Method and apparatus for controlling signal level in a digital conference arrangement

• US 4,499,578 A
• Filed: 10/29/1982
• Issued: 02/12/1985
• Est. Priority Date: 05/27/1982
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Bell Telephone Laboratories, Inc. (Nokia Corporation)
• Original Assignee: AT&T, Inc.
• Inventors: Vancil, Paul W., Marouf, Mohamed A.
• Primary Examiner(s): Olms, Douglas W.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Chin, Wellington
• Application Number:
  US06/437,740
• Time in Patent Office: 837 Days
• Field of Search: 370/62, 179/18 BC
• US Class Current: 370/267
• CPC Class Codes: H04M 3/561 by multiplexing
• CPC Class Codes: H04M 3/568 audio processing specific to telephonic conferencing, e.g. spatial distribution, mixing of participants echo suppression in two-way loud-speaking telephone systems H04M9/02; sound field processing per se H04S7/30

Abstract

For use in multiport digital conference arrangements wherein speech samples of selected speakers are summed for distribution to the conferees, the disclosed method and apparatus controls the level of speech represented by information samples to be included in an output sample for distribution to the ports and equalizes the speech level between speakers to reduce speech level contrast heard by the conferees. In addition, a speech detector for each port and microprocessor-controlled switching hardware also adjust the signal level represented by samples received on the ports to effect speaker selection. Furthermore, gain coefficients for a port may be incrementally adjusted during a predetermined period of time to avoid noticeble signal level changes when implementing speaker selection.

Claims

1. In a digital conference arrangement having a plurality of ports for receiving information samples each representing the level of a signal, a method for controlling the signal level represented by an information sample to be included in an output sample for distribution to the ports;

comprising the steps of;

forming a composite level from the signal levels represented by information samples received on a port,

generating a coefficient in accordance with said composite level,

adjusting in accordance with said coefficient the signal level represented by an information sample from the port to be included in an output sample.

2. The method set forth in claim 1 wherein said step of generating a coefficient includes the steps of comparing said composite level with a reference level, adjusting said reference level by a predetermined amount when said composite and reference levels are different, and mapping said reference level to said coefficient.

3. The method set forth in claim 2 wherein said step of adjusting said reference level includes the steps of increasing said reference level by a first predetermined amount when said composite level is greater than said reference level and decreasing said reference level by a second predetermined amount when said composite level is less than said reference level.

4. The method set forth in claim 1 or 3 wherein said method further comprises the step of repetitively performing the prior steps during each one of plurality of time intervals.

5. In a digital conference arrangement adapted to include in an output sample an information sample from each selected port of a plurality of ports, each sample representing the level of a signal, a method for selecting ports, comprising the steps of:

forming a composite level for each port from the signal levels represented by information samples received on the port;

detecting the state of each port in a plurality of states;

assigning a priority level to each port based on the composite level for the port and on the detected state of the port; and

controlling the signal level represented by an information sample from each port to include in an output sample an information sample from a port having any of a plurality of predetermined priority levels.

6. The method set forth in claim 5 wherein said step for controlling comprises the steps of adjusting the signal level represented by an information sample from a port having any of said predetermined priority levels for inclusion in an output sample and setting the signal level represented by an information sample from any other port to a predetermined signal level for exclusion from the output sample.

7. The method set forth in claim 6 wherein said step for adjusting the signal level includes the steps of generating a coefficient for a port having any of said predetermined priority levels in accordance with the composite level for the port and adjusting in accordance with the coefficient for the port the signal level represented by an information sample from the port to be included in the output sample.

8. The method set forth in claim 7 wherein said generating step includes the step of incrementally increasing during a first time period the coefficients of a port having any of said predetermined priority levels when the port assumes a first state in said plurality of states.

9. The method set forth in claim 8 wherein said generating step also includes the step of incrementally decreasing during a second time period the coefficients of a port having any of said predetermined priority levels when the port assumes a second state in said plurality of states.

10. The method set forth in claim 9 wherein said generating step further includes the step of incrementally decreasing during a third time period the coefficients of a port having any of said predetermined priority levels when the port assumes a third state in said plurality of states.

11. The method set forth in claim 7 or 10 wherein said generating step also includes the steps of comparing the composite level for a port having any of said predetermined priority levels with a reference level for the port, adjusting the reference level for the port by a predetermined amount when the composite and the reference levels for the port are different, and mapping the reference level to the coefficient for the port.

12. The method set forth claim 11 wherein said step of adjusting the reference level for the port by a predetermined amount includes the steps of increasing the reference level for the port by a first predetermined amount when the composite level is greater than the reference level and decreasing the reference level for the port by a second predetermined amount when the composite level is less than the reference level.

13. In a digital conference arrangement having a plurality of ports for receiving information samples each representing the level of a signal, apparatus for controlling the signal level represented by an information sample to be included in an output sample for distribution to the ports;

comprising;

means for forming a composite level from the signal levels represented by information samples received on a port,

means for generating a coefficient in response to said composite level, and

means responsive to said coefficient for adjusting the signal level represented by an information sample from the port to be included in an output sample.

14. The apparatus in accordance with claim 13 in which said means for generating a coefficient comprises means for comparing said composite level with a reference level, means for adjusting said reference level by a predetermined amount when said composite and reference levels are different, and means for mapping said reference level to said coefficient.

15. The apparatus in accordance with claim 14 in which said means for adjusting said reference level comprises means for increasing said reference level by a first predetermined amount when said composite level is greater than said reference level and means for decreasing said reference level by a second predetermined amount when said composite level is less than said reference level.

16. In a digital conference arrangement adapted to include in an output sample an information sample from each selected port of a plurality of ports, each sample representing the level of a signal, apparatus for selecting ports;

comprising;

means for forming a composite level for each port from the signal levels represented by information samples received on the port;

means for detecting the state of each port in a plurality of states;

means for assigning a priority level to each port based on the composite level for the port and on the detected state of the port; and

means for controlling the signal level represented by an information sample from each port to include in an output sample on information sample from a port having any of a plurality of predetermined priority levels.

17. The apparatus in accordance with claim 16 in which said control means comprises means for adjusting the signal level represented by an information sample from a port having any of said predetermined priority levels for inclusion in an output sample and means for setting the signal level represented by an information sample from any other port to a predetermined signal level for exclusion from the output sample.

18. The apparatus in accordance with claim 17 in which said means for adjusting the signal level comprises means for generating a coefficient for a port having any of said predetermined priority levels in response to the composite level for the port, and means responsive to the coefficient for the port for adjusting the signal level represented by an information sample from the port to be included in the output sample.

19. The apparatus in accordance with claim 18 in which said generating means includes means for incrementally increasing during a first time period the coefficients of a port having any of said predetermined priority levels when the port assumes a first state in said plurality of states.

20. The apparatus in accordance with claim 19 in which said generating means also includes means for incrementally decreasing during a second time period the coefficients of a port having any of said predetermined priority levels when the port assumes a second state in said plurality of states.

21. The apparatus in accordance with claim 20 in which said generating means further includes means for incrementally decreasing during a third time period the coefficients of a port having any of said predetermined priority levels when the port assumes a third state in said plurality of states.

22. The apparatus in accordance with claim 18 or 21 in which said generating means further comprises means for comparing the composite level for a port having any of said predetermined priority levels with a reference level, means for adjusting the reference level for the port by a predetermined amount when the composite and the reference levels for the port are different, and means for mapping the reference level to the coefficient for the port.

23. The apparatus in accordance with claim 22 in which said means for adjusting the reference level for the port by a predetermined amount comprises means for increasing the reference level for the port by a first predetermined amount when the composite level is greater than the reference level and means for decreasing the reference level for the port by a second predetermined amount when the composite level is less than the reference level.

24. In a digital conference arrangement having a plurality of ports for receiving information samples each representing the level of a signal, a method for equalizing among the ports the signal level represented by an information sample on each port to be included in an output sample for distribution to the ports;

comprising the steps of;

forming a composite level for each port from the signal levels represented by information samples received on the port,

generating for each port a coefficient having a magnitude which varies inversely with the magnitude of the composite level, and

adjusting the signal level represented by an information sample from each port to be included in an output sample in accordance with the coefficient for the port.

25. The method set forth in claim 24 wherein the coefficient and the composite level fro each port have magnitudes C and SL, respectively, and that the coefficient for each port is generated such that the product of C times SL approximates a constant.

26. The method set forth in claim 24 or 25 wherein said step of generating a coefficient for each port includes the steps of comparing the composite level with a reference level for the port, adjusting the reference level by a predetermined amount when the composite and reference reference level to the coefficient for the port.

27. The method set forth in claim 26 wherein said step of adjusting the reference level for each port includes the steps of increasing the reference level for the port by a first predetermined amount when the composite level is greater than the reference level and decreasing the reference level for the port by a second predetermined amount when the composite level is less than the reference level.

28. The method set forth in claim 27 wherein said method further comprises the step of repetitively performing the prior steps during each one of a plurality of time intervals.

29. In a digital conference arrangement having a plurality of ports for receiving information samples each representing the level of a signal, apparatus for equalizing among the ports the signal level represented by an information sample on each port to be included in an output sample for distribution to the ports;

comprising;

means for forming a composite level for each port from the signal levels represented by information samples received on the port,

means for generating for each port a coefficient having a magnitude which varies inversely with the magnitude of the composite level, and

means for adjusting the signal level represented by an information sample from each port to be included in an output sample in response to the coefficient for the port.

30. The apparatus in accordance with claim 29 wherein the coefficient and the composite level for each port have magnitudes C and SL, respectively, and that said generating means generates the coefficient for each port such that the product of C times SL approximates a constant.

31. The apparatus in accordance with claim 29 or 30 in which said means for generating a coefficient for each port comprises means for comparing the composite level with a reference level for the port, means for adjusting the reference level by a predetermined amount when the composite and reference levels for the port are different, and means for mapping the reference level to the coefficient for the port.

32. The apparatus in accordance with claim 31 in which said means for adjusting the reference level for each port comprises means for increasing the reference level for the port by a first predetermined amount when the composite level is greater than the reference level and means for decreasing the reference level for the port by a second predetermined amount when the composite level is less than the reference level.