Selectively light-transmitting laminated structure

• US 4,413,877 A
• Filed: 11/01/1982
• Issued: 11/08/1983
• Est. Priority Date: 03/10/1980
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Teijin Limited
• Original Assignee: Teijin Limited
• Inventors: Mikoshiba, Hitoshi, Suzuki, Kazutomi, Mitani, Yuji
• Primary Examiner(s): Silverberg, Sam
• Application Number:
  US06/438,535
• Time in Patent Office: 372 Days
• Field of Search: 427/160, 427/166, 350/1.7
• US Class Current: 359/360
• CPC Class Codes: A01G 9/1438 Covering materials therefor; Materials for protective coverings used for soil and plants, e.g. films, canopies, tunnels or cloches
• CPC Class Codes: C03C 17/36 at least one coating being a metal
• CPC Class Codes: C03C 17/3615 Coatings of the type glass/metal/other inorganic layers, at least one layer being non-metallic
• CPC Class Codes: C03C 17/3618 Coatings of type glass/inorganic compound/other inorganic layers, at least one layer being metallic
• CPC Class Codes: C03C 17/3628 one layer at least containing a sulfide
• CPC Class Codes: C03C 17/3634 one layer at least containing carbon, a carbide or oxycarbide
• CPC Class Codes: C03C 17/3636 one layer at least containing silicon, hydrogenated silicon or a silicide
• CPC Class Codes: C03C 17/3644 the metal being silver
• CPC Class Codes: C03C 17/3647 in combination with other metals, silver being more than 50%
• CPC Class Codes: C03C 17/3652 the coating stack containing at least one sacrificial layer to protect the metal from oxidation
• CPC Class Codes: C03C 17/366 Low-emissivity or solar control coatings
• CPC Class Codes: C03C 17/3681 the multilayer coating being used in glazing, e.g. windows or windscreens
• CPC Class Codes: F24S 50/80 for controlling collection or absorption of solar radiation
• CPC Class Codes: F24S 80/52 characterised by the material for preventing heat loss F24S80/56
• CPC Class Codes: Y02A 40/25 Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 10/20 Solar thermal
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 10/40 Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers

Abstract

In a selectively light-transmitting laminated structure composed of

(1) a substrate layer (A) of a transparent sheet-like structure,

(2) a heat wave-reflective layer (D) of a silver-containing metal having a thickness of 50 to 300 Å formed on layer (A),

(3) either a transparent thin layer (B₁) having a high refractive index placed between layers (A) and (D), or a transparent thin layer (B₂) having a high refractive index on layer (D), or both layers (B₁) and (B₂), and

(4) optionally, a transparent top layer (E) on layer (D); the improvement wherein a thin layer (C) having a thickness of 3 to 100 Å and deposited as a material selected from the group consisting of Ti, Zr, In, Si, C, Co and Ni is provided on layer (D) in contact therewith.

Claims

1. A selectively light-transmitting laminated structure having the following layers:

(1) a substrate layer (A) of a transparent sheet-like structure,

(2) a heat wave-reflective layer (D) of a silver-containing metal having a thickness of 50-300 Å

,

(3) a single layer (C) deposited as elemental titanium (Ti) and having a thickness of 25 to 100 Å

, or said layer (C) on each side of layer (D), said layers (C) having a minimum total thickness of 10 Å and

a maximum total thickness of 100 Å

,

(4) at least one transparent thin layer (B) having a thickness of 50-500 Å and

a high refractive index, said layers being in contact with each other in the order;

(A)-(B)-(D)-(C), (A)-(B)-(D)-(C)-(B), (A)-(D)-(C)-(B), (A)-(B)-(C)-(D)-(C), (A)-(C)-(D)-(C)-(B) or (A)-(B)-(C)-(D)-(C)-(B) and

(5) optionally, a transparent top layer (E).

3. The laminated structure of claim 1 having a single layer (C) wherein said layers are in contact with each other in the order:

(A)-(B)-(D)-(C), (A)-(B)-(D)-(C)-(B) or (A)-(D)-(C)-(B).

4. The laminated structure of claim 1 wherein the two layers (C) are present, said layers being in contact with each other in the order:

(A)-(B)-(C)-(D)-(C), (A)-(C)-(D)-(C)-(B) or (A)-(B)-(C)-(D)-(C)-(B).

7. The selectively light-transmitting laminated structure of claim 1 wherein the layer (D) is a layer of silver, a layer of silver containing up to 30% by weight of copper, or a layer of silver containing up to 30% by weight of gold.

9. The laminated structure of claim 1 wherein each of the layers (B) is a layer of an oxide of a metal selected from the group consisting of Ti, In, Zn, Sn, Y, Er, Zr, Ce, Ta and Hf or a layer of ZnS.

11. The laminated structure of claim 1 wherein each of the layers (B) is a thin layer of an oxide of titanium derived from a layer of an organic titanium compound and containing an organic residual moiety of the organic titanium compound.

13. The laminated structure of claim 1 which has a visible light transmittance of at least 50% and an average infrared reflectance of at least 70%.

15. The laminated structure of claim 1 which has a visible light transmittance of at least 60% and an average infrared reflectance of at least 80%.

17. The laminated structure of claim 3 wherein the single layer (C) has a minimum thickness of 30 Å

.

18. The laminated structure of claim 4 wherein the two layers (C) have a minimum thickness of about 15 Å

.

2. A selectively light-transmitting laminated structure having the following layers:

(1) a substrate layer (A) of a transparent sheet-like structure,

(2) a heat wave-reflective layer (D) of a silver-containing metal having a thickness of 50-300 Å

(3) a layer (C) deposited as elemental zirconium (Zr) or elemental carbon and having a thickness of 25-100 Å

, or said layer (C) on each side of layer (D), said layer (C) having a minimum total thickness of 10 Å and

a maximum total thickness of 100 Å

,

(4) at least one transparent thin layer (B) having a thickness of 50-500 Å and

a high refractive index, said layers being in contact with each other in the order;

(A)-(B)-(D)-(C), (A)-(B)-(D)-(C)-(B), (A)-(D)-(C)-(B), (A)-(B)-(C)-(D)-(C), (A)-(C)-(D)-(C)-(B), or (A)-(B)-(C)-(D)-(C)-(B), and

(5) optionally, a transparent top layer (E).

5. The laminated structure of claim 2 having a single layer (C) wherein said layers are in contact with each other in the order:

(A)-(B)-(D)-(C), (A)-(B)-(D)-(C)-(B) or (A)-(D)-(C)-(B).

6. The laminated structure of claim 2 wherein the two layers (C) are present, said layers being in contact with each other in the order:

(A)-(B)-(C)-(D)-(C), (A)-(C)-(D)-(C)-(B) or (A)-(B)-(C)-(D)-(C)-(B).

8. The selectively light-transmitting laminated structure of claim 2 wherein the layer (D) is a layer of silver, a layer of silver containing up to 30% by weight of copper, or a layer of silver containing up to 30% by weight of gold.

10. The laminated structure of claim 2 wherein each of the layers (B) is a layer of an oxide of a metal selected from the group consisting of Ti, In, Zn, Sn, Y, Er, Zr, Ce, Ta and Hf or a layer of ZnS.

12. The laminated structure of claim 2 wherein each of the layers (B) is a thin layer of an oxide of titanium derived from a layer of an organic titanium compound and containing an organic residual moiety of the organic titanium compound.

14. The laminated structure of claim 2 which has a visible light transmittance of at least 50% and an average infrared reflectance of at least 70%.

16. The laminated structure of claim 2 which has a visible light transmittance of at least 60% and an average infrared reflectance of at least 80%.

19. The laminated structure of claim 5 wherein the single layer (C) has a thickness of at least 25 Å

.

20. The laminated structure of claim 6 wherein the two layers (C) have a total minimum thickness of about 15 Å

.

21. A selectively light-transmitting laminated structure having the following layers:

(1) a substrate layer (A) of a transparent sheet-like structure,

(2) a heat wave-reflective layer (D) of a silver-containing metal having a thickness of 50-300 Å

,

(3) a single layer (C) deposited as elemental titanium (Ti) and having a thickness of 25 to 100 Å

, or said layer (C) on each side of layer (D), said layers (C) having a minimum total thickness of 10 Å and

a maximum total thickness of 100 Å

,

(4) at least one transparent thin layer (B) having a thickness of 50-500 Å and

a high refractive index, said layers being in contact with each other in the order;

(A)-(B)-(D)-(C), (A)-(B)-(D)-(C)-(B), (A)-(D)-(C)-(B), (A)-(B)-(C)-(D)-(C), (A)-(C)-(D)-(C)-(B) or (A)-(B)-(C)-(D)-(C)-(B) and

(5) a transparent top layer (E) of an acrylic resin or a polyolefin resin having a thickness of 0.05 to 10 microns.

22. The laminated structure of claim 21 wherein the resin is polymethyl methacrylate resin, polyacrylonitrile resin, polymethacrylonitrile resin or polypropylene.

23. A selectively light-transmitting laminated structure having the following layers:

(1) a substrate layer (A) of a transparent sheet-like structure,

(2) a heat wave-reflective layer (D) of a silver-containing metal having a thickness of 50-300 Å

,

(3) a layer (C) deposited as elemental zirconium (Zr) or elemental carbon and having a thickness of 25-100 Å

, or said layer (C) on each side of layer (D), said layer (C) having a minimum total thickness of 10 Å

,

(4) at least one transparent thin layer (B) having a thickness of 50-500 Å and

a high refractive index, said layers being in contact with each other in the order;

(A)-(B)-(D)-(C), (A)-(B)-(D)-(C)-(B), (A)-(D)-(C)-(B), (A)-(B)-(C)-(D)-(C), (A)-(C)-(D)-(C)-(B), or (A)-(B)-(C)-(D)-(C)-(B), and

(5) a transparent top layer (E) of an acrylic resin or a polyolefin resin having a thickness of 0.05 to 10 microns.

24. The laminated structure of claim 23 wherein the resin is polymethyl methacrylate resin, polyacrylonitrile resin, polymethacrylonitrile resin or polypropylene.