Broadcast signal recognition system and method

• US 4,450,531 A
• Filed: 09/10/1982
• Issued: 05/22/1984
• Est. Priority Date: 09/10/1982
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: ENSCO, Incorporated (Teris LLC)
• Original Assignee: ENSCO, Incorporated (Teris LLC)
• Inventors: Kenyon, Stephen C., Simkins, Laura J., Sebastian, Richard, Brown, Leroy L.
• Primary Examiner(s): Ruggiero, Joseph F.
• Application Number:
  US06/416,664
• Time in Patent Office: 620 Days
• Field of Search: 364/604, 364/728, 364/819, 364/820, 455/2, 455/67, 455/39, 358/84, 358/117, 179/1 SB, 179/84 VF, 382/42, 340/146.2, 369/48, 369/53, 369/54, 369/58, 381/42
• US Class Current: 708/5
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 17/15 Correlation function computation including computation of convolution operations arithmetic circuits for sum of products per se, e.g. multiply-accumulators G06F7/5443; digital filters, e.g. FIR, IIR, adaptive filters H03H17/00
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 2218/16 by matching signal segments
• CPC Class Codes: H04H 60/37 for identifying segments of broadcast information, e.g. scenes or extracting programme ID
• CPC Class Codes: H04H 60/58 of audio determination or detection of speech characteristics in general G10L25/00; speech recognition in general G10L15/00

Abstract

The method for the automatic electronic recognition of a program unit broadcast by radio waves includes the formation of a plurality of reference signal segments from the program unit and the processing of such segments to obtain digitized reference signal segments which are then normalized and stored. When the program unit is broadcast, the broadcast signal is processed to generate successive digitized broadcast signal segments which are correlated with the digitized, normalized reference signal segments to obtain correlation function peaks for each resultant correlation segment. The spacing between the correlation function peaks for each correlation segment is then compared to determine whether such spacing is substantially equal to the reference signal segment length. Also, the RMS value coincident with each correlation function peak is determined and the pattern of such RMS values coincident with the correlation function peaks is compared with the pattern of the RMS values of the normalized reference signal segments.

Claims

1. A method for the automatic electronic recognition of a program unit broadcast by radio waves which includes:

a. processing said program unit to obtain a plurality of digitized reference signal segments;

b. successively processing a broadcast signal to generate successive digitized broadcast signal segments;

c. correlating a plurality of successive digitized broadcast signal segments with an equal number of digitized reference signal segments to obtain correlation function peaks for each resultant correlation segment, and

d. comparing the spacing between correlation function peaks for each correlation segment to determine whether such spacing is substantially equal to the reference s1gnal segment length.

2. The method of claim 1 which includes obtaining the RMS power value of each reference signal segment, obtaining an RMS power value coincident with each correlation function peak, comparing the pattern of the RMS power values from said reference signal segments with the pattern of the RMS power values coincident with an equal number of said correlation function peaks.

3. The method of claim 1 which includes providing a recognition signal when the spacing between said correlation function peaks is within a predetermined limit.

4. The method of claim 3 which includes providing a recognition signal when the number of spaces between said correlation function peaks which fall within said predetermined limit is more than one half the number of said reference segments.

5. The method of claim 2 which includes providing a recognition signal when the spacing between said correlation peaks is within a predetermined limit and the pattern of the RMS power values coincident with said correlation function peaks matches within predetermined limits the pattern of the RMS power values from said reference signal segments.

9. The method of claim 1 which includes dividing said reference signal into a plurality of reference segments of equal length to obtain a plurality of digitized reference segments, normalizing said digitized reference segments to obtain the RMS power value for each reference segment, and storing each such normalized reference segment.

6. A method for the automatic electronic recognition of a program unit broadcast by radio waves which includes:

a. processing said program unit to obtain a plurality of digitized reference signal segments, the processing of said program unit including prefiltering to select a preferred signal in a frequency portion of the audio spectrum with a stable characteristic, forming an envelope from said prefiltered signal to provide an envelope reference signal, filtering the envelope reference signal to obtain a stable, narrow bandwidth reference signal, and digitizing said narrow bandwidth reference signal to obtain a digitized reference signal,

b. successively processing a broadcast signal to generate successive digitized broadcast signal segments, the processing of said broadcast signal including prefiltering to select a prefiltered broadcast signal in a frequency portion of the audio spectrum with a stable characteristic, forming an envelope from said prefiltered broadcast signal to provide an envelope broadcast signal, filtering the envelope broadcast signal to obtain a stable, narrow bandwidth broadcast signal and digitizing said narrow bandwidth broadcast signal to obtain a digitized broadcast signal,

c. correlating a plurality of successive digitized broadcast signal segments with an equal number of digitized reference signal segments to obtain correlation function peaks for each resultant correlation segment, and

d. comparing the spacing between correlation function peaks for each correlation segment to determine whether such spacing is substantially equal to the reference signal segment length.

7. The method of claim 6 which includes normalizing said digitized reference signal to obtain a normalized reference signal before correlation with said broadcast signal segments.

8. The method of claim 7 which includes storing said normalized reference signal and said digitized broadcast signal before correlation.

17. The method of claim 6 wherein the processing of said program unit includes forming an FM envelope from said prefiltered signal which is a function of the frequency content of said prefiltered signal, and the processing of said broadcast signal includes forming an FM envelope from said prefiltered signal which is a function of the frequency content of the prefiltered signal.

20. The method of claim 6 which includes obtaining the RMS power value of each reference signal segment, obtaining an RMS power value coincident with each correlation function peak, comparing the pattern of the RMS power values from said reference signal segments with the pattern of the RMS power values coincident with an equal number of said correlation function peaks.

21. The method of claim 6 which includes providing a recognition signal when the spacing between said correlation function peaks is within a predetermined limit.

22. The method of claim 21 which includes providing a recognition signal when the number of spaced between said correlation function peaks which fall within said predetermined limit is more than one half the number of said reference segments.

23. The method of claim 20 which includes providing a recognition signal when the spacing between said correlation peaks is within a predetermined limit and the pattern of the RMS power values coincident with said correlation function peaks matches within predetermined limits the pattern of the RMS power values from said reference signal segments.

10. A method for the automatic electronic recognition of a program unit broadcast by radio waves which includes:

a. processing said program unit to obtain a plurality of digitized reference signal segments by digitizing and dividing said reference signal into a plurality of reference segments of equal length to obtain a plurality of digitized reference segments, normalizing said digitized reference segments to obtain the RMS power value for each reference segment, and storing each such RMS power value for each reference segment, zero filling each such normalized reference segment to obtain a plurality of zero filled reference segments of equal length, successively subjecting each said zero filled reference segment to a Fourier transformation and the performance of a complex conjugate to obtain a frequency domain complex spectra for each such zero filled reference segment, and storing the resultant frequency domain complex spectra reference signal segments;

b. successively processing a broadcast signal to generate successive digitized broadcast signal segments;

c. correlating a plurality of successive digitized broadcast signal segments with an equal number of digitized reference signal segments to obtain correlation function peaks for each resultant correlation segment, and

d. comparing the spacing between correlation function peaks for each correlation segment to determine whether such spacing is substantially equal to the reference signal segment length.

11. The method of claim 10 which includes successively dividing said broadcast signal into a plurality of broadcast signal segments equal in length to said zero filled reference segments and storing said digitized broadcast signal segments.

12. The method of claim 11 which includes successively subjecting said stored digitized broadcast signal segments to Fourier transformation to obtain frequency domain, complex spectra broadcast signal segments, multiplying the complex spectra broadcast signal segments with the stored frequency domain complex spectra reference signal segments to obtain cross power spectra segments, subjecting said cross power spectra segments to inverse Fourier transformation to obtain correlation function segments, and obtaining normalized correlation function segments by successively obtaining an RMS power value for each of a plurality of equal length, overlapped sections within each digitized broadcast signal segment, each such equal length section being equal in length to one half the length of the broadcast signal segment and the leading and trailing edge of each equal length section within a digitized broadcast signal segment being offset from the leading and trailing edge of the subsequent equal length section by one data space in said correlation function segment, the RMS value obtained from each equal length section being divided into a corresponding point in said correlation function segment to provide a normalized correlation function segment having a correlation function peak.

13. The method of claim 12 which includes obtaining an RMS power value coincident with each of said correlation function peaks, comparing the pattern of the stored RMS power values from said reference signal segments with the pattern of the RMS power values coincident with an equal number of said correlation function peaks.

14. The method of claim 13 which includes providing a recognition signal when the spacing between said correlation function peaks is within a predetermined limit and the pattern of the RMS power values coincident with said correlation function peaks matches within predetermined limits the pattern of the RMS power values from said digitized reference signal segments.

15. A method for the automatic electronic recognition of a program unit broadcast by radio waves which includes:

a. processing said program unit to obtain a plurality of digitized reference signal segments including at least two groups of successive digitized reference signal segments, the speed of one of said groups being varied with relation to the speed of the remaining group,

b. successively processing a broadcast signal to generate successive digitized broadcast signal segments;

c. correlating a plurality of successive digitized broadcast signal segments with an equal number of digitized reference signal segments to obtain correlation function peaks for each resultant correlation segment, and

d. comparing the spacing between correlation function peaks for each correlation segment to determine whether such spacing is substantially equal to the reference signal segment length.

16. The method of claim 15 which includes correlating said plurality of broadcast signal segments with the groups of reference signal segments.

18. A method for the automatic, electronic recognition of a program unit broadcast by radio waves which includes:

a. obtaining a plurality of reference signal segments from said program unit;

b. processing said plurality of reference signal segments to obtain digitized reference signal segments;

c. obtaining the RMS power value of each reference signal segment;

d. successively processing a broadcast signal to generate successive digitally sampled broadcast signal segments;

e. correlating a plurality of successive broadcast signal segments with an equal number of digitized reference signal segments to obtain correlation function peaks for each resultant correlation segment;

f. obtaining an RMS power value coincident with each correlation function peak, and

g. comparing the pattern of the RMS power values from said reference signal segments with the pattern of the RMS power values coincident with an equal number of said correlation function peaks.

19. The method of claim 18 which includes providing a recognition signal when the RMS power value coincident with said correlation function peaks matches within predetermined limits the pattern of RMS power values from said reference signal segments.

24. The method of claim 18 which includes comparing the spacing between correlation function peaks for each correlation segment to determine whether such spacing is substantially equal to the reference signal segment length.

25. The method of claim 24 which includes providing a recognition signal when the spacing between said correlation peaks is within a predetermined limit and the pattern of the RMS power values coincident with said correlation function peaks matches within predetermined limits the pattern of the RMS power values from said reference signal segments.