Self-injurious behavior inhibiting system

• US 4,440,160 A
• Filed: 01/19/1982
• Issued: 04/03/1984
• Est. Priority Date: 01/19/1982
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Johns Hopkins University
• Original Assignee: Johns Hopkins University
• Inventors: Fischell, Robert E., Fountain, Glen H., Blackburn, Charles M.
• Primary Examiner(s): Cohen, Lee S.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Sykes, Angela D.
• Application Number:
  US06/340,753
• Time in Patent Office: 805 Days
• Field of Search: 128/419 R, 128/419 S, 128/791, 128/802, 128/903, 128/731-733, 128/138 A, 128/782, 128/82.1, 128/132 R, 128/774, 340/407, 340/573, 361/232
• US Class Current: 128/846
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/38 for producing shock effects

Abstract

An apparatus for preventing self-injurious behavior in patients is disclosed. The apparatus generally contains one or more sensor modules, which detect self-injurious blows, and a separate stimulation module, which produces an aversive electric stimulation. The sensor module and stimulation module are mounted directly on a patient'"'"'s body members, e.g., a sensor module can be mounted on a headband worn around the patient'"'"'s head and the stimulation module can be mounted on an arm band worn around the patient'"'"'s arm. The sensor module communicates with the stimulation module by either: (1) transmitting radio waves, which are received by the stimulation module or (2) sending a small alternating electrical signal through the patient'"'"'s body, which is detected by electrodes in the stimulation module. In operation, a sensor module detects a blow to the sensed body member and sends a signal to the stimulation module which in turn generates a controlled electrical current for aversive stimulation.

Claims

1. An apparatus for inhibiting self-injurious behavior, comprising:

at least one sensor module, adapted to be mounted on any of patient'"'"'s body members, each of said at least one sensor module being mounted on a different body member, and each of said at least one sensor module including,

(a) an accelerometer which detects an acceleration due to a physical impact of said body member,

(b) a "one-shot" circuit connected to and activated by said accelerometer to produce a constant signal for a set period of time,

(c) a clock which provides timing pulses,

(d) a transmitter, connected to and activated by said "one-shot" circuit, which receives timing pulses from said clock and produces an electromagnetic signal,

(e) an interrogatable event counter, connected to said clock and said "one-shot" circuit, to count and record the number of physical impacts; and

,

a stimulation module, adapted to be mounted on said patient'"'"'s body at a location remote from said at least one sensor module, communicating by a wireless link to said at least one sensor module, said stimulation module including,

(a) a signal detecting and demodulating circuit, which provides a triggering signal after detecting and identifying said electromagnetic signal,

(b) a "set-on time" circuit, connected to and actuated by said signal detecting and demodulating circuit, which sets the time period of stimulation,

(c) a means connected to and activated by said "set-on time" circuit, for generating an aversive electric current,

(d) stimulation electrodes, connected to said means for generating an aversive electric current, which conduct said aversive electric current to the skin of said patient'"'"'s body,

(e) a clock to provide timing pulses, and

(f) an interrogatable event counter, connected to said clock and said means for generating an aversive electric current, to count and record the number of times said aversive electric current is generated.

2. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said accelerometer is adjustable to detect an acceleration impulse above a certain threshold, said threshold being set to distinguish acceleration due to normal activity from acceleration due to self-injurious behavior.

3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein said threshold is set to a value of 2 g.

4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said accelerometer is a two-axis accelerometer.

5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said accelerometer is a three-axis accelerometer.

6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said stimulation module is mounted on a band which is adapted to snugly encompass a body member.

7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein each of said at least one sensor module is mounted on a band which is adapted to snugly encompass a body member.

8. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein one of said at least one sensor module is mounted in a protective helmet adapted to be mounted on the head of said patient.