Finishing insert with improved chip control

• US 4,411,565 A
• Filed: 05/08/1981
• Issued: 10/25/1983
• Est. Priority Date: 05/08/1981
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Carboloy Incorporated
• Original Assignee: General Electric Company
• Inventors: Haque, Sazzadul, Hazra, Jayanta
• Primary Examiner(s): Garrett, Robert E.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Kearns, Jerry
• Application Number:
  US06/261,694
• Time in Patent Office: 900 Days
• Field of Search: 407/114, 407/115
• US Class Current: 407/114
• CPC Class Codes: B23B 27/143 characterised by having chip-breakers
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 407/235 with integral chip breaker, guide or deflector

Abstract

A finishing insert for use with an indexable cutting tool is formed from a flat wafer of cutting material which is generally polygonal in plan form and includes a pair of opposed faces and a plurality of upstanding side walls extending therebetween. The juncture of the side walls with each face defines the cutting edges of the insert. The polygonal insert includes a plurality of radiused corner portions and is provided with at least one non-planar insert face wherein the corner portions thereof slope inwardly towards the opposed face of the insert. Each corner portion further includes a pair of generally triangular chip grooves separated by a planar central triangular land area. Each chip groove is spaced from the peripheral cutting edge of the insert to define a side land area which increases in width from the corner portion to its opposed end. In addition each chip groove increases in both width and depth from the corner portion to its opposed end. Each peripheral edge of the insert is generally trough-shaped in configuration and includes a central planar undercut area. Each peripheral edge further includes a V-shaped land area with the apex thereof being disposed closest to but spaced from the undercut area. The unique configuration of the chip grooves and the peripheral edges of the insert function to reduce the forces imposed on the insert and enables the insert to be utilized over a wide range of feed rates and at various cutting depths corresponding to finishing operations, while simultaneously increasing the life of the insert.

Claims

1. A finishing insert for use with an indexable cutting tool comprising:

a flat wafer of cutting material of generally polygonal plan form, having a pair of opposed faces and a plurality of upstanding side walls extending therebetween with the juncture between each said side wall and a face defining a peripheral cutting edge, wherein each peripheral cutting edge adjacent said one face is generally trough-shaped in configuration, with the distal ends of said trough configuration being defined by said sloping corner portions and with the central portion of said trough configuration being defined by a generally planar undercut area, said planar undercut area being disposed substantially parallel to said opposed insert face, said polygonal wafer further including a plurality of radiused corner portions with at least one of said insert faces being non-planar with the corner portions thereof sloping inwardly towards the opposed insert face, each of said corner portions of said nonplanar face including a pair of abutting, generally triangular chip groove portions and a central triangular land area disposed between each pair of abutting chip groove portions, each chip groove portion being spaced from the adjacent cutting edge of the insert so as to define a side land area, said central triangular land area being generally planar and disposed parallel to said opposed insert face, each said central triangular land area including a pair of side edges and a vertex, with an imaginary line bisecting said vertex being disposed substantially normal to the radiused corner portion associated therewith, and with said side edges of each said triangular land area being disposed at an angle relative to the adjacent cutting edges of the insert such that the width of each said chip groove portion increases from its end adjacent its respective corner portion to its opposed end, and with the depth of each chip groove portion increasing from its end adjacent its respective corner portion to its opposed end whereby said insert may be utilized to machine finishing cuts through a range of feed rates while simultaneously reducing cutting forces.

2. A finishing insert as recited in claim 1 wherein each said peripheral cutting edge further includes a V-shaped land area disposed adjacent to said undercut area, with the apex of said V-shaped land area being disposed closest to and spaced from the associated cutting edge.

3. A finishing insert as recited in claim 2 wherein the sides of said V-shaped land area are disposed at an angle between 30°

and 50°

relative to said planar undercut area.

4. A finishing insert as recited in claim 3 wherein said angle is 45°

.

5. A finishing insert as recited in claim 1 wherein each cutting edge is disposed at an angle between 3°

and 15°

relative to the associated planar undercut area.

6. A finishing insert for use with an indexable cutting tool comprising:

a flat wafer of cutting material of generally polygonal plan form, having a pair of opposed faces and a plurality of upstanding side walls extending therebetween with the juncture between each said side wall and a face defining a peripheral cutting edge, said polygonal wafer further including a plurality of radiused corner portions with at least one of said insert faces being nonplanar with the corner portions thereof sloping inwardly towards the opposed insert face, each of said corner portions of said nonplanar face including a pair of abutting, generally triangular chip groove portions and a central triangular land area disposed between each pair of abutting chip groove portions, each chip groove portion being spaced from the adjacent cutting edge of the insert so as to define a side land area, said central triangular land area being generally planar and disposed parallel to said opposed insert face, each said central triangular land area including a pair of side edges and a vertex, with an imaginary line bisecting said vertex being disposed substantially normal to the radiused corner portion associated therewith, and with said side edges of each said triangular land area being disposed at an angle relative to the adjacent cutting edges of the insert such that the width of each said chip groove portion increases from its end adjacent its respective corner portion to its opposed end, and with the depth of each chip groove portion increasing from its end adjacent its respective corner portion to its opposed end, and with each said side land area increasing in width from its end adjacent the associated corner portion to its opposed end, and with each peripheral cutting edge adjacent said one face being generally trough-shaped in configuration, with the distal ends of said trough configuration being defined by said sloping corner portions and with the central portion of said trough configuration being defined by a generally planar undercut area, said planar undercut area being disposed substantially parallel to said opposed insert face, and with each said peripheral cutting edge further including a V-shaped land area with the apex of said V-shaped area being disposed closest to and spaced from the associated cutting edge.