Battery package with DC to DC converter

• US 4,296,461 A
• Filed: 01/29/1979
• Issued: 10/20/1981
• Est. Priority Date: 01/29/1979
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Duracell Incorporated (Berkshire Hathaway Incorporated)
• Original Assignee: Duracell International Incorporated (Berkshire Hathaway Incorporated)
• Inventors: Mallory, Henry R., Nichols, Steven J.
• Primary Examiner(s): Shoop, William M.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Wong, Peter S.
• Application Number:
  US06/007,456
• Time in Patent Office: 995 Days
• Field of Search: 363/22-25, 363/59-61, 363/55-56, 363/133-134, 363/146, 307/150, 307/110, 429/7, 429/122-123
• US Class Current: 363/22
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/425 Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing printed circuits H05K1/00
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/44 Methods for charging or discharging circuits for charging H02J7/00
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 6/50 Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance, e.g. for maintaining operating temperature constructional details of current conducting connections for detecting conditions inside cells or batteries, e.g. details of voltage sensing terminals, H01M50/569
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 2207/20 Charging or discharging characterised by the power electronics converter
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 3/3384 of the parallel type
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/10 Energy storage using batteries

Abstract

A battery package having a casing which contains at least one electrochemical cell electrically connected to a DC to DC converter. A pair of electrical connections are located on the casing to electrically connect the battery package to a load. The converter conducts and the cell discharges only when a load is present across the electrical connection.

Claims

1. A battery package comprising a casing having therein one cell of a type which is subject to damage by cell reversal, said cell having an anode comprising lithium, a DC to DC converter circuit electrically connected to said cell, and means for electrically connecting the output of said converter circuit to a load, said converter circuit comprising means to substantially prevent current flow through said converter circuit unless a load is connected to the output of said converter circuit, whereby said cell discharges only when the load is connected to said converter circuit, said converter circuit being adapted to provide a voltage output substantially in excess of the voltage of the one cell in said package, and said converter circuit including means to electrically prevent recharging of the cell.

2. The battery package of claim 1 wherein the voltage output is a fixed multiple of the cell output voltage.

3. The battery package of claim 1 wherein the ratio of the secondary winding to the primary winding is from about 2:

1 to about 50;

1.

4. The battery package of claim 1 wherein the cell has a cathode depolarizer comprising sulfur dioxide.

5. The battery package of claim 1 wherein said converter circuit comprises at least one diode whose easy conductance path is from a positive electrode of said cell to a positive portion of said means for connecting said converter circuit whereby recharging of said cell is prevented.

6. The battery package of claim 1 wherein said DC to DC converter circuit includes an inverter transformer having a tapped primary winding and a multiple tapped secondary winding of more turns than the primary winding.

7. The battery package of claim 6 wherein the tap of the primary winding is electrically connected to a positive terminal of said electrochemical cell and to a positive portion of said means for electrically connnecting the output from said converter circuit;

and further comprising an oscillating circuit having a pair of transistors, each transistor having an emitter, a base and a collector electrode, the collector electrodes are connected to opposite ends of the primary winding of said inverter transformer respectively, the base electrodes are connected to separate taps on the secondary winding of said inverter transformer and the emitter electrodes are connected to a negative terminal of said electrochemical cell; and

a pair of diodes whose anodes are connected to a negative portion of said means for electrically connecting the output from said converter circuit and whose cathodes are connected to opposite ends of the secondary winding of said inverter transformer respectively, the easy conduction path of said diodes being toward the ends of the secondary winding.

8. The battery package of claim 7 wherein each transistor comprises two coupled component transistors each having emitter, collector and base electrodes, wherein the emitter of the first of the coupled transistors is connected to the base of the second coupled component transistor.

9. The battery package of claim 6 wherein the tap of the primary winding is electrically connected to a negative terminal of said electrochemical cell and to a negative portion of said means for electrically connecting the output from said converter circuit;

and further comprising an oscillating circuit having a pair of transistors, each transistor having an emitter, a base and a collector electrode, the collector electrodes are connected to opposite ends of the primary winding of said inverter transformer respectively, the base electrodes are connected to separate taps on the secondary winding of said inverter transformer and the emitter electrodes are connected to a positive terminal of said electrochemical cell; and

a pair of diodes whose cathodes are connected to a positive portion of said means for electrically connecting the output from said converter circuit and whose anodes are connected to opposite ends of the secondary winding of said inverter transformer respectively, the easy conduction path of said diodes being toward the positive portion of said means for electrically connecting the output from said converter circuit.

10. The battery package of claim 6 wherein the ratio of the primary winding to the portion of the tapped secondary winding connected to the base electrode is such that a voltage produced in the portion of the tapped secondary winding is less than the breakdown voltage between the base and emitter electrodes of the transistor.