Body tissue stimulation apparatus with warning device

• US 4,140,131 A
• Filed: 11/03/1976
• Issued: 02/20/1979
• Est. Priority Date: 11/03/1976
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Medtronic Incorporated (Medtronic Plc)
• Original Assignee: Medtronic Incorporated (Medtronic Plc)
• Inventors: Citron, Paul, Dutcher, Robert G., Jirak, Thomas L.
• Primary Examiner(s): Kamm, William E.
• Application Number:
  US05/738,298
• Time in Patent Office: 839 Days
• Field of Search: 128/419 P, 128/419 PG, 128/419 PS, 128/419 R, 128/421, 128/422, 128/423
• US Class Current: 607/29
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/3706 Pacemaker parameters stimulation threshold A61N1/371

Abstract

Apparatus for stimulating body tissue and in particular the heart, is disclosed as including a device or circuit responsive to the initiation of stimulation and/or to the failure or pending failure of a component of the stimulating apparatus to provide the patient with a perceivable stimulation to a second, different portion of body tissue. There is disclosed an impedance level detector for sensing the impedance presented between the outputs of the stimulation apparatus to provide a warning signal indicating that the output impedance falls outside a predetermined range. In particular, the impedance level detector output is sensed by a stimulation control logic to apply a first train of pulses at a first rate to an auxiliary electrode for stimulating the second portion of tissue. Further, there is included a voltage level detector for sensing when the power source voltage depletes below a predetermined level, to actuate the stimulation control logic to provide a second train of warning pulses to the auxiliary electrode, at a second, different rate than that of the first train. In this fashion, the patient not only is warned as to the pending failure or failure of a component of his pacemaker, but also is able to identify the failing component.

Claims

1. A self-contained body tissue stimulator to be implanted within the body of a patient, said stimulator comprising:

(a) generator means including a power source, for providing a stimulating signal and having output terminals to be connected in-circuit with a first selected body tissue to be stimulated;

(b) an auxiliary electrode to be connected in-circuit with a second selected body tissue to be stimulated;

(c) detector means coupled to said output terminals for sensing the impedance presented therebetween and responsive to this impedance above a critical level for providing an output indicative thereof; and

(d) logic means responsive to the detector means output for effecting the connection of said generator means to said auxiliary electrode, providing warning stimulation to the second selected body tissue, whereby the patient perceives the warning stimulation as an indication of the increased impedance presented to said generator means.

2. A body tissue stimulator as claimed in claim 1, wherein said detector means senses the impedance presented between said output terminals and is responsive to this impedance less than a second, critical level for providing an output indicative thereof.

3. A body tissue stimulator with a power source, as claimed in claim 1, wherein there is included a second detector means responsive to the voltage level of said power source to provide a second signal indicating that the voltage level of said power source has depleted below a predetermined level, said logic means responsive to the second signal for effecting the connection of said generator means to said auxiliary electrode, providing stimulation to said second selected body tissue, whereby the patient is made aware of the power source depletion.

4. A body tissue stimulator as claimed in claim 3, wherein said logic means responds to the first-mentioned signal to effect an application to said auxiliary electrode of a first warning signal of a first type, and to the second signal for providing a second warning signal of a second, different type.

5. A body tissue stimulator as claimed in claim 4, wherein said logic means provides the first warning signal as a first train of pulses at a first rate, and provides the second warning signal as a second train of warning pulses at a second, different rate, whereby the patient perceives a different stimulation and is able to identify the element that has failed or is about to fail.

6. A body tissue stimulator as claimed in claim 1, wherein said logic means comprises switch means responsive to manipulation exterior of the patient'"'"'s body, for terminating the application of the warning stimulation to the second selected body tissue.

7. A body tissue stimulator as claimed in claim 6, wherein said logic means includes reset means responsive to a second type of actuation of said switch means, for resetting said logic means to be receptive to the signal of said detector means.

8. A body tissue stimulator as claimed in claim 1, wherein there is included a first output means for coupling the stimulating signal of said generator means in-circuit with the patient'"'"'s heart, and a second switch means isolated from said first switch means for coupling the output of said logic means to said auxiliary electrode.

9. A heart pacemaker to be implanted within the body of a patient and energized by a power source, said pacemaker comprising:

(a) generator means for providing a heart stimulating signal and having output terminals to be connected in-circuit with the patient'"'"'s heart, whereby the stimulating signals are applied thereto;

(b) an auxiliary electrode to be connected in-circuit with selected body tissue other than the patient'"'"'s heart, whereby warning stimulation may be applied thereto;

(c) first detector means coupled to said output terminals of said generator means for sensing the impedance presented therebetween and responsive to such an impedance above a critical level for providing a first warning signal indicative thereof;

(d) second detector means coupled to the power source for sensing the voltage level thereof and for providing a second warning signal indicative that the source voltage is below a predetermined level; and

(e) logic means responsive to the first warning signal for providing a first discrete type of warning stimulation to said auxiliary electrode, and to the second warning signal for providing a second, different discrete type of warning stimulation to said auxiliary electrode, whereby the element that has failed or is about to fail can be identified.

10. A heart pacemaker as claimed in claim 9, wherein there is included third detector means coupled to said output terminals of said generator means for sensing the impedance presented therebetween and responsive to such an impedance less than a second, critical level for providing a third warning signal indicative thereof.

11. A heart pacemaker as claimed in claim 9, wherein said logic means provides the first warning signal as a first train of pulses at a first rate, and provides the second warning signal as a second train of warning pulses at a second, different rate, whereby the patient perceives a different stimulation and is able to identify the element that has failed or is about to fail.

12. A heart pacemaker as claimed in claim 9, wherein said logic means contains switch means responsive to manipulation exterior of the patient'"'"'s body, for terminating the application of the first and/or second warning stimulations to the second selected body tissue.

13. A heart pacemaker as claimed in claim 12, wherein said logic means includes reset means responsive to a second type of actuation of said switch means, for resetting said logic means to be receptive to the first and second warning signals of said first and second detector means.

14. A heart pacemaker as claimed in claim 9, wherein there is included a first output means for coupling the heart stimulating signal of said generator means in-circuit with the patient'"'"'s heart, and a second switch means isolated from said first switch means for coupling the output of said logic means to said auxiliary electrode.

15. A body tissue stimulator to be implanted within the body of a patient and energized by a power source, said stimulator comprising:

(a) generator means for providing a first stimulus signal and having output terminals to be connected in-circuit with a first selected body tissue to be stimulated;

(b) an auxiliary electrode adapted to be connected in-circuit with a second selected body tissue to be stimulated;

(c) detector means coupled to said generator means for detecting an impending failure or failure of a parameter of said stimulator to stimulate body tissue and responsive thereto for providing a warning signal indicative thereof; and

(d) logic means responsive to the warning signal for effecting the connection of said generator means to said auxiliary electrode and for providing a second stimulus signal via said auxiliary electrode to second selected body tissue whereby the patient is made aware of the impending failure or failure of said stimulator to stimulate body tissue.

16. The combination of a body tissue stimulator to be implanted within the body of a patient and energized by a power source and control means external of the patient'"'"'s body for applying actuating signals to said stimulator, said stimulator comprising:

(a) generator means for providing a first stimulus signal and having output terminals to be connected in-circuit with a first selected body tissue to be stimulated;

(b) an auxiliary electrode adapted to be connected in-circuit with a second selected tissue to be stimulated;

(c) first detector means coupled to said generator means for detecting an impedance as presented at the output of said generator means above a critical level and responsive thereto for providing a first warning signal indicative thereof;

(d) second detector means responsive to the voltage level of said power source for providing a second warning signal indicating that the voltage level of said power source has depleted below a predetermined level; and

(e) logic means responsive to each of the first and second warning signals for effecting connection of said generator means to said auxiliary electrode to provide a second stimulus signal to a second selected body tissue whereby the patient is made aware of the impending failure or failure, said logic means responsive to the actuating signal of said control means for resetting said logic means to respond again to the warning signal to detect the impending failure or failure to provide a further stimulus signal to the second selected body tissue and for terminating the application of the second stimulus signal to the second selected body tissue.

17. The combination as claimed in claims 16, wherein said logic means comprises switch means responsive to the actuating signal of said control means, for terminating the application of the second stimulus signal via said auxiliary electrode to the second selected body tissue.

18. The combination as claimed in claim 17, wherein said logic means includes reset means coupled to said switching means and responsive to the actuation of said switch means, for resetting said logic means to be receptive to the warning signal of said detector means.

19. The combination as claimed in claim 18, wherein said logic means responds to the first warning signal to effect an application to said warning means of a first stimulating signal of a first type, and to the second warning signal for providing a second stimulating signal of a second, different type.

20. The combination as claimed in claim 19, wherein said logic means provides the first stimulating signal as a first train of pulses at a first rate, and provides the second stimulating signal as a second train of warning pulses at a second, different rate, whereby the patient perceives a different stimulation and is able to identify the element that has failed or is about to fail.

21. A body tissue stimulator as claimed in claim 19, wherein there is included first output means for coupling the first stimulating signal of said generator means in-circuit with the patient'"'"'s heart, and a second switch means isolated from said first switch means for coupling the output of said logic means to said warning means.

22. A body tissue stimulator to be implanted within the body of a patient, said stimulator comprising:

(a) generator means responsive to the rate of the patient'"'"'s heart activity below a predetermined level for providing a heart stimulating signal and having output terminals adapted to be connected in-circuit with the patient'"'"'s heart;

(b) an auxiliary electrode adapted to be connected in-circuit with a second selected body tissue to be stimulated;

(c) logic detector means coupled to said generator means and responsive to the initiation of the generation of the heart stimulating signal, for providing warning stimulation to the second selected body tissue, whereby the patient is made aware of the initiation of the generation of the heart stimulating signal by said generator means.

23. A body tissue stimulator to be implanted within the body of a patient and energized by a power source, said stimulator comprising:

(a) generator means for providing stimulus signals;

(b) detector means coupled to said generator means for detecting impending failure or failure of a component of said stimulator and responsive thereto for providing a warning signal indicative thereof;

(c) first output means for coupling the stimulus signals of said generator means in-circuit with a first selected tissue;

(d) second output means adapted for coupling the output of said generator means to a second selected tissue; and

(e) logic means responsive to the warning signal for selectively providing the stimulus signals of said generator means to said second output circuit means, whereby the patient is made aware of the impending failure of said pacemaker component.

24. The body tissue stimulator as claimed in claim 23, wherein said first and second output means couple the first and second selected tissues in parallel with the output of said generator means.

25. The body tissue stimulator as claimed in claim 23, wherein each of said first and second output means includes a capacitor to be coupled between said generator output and the first and second selected body tissues to essentially block the passage of any DC signal to the first and second selected tissues.