Consequent pole permanent magnet rotor

• US 4,631,435 A
• Filed: 12/18/1985
• Issued: 12/23/1986
• Est. Priority Date: 12/18/1985
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: The Garrett Corporation
• Original Assignee: The Garrett Corporation
• Inventors: McCarty, Frederick B.
• Primary Examiner(s): Salce, Patrick R.
• Assistant Examiner(s): REBSCH, DONALD
• Application Number:
  US06/810,967
• Time in Patent Office: 370 Days
• Field of Search: 310/156, 310/162, 310/257, 310/261, 310/166, 310/181, 29/598
• US Class Current: 310/156.77
• CPC Class Codes: H02K 1/2746 the rotor consisting of magnets arranged with the same polarity, e.g. consequent pole type
• CPC Class Codes: H02K 1/278 Surface mounted magnets; Inset magnets
• CPC Class Codes: H02K 21/46 Motors having additional short-circuited winding for starting as an asynchronous motor

Abstract

A rotor for an electrical machine has large permanent magnets located at half the pole locations, with alternating pole locations containing ferromagnetic projections which become consequent poles in the rotor. The permanent magnet poles have a high reluctance, while the ferromagnetic poles have a very low reluctance, thereby affording variable flux linkage between the rotor and a stator. Magnetic homogeneity is improved, while susceptibility to thermal degradation in the rotor is reduced substantially.

Claims

1. A permanent magnet rotor for an electrical machine, comprising:

a ferromagnetic yoke;

a plurality of permanent magnets installed about the periphery of said ferromagnetic yoke to form permanent magnet poles, said ferromagnetic yoke having a plurality of radially outwardly extending projections disposed between said permanent magnets, said ferromagnetic projections being consequent ferromagnetic poles;

a plurality of damper bars fitted between said permanent magnet poles and said ferromagnetic poles, said damper bars made of a non-ferromagnetic, conducting material; and

a retaining hoop placed in interference fit fashion over said permanent magnets, said ferromagnetic projections, and said damper bars.

2. A rotor as defined in claim 1, wherein said permanent magnet poles are high reluctance poles and said ferromagnetic poles are low reluctance poles.

3. A rotor as defined in claim 1, wherein said permanent magnet poles are made of high magnetic energy product material.

4. A rotor as defined in claim 3, wherein said high energy product material, is a member of the group comprising samarium cobalt and neodymium-iron-boron.

5. A rotor as defined in claim 1, wherein said plurality of permanent magnet poles are each magnetically oriented in the same radial direction.

6. A rotor as defined in claim 1, additionally comprising:

pole head dampers located in said ferromagnetic poles, said pole head dampers being made of conductive material.

7. A rotor as defined in claim 1, wherein said damper bars are so arranged and configured as to have a plurality of axially extending lightening holes therein.

8. A rotor as defined in claim 1, wherein said ferromagnetic frame is made of material having a low reluctance.

9. A rotor as defined in claim 1, additionally comprising:

a pair of damper rings located at the ends of said ferromagnetic yoke, said damper rings preventing said permanent magnets from moving axially on said ferromagnetic yoke.

10. A permanent magnet rotor for an electrical machine, comprising:

a yoke made of ferromagnetic material and essentially cylindrical in configuration, said yoke having an inner radius and an outer radius;

a plurality of permanent magnets for installation on said yoke, said permanent magnets being crowned with a radius equal to said outer radius, portions of said ferromagnetic material being removed from said yoke to allow said plurality of permanent magnets to be received in said yoke with the crown of said permanent magnets coincidental with said outer radius of said yoke, said permanent magnets each being magnetically oriented in the same radial direction, said permanent magnets being equally spaced apart around the outer periphery of said yoke, with the ferromagnetic material remaining between said permanent magnets forming consequent ferromagnetic poles;

a plurality of axially extending damper bars made of an electrically conductive, non-ferromagnetic material, said damper bars being located in said yoke between said permanent magnets and said ferromagnetic poles with portions of said ferromagnetic material removed to allow said damper bars to be received in said yoke, said damper bars being so arranged and configured as to be coincidental with said outer radius of said yoke; and

a cylindrical retaining hoop made of non-magnetizable material and located in interference fit fashion over said outer radius of said yoke, retaining said permanent magnets and said damper bars in said yoke.

11. A permanent magnet rotor for an electrical machine, comprising:

a ferromagnetic yoke;

a first plurality of poles located at one end of said ferromagnetic yoke, said first plurality of poles being alternating high reluctance permanent magnet poles mounted on said ferromagnetic yoke and low reluctance poles formed by projections from said ferromagnetic yoke;

a second plurality of poles located at the other end of said ferromagnetic yoke, said second plurality of poles being alternating high reluctance permanent magnet poles mounted on said ferromagnetic yoke and low reluctance poles formed by projections from said ferromagnetic yoke;

a first plurality of axially extending damper bars between adjacent ones of said first plurality of poles;

a second plurality of axially extending damper bars between adjacent ones of said second plurality of poles;

means for preventing said permanent magnets from moving axially on said ferromagnetic yoke; and

a retaining hoop mounted around said ferromagnetic yoke, said permanent magnet poles, said ferromagnetic poles, said damper bars, and said preventing means.

12. A rotor as defined in claim 11, wherein said first plurality of poles and said second plurality of poles are so arranged and configured as to have permanent magnet poles in said first plurality of poles aligned with ferromagnetic poles in said second plurality of poles, and vice-versa.

13. A rotor as defined in claim 11, wherein said first plurality of poles and said second plurality of poles are so arranged and configured as to have permanent magnet poles in said first plurality of poles aligned with permanent magnet poles in said second plurality of poles, and ferromagnetic poles in said first plurality of poles aligned with ferromagnetic poles in said second plurality of poles.

14. A rotor as defined in claim 13, wherein each ferromagnetic pole in said first plurality of poles aligned with a ferromagnetic pole from said second set of poles is formed of a unitary segment of ferromagnetic material.

15. A rotor as defined in claim 11, wherein said preventing means comprises:

a plurality of damper spacers made of conductive, non-ferromagnetic material preventing said permanent magnets from moving axially inwardly with respect to said ferromagnetic yoke; and

a pair of damper rings located at the ends of said ferromagnetic yoke, said damper rings preventing said permanent magnets from moving axially outwardly with respect to said ferromagnetic yoke.

16. A permanent magnet rotor for an electrical machine, comprising:

a ferromagnetic yoke having a pair of oppositely disposed radially outwardly extending projections being consequent ferromagnetic poles;

a pair of permanent magnets oppositely disposed about the periphery of said ferromagnetic yoke generally between the consequent ferromagnetic poles thereof;

four non-ferromagnetic conducting material damper bars with an individual damper bar generally disposed between adjacent permanent magnets and ferromagnetic projections; and

a retaining hoop disposed around said permanent magnets, said ferromagnetic projections, and said damper bars.

17. A rotor as defined in claim 16, wherein said permanent magnets have poles of high reluctance and said ferromagnetic poles are low reluctance poles.