addition, the UP/DN counter is set to the magnetic heading state when the system is initially activated. Further, errors are prevented by interconnecting the pulse chains such that no more than one pulse can be gated to the UP/DN counter from a particular wheel when the other wheel stops producing pulses.

Claims

1. A compensated vehicle heading system for use with a land vehicle including at least one undriven wheel, said compensated vehicle heading system comprising:

a magnetic heading sensor for magnetically sensing the heading of a vehicle and generating a first heading signal in accordance therewith;

a vehicle dynamic heading sensor for sensing changes in the direction of a vehicle by sensing the dynamic movement of the vehicle and generating a second heading signal in accordance therewith, said vehicle dynamic heading sensor including a first rotation sensing means for sensing the rotation of said at least one undriven wheel;

comparison means connected so as to receive said first and second heading signals for comparing said first and second heading signals and generating an output denoting whether or not said signals are different, and, if so, which signal is greater; and

,

control means connected to said comparison means and to said vehicle dynamic heading sensor for increasing or decreasing the magnitude of said second heading signal in accordance with the output of said comparison means so as to move said second heading signal toward said first heading signal.

2. A compensated vehicle heading system as claimed in claim 1 wherein:

said first and second heading signals are digital signals; and

,

said comparison means is a digital comparator having a first output indicating that said first heading signal is greater than said second heading signal and a second output indicating that said first heading signal is less than said second heading signal.

3. A compensated vehicle heading system as claimed in claim 2 wherein said land vehicle includes a second undriven wheel and wherein said vehicle dynamic heading sensor includes a second rotation sensing means for sensing the rotation of said second undriven wheel.

4. A compensated vehicle heading system as claimed in claim 3 wherein said vehicle dynamic sensor includes:

scaling means connected to said first and second rotation sensing means for scaling the output thereof; and

,

an up/down counter connected to said scaling means for counting up in accordance with the output of one of said rotation sensing means and down in accordance with the output of the other of said rotation sensing means, the output of said up/down counter being connected to one input of said comparison means.

5. A compensated vehicle heading system as claimed in claim 4 including a pulse shaper and inhibitor connected between the output of said scaling means and the input of said up/down counter.

6. A compensated vehicle heading system as claimed in claim 5 wherein each of said first and second rotation sensing means includes a magnetic sensor mounted so as to sense the rotation of its respective one of said pair of undriven wheels.

7. A compensated vehicle heading system as claimed in claim 6 wherein said control means includes:

a divider connected to receive the output of one of said magnetic sensors and provide, in accordance with said output, a trickle pulse count; and

,

a selector, said selector connected to receive the outputs of said comparator and, in accordance therewith, apply said trickle count to one of said up and down inputs of said up/down counter.

8. A compensated vehicle heading system as claimed in claim 2 wherein said vehicle dynamic sensor includes an up/down counter connected to receive said first and second heading signals for counting in one direction in accordance with the occurrence of pulses in said first heading signal and in the other direction in accordance with the occurrance of pulses in said second heading signal, the output of said up/down counter being connected to one input of said comparison means.

9. A compensated vehicle heading system as claimed in claim 8 wherein said control means includes:

a divider connected to receive one of said first and second heading signals and provide a trickle pulse count; and

,

a selector, said selector connected to receive the output of said comparator and, in accordance therewith, apply said trickle count to one of said up and down inputs of said up/down counter.

10. A compensated vehicle heading system as claimed in claim 3 wherein each of said first and second rotation sensing means includes a magnetic sensor mounted so as to sense the rotation of its respective one of said pair of undriven wheels.

11. A compensated vehicle heading system as claimed in claim 1 wherein said vehicle dynamic heading sensor also includes:

an accelerometer mounted on said vehicle for detecting the acceleration of said vehicle along a predetermined axis and producing an output whose magnitude is related to the magnitude of the acceleration sensed by said accelerometer and whose direction is related to the direction of the acceleration sensed by said accelerometer; and

,

an analog-to-digital converter having an output control input connected to the output of said accelerometer and a rate control input connected to the output of said rotation sensing means, said analog-to-digital converter having selectable left and right outputs, which of said outputs is selected being determined by the direction of the acceleration sensed by said accelerometer as denoted by the direction of the output of said accelerometer.

12. A compensated vehicle heading system as claimed in claim 11 wherein:

said first and second heading signals are digital signals; and

,

said comparison means is a digital comparator having a first output indicating that said first heading signal is greater than said second heading signal and a second output indicating that said first heading signal is less than said second heading signal.

13. A compensated vehicle heading system as claimed in claim 12 wherein said vehicle dynamic sensor includes an up/down counter connected to said analog-to-digital converter for counting up in accordance with one output of said analog-to-digital converter and down in accordance with the other output of said analog-to-digital converter, the output of said up/down counter being connected to one input of said comparison means.

14. A compensated vehicle heading system as claimed in claim 13 including a scaling means, and a pulse shaper and inhibitor all connected between the output of said analog-to-digital converter and the input of said up/down counter.

15. A compensated vehicle heading system as claimed in claim 14 wherein said rotation sensing means includes a magnetic sensor mounted so as to sense the rotation of said at least one wheel.

16. A compensated vehicle heading system as claimed in claim 15 wherein said control means includes:

a divider connected to receive the output of said magnetic sensor and provide a trickle pulse count; and

,

a selector, said selector connected to receive the outputs of said comparator and, in accordance therewith, apply said trickle count to one of said up and down inputs of said up/down counter.