Electrical line interruption detection and alarm circuit

• US 4,598,281 A
• Filed: 12/02/1983
• Issued: 07/01/1986
• Est. Priority Date: 12/15/1982
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Siemens AG
• Original Assignee: Siemens AG
• Inventors: Maas, Michael
• Primary Examiner(s): Rowland, James L.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Myer, Daniel
• Application Number:
  US06/557,519
• Time in Patent Office: 942 Days
• Field of Search: 340/664, 340/663, 340/661, 340/652, 340/651, 340/650, 340/649, 324/51, 307/355, 307/358, 307/359, 307/362, 128/696, 128/731, 128/734, 128/902, 128/908
• US Class Current: 340/664
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/276 Protection against electrode failure
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/28 for electrocardiography [ECG]
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 31/52 Testing for short-circuits, leakage current or ground faults
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 31/54 Testing for continuity
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 128/902 Biological signal amplifier
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 128/908 Patient protection from electric shock

Abstract

A circuit for detecting and indicating an interruption in the electrical connection between a signal device and a signal processing device, which has been provided with an amplifier at its input. The signal device has a relatively low impedance and the signal processing device has a relatively high impedance. The circuit includes an alarm device which generates an alarm when the predetermined upper limit of the amplifier input voltage has been exceeded. Also included are a supply circuit to feed an auxiliary dc current into the connection between the signal device and the signal processing device. The supplied auxiliary current is controlled by the amplifier input voltage to rise during an increased amplifier input voltage. As a result, a lower current supply can be provided under normal circumstances, which reduces misinterpretations. Preferably, the circuit is used in connection with ECG measuring devices.

Claims

1. A circuit for detecting excessive impedances between a body under test and an input of a signal processing device which contains an amplifier, said signal processing device being connected to said body by a low impedance electrical connection, and said input having a voltage applied thereto by said connection comprising:

(a) a supply circuit to supply a variable auxiliary DC current to said electrical connection, said circuit operating to increase said current with increasing voltage at said input; and

(b) an alarm device which generates an alarm indicating excessive impedance when said input voltage is outside a predetermined range.

2. The circuit of claim 1, wherein said supply circuit derives said auxiliary DC current from an output voltage of said amplifier.

3. The circuit as recited in claim 2, wherein said amplifier is an operational amplifier and wherein an ohmic feedback resistor is provided between the output of said operational amplifier and said electrical connection, said feedback resistor being operative for generating said auxiliary DC current.

4. The circuit as recited in claim 3, wherein said feedback resistor has a high impedance in comparison to the impedance of said signal processing device.

5. The circuit as recited in claim 2, further comprising a feedback amplifier, said feedback amplifier being connected between the output of said amplifier and the input of said signal processing device.

6. The circuit as recited in claim 2, wherein said supply circuit operates such that said auxiliary DC current is linearly related to said input voltage of said signal processing device.

7. The circuit as recited in claim 1, further comprising a feedback amplifier, said feedback amplifier being connected between the output of said amplifier and the input of said signal processing device.

8. The circuit as recited in claim 1, wherein said supply circuit is connected for supplying an auxiliary DC current to a multiplicity of electrical connections formed between signal devices and said signal processing device, and wherein said alarm is responsive to an excessive impedance in any of said signal devices.

9. The circuit as recited in claim 8, wherein said supply circuit comprises at least one differential amplifier, said differential amplifier being operative for handling three signal devices;

and wherein a resistor network is employed for connecting the outputs of said differential amplifier to the inputs of said differential amplifier, said resistor network generating a mean voltage reference.

10. The circuit as recited in claim 1, wherein said signal device is a voltage sensing electrode for connection to a patient.

11. The circuit as recited in claim 10, wherein said voltage sensing electrode is an ECG electrode.

12. The circuit as recited in claim 1, wherein said supply circuit operates such that auxiliary DC current is linearly related to said input voltage of said signal processing device.

13. The circuit as recited in claim 1, wherein said alarm device operates in a manner that said alarm is generated when said input voltage is below a lower limit of said range.

14. The circuit as recited in claim 1, wherein said alarm device operates in a manner that said alarm is generated when said input voltage is above an upper limit of said range.