Relay switch apparatus

• US 4,638,274 A
• Filed: 03/06/1986
• Issued: 01/20/1987
• Est. Priority Date: 03/06/1986
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Bell Telephone Laboratories, Inc. (Nokia Corporation)
• Original Assignee: AT&T, Inc.
• Inventors: Winquist, Nelson H., Archer, Wendel E., Milton, James L., Renaut, Paul W.
• Primary Examiner(s): Broome, Harold
• Application Number:
  US06/836,681
• Time in Patent Office: 320 Days
• Field of Search: 335/52, 335/51, 335/53, 335/49, 335/55, 335/56, 335/57, 335/58, 335/50, 200/182, 200/209, 200/210
• US Class Current: 335/52
• CPC Class Codes: H01H 1/08 wetted with mercury
• CPC Class Codes: H01H 51/28 Relays having both armature and contacts within a sealed casing outside which the operating coil is located, e.g. contact carried by a magnetic leaf spring or reed H01H51/27 takes precedence

Abstract

A multi-positional mercury switch (1, 2, 3) for use with miniature relays (4). The mercury switch apparatus has mercury wettable magnetic contact structures (11, 12, 211, 212, 221, 222, 311, 312) supported in a sealed envelope member (10, 20, 30) supporting the magnetic contact structures with ends thereof extending from the envelope member for interconnection with terminals of the relay. A mercury holding assembly (13, 14, 23, 24, 33, 34) is slidably located within the sealed envelope member adjacent the magnetic contact structures and is responsive to an external magnetic field generated by electrical signals in a coil (410) surrounding the sealed envelope member for engaging the magnetic contact structures and establishing an electrical conducting path between the magnetic contact structures.

Claims

1. A mercury switch construction (1, 2, 3) comprising

mercury wettable magnetic contact structures (11, 12, 211, 212, 221, 222, 311, 312),

envelope means (10, 20, 30) for supporting said magnetic contact structures in a spaced apart relationship, and

means responsible to an external magnetic field for establishing an electrical conducting path between said magnetic contact structures

characterized in that

said electrical conducting path establishing means comprises

mercury holding means (13, 23, 33) slidably located within said envelope means adjacent said magnetic contact structures and having magnetic means (14, 24, 34) attached thereto responsive to said external magnetic field for engaging said mercury holding means with said contact structures and establishing said electrical conducting path.

2. The mercury switch construction set forth in claim 1

characterized in that

said electrical conducting path establishing means comprises

nonmagnetic cylindrical shell means (13, 23, 33) slidably located within said envelope means and having a mercury wetted inner surface (1300, 1310, 2300, 3300) surrounding said magnetic contact structures in a spaced apart relationship, and

magnetic means (14, 24, 34) located within said cylindrical means and forming a mercury wetted cup about said magnetic contact structures and responsive to said external magnetic field for engaging said mercury cup with said magnetic contact structures and establishing said electrical path.

3. The mercury switch construction set forth in claim 2

characterized in that

said mercury switch construction (1)

wherein said contact structures comprise a soft magnetic pin (11) and a hard magnetic pin (12) each oppositely supported at ends of said envelope means,

wherein said nonmagnetic cylindrical shell means comprises a mercury wetted shell member (13) slidably located within said envelope means having one end sized to slidably receive said hard magnetic pin in continuous electrical engagement and the other end sized to receive said soft magnetic pin in a spaced apart relationship, and

wherein said magnetic means comprises a magnetic plug (14) positioned within said shell member normally in electrical engagement at said shell member one end with said hard magnetic pin and responsive to said external magnetic field for engaging a mercury cup formed at said shell member other end with said soft magnetic pin to establish said electrical conducting path between said soft and hard magnetic pins.

4. The mercury switch construction set forth in claim 2

characterized in that

said mercury switch construction (2)

wherein said contact structures comprise a pair of soft magnetic pins (211, 212) and a pair of hard magnetic pins (221, 222) with each pair of said magnetic pins oppositely supported at ends of said envelope means,

wherein said nonmagnetic cylindrical shell means comprises a mercury wetted shell member (23) slidably located within said envelope means and having a bore at each end sized to surround said pair of hard magnetic pins and said pair of soft magnetic pins in a spaced apart relationship respectively, and

wherein said magnetic means comprises a magnetic plug (24) positioned within said shell member forming mercury cups at each end of said shell member and responsive to said external magnetic field for engaging said mercury cups with said soft and hard magnetic pins to establish electrical paths between said pair of soft magnetic pins and between said pair of hard magnetic pins.

5. The mercury switch construction set forth in claim 2

characterized in that

said mercury switch construction (3)

wherein a permanent magnet (35) is located outside and at one end of said envelope means,

wherein said magnetic contact structures comprises a pair of soft magnetic pins (311, 312) supported at an end of said envelope means opposite said permanent magnet,

wherein said nonmagnetic cylindrical means comprises a nonmagnetic shell member (33) slidably located within said envelope means and having a center bore with a mercury wetted side wall sized for receiving said pair of soft magnetic pins in a spaced apart relationship at one end thereof, and

wherein said magnetic means comprises a soft magnetic plug (34) fitted into said shell member center bore forming a mercury cup therewith and extending from said center bore and responsive to said external magnetic field and said permanent magnet for engaging and disengaging said mercury cup with said soft magnetic pins to establish said electrical conducting path.

6. A multi-positional magnetic mercury relay (4) comprising

a housing (40) having terminals (4001, 4002) extending therefrom,

a bobbin (41) located in said housing and having an energizing coil (410) wound thereon with the coil connected to ones of said terminals, and

switch means (42) enclosed by said bobbin and coupled to other ones of said terminals for interconnecting said switch terminals in response to a magnetic field generated by electrical signals applied to said coil terminals

characterized in that

said switch means comprises

a soft magnetic pin (11),

a hard magnetic pin (12),

a sealed envelope member (10) for oppositely supporting said soft and hard magnetic pins at ends thereof with said soft and hard magnetic pins extending from said sealed envelope ends for interconnection with said switch terminals,

a nonmagnetic mercury wetted cylindrical shell member (13) slidably located within said sealed envelope member having one end sized to slidably receive said hard magnetic pin in continuous electrical engagement and the other end sized to receive said soft magnetic pin in a spaced apart relationship, and

a mercury wettable soft magnetic plug (14) positioned within said shell member in electrical engagement with said hard magnetic pin and responsive to external magnetic field for engaging said soft magnetic pin and establishing an electrical conducting path between said soft and hard magnetic pins.

7. A multi-positional magnetic mercury relay (4) comprising

a housing (40) having terminals (4001, 4002) extending therefrom,

a bobbin (41) located in said housing and having an energizing coil (410) wound thereon with the coil connected to ones of said terminals, and

switch means (41) enclosed by said bobbin and coupled to other ones of said terminals for interconnecting said switch terminals in response to a magnetic field generated by electrical signals applied to said coil terminals

characterized in that

said switch means comprises

a pair of soft magnetic pins (211, 212),

a pair of hard magnetic pins (221, 222),

a sealed envelope member (20) for oppositely supporting said soft and hard magnetic pins at ends thereof with said soft and hard magnetic pins extending from said sealed envelope ends for interconnection with said switch terminals,

a nonmagnetic mercury wetted cylindrical shell member (23) slidably located within said sealed envelope member having one end sized to slidably receive said hard magnetic pins and the other end sized to receive said soft magnetic pins in a spaced apart relationship, and

a mercury wettable soft magnetic plug (24) positioned within said shell member in electric engagement therewith and responsive to said external magnetic field for engaging said soft and hard magnetic pins and establishing an electrical conducting path between said pair of soft magnetic pins and between said pair of hard magnetic pins.

8. A multi-positional magnetic mercury relay (4) comprising

a housing (40) having terminals (4001, 4002) extending therefrom,

a bobbin (41) located in said housing and having an energizing coil (410) wound thereon with the coil connected to ones of said terminals, and

switch means (41) enclosed by said bobbin and coupled to other ones of said terminals for interconnecting said switch terminals in response to a magnetic field generated by electrical signals applied to said coil terminals

characterized in that

said switch means comprises

a pair of soft magnetic pins (311, 312),

a sealed envelope member (30) for supporting said pair of soft magnetic pins at one end thereof with said pair of soft magnetic pins extending from said sealed envelope end for interconnection with said switch terminals,

a permanent magnet (35) positioned outside of said sealed envelope adjacent another end of said sealed envelope opposite said pair of soft magnetic pins,

a nonmagnetic mercury wetted cylindrical shell member (33) slidably located within said sealed envelope member having a common bore (330) sized for receiving said pair of soft magnetic pins in a spaced apart relationship at one end thereof, and

a mercury wettable soft magnetic plug (34) positioned within said shell member bore at the other end thereof forming a mercury wetted cup at said one end and normally attracted to said permanent magnet with said mercury wetted cup disengaged from said pair of soft magnetic pins and responsive to said magnetic field for engaging said mercury wetted cup with said pair of soft magnetic pins and establishing an electrical conducting path between said pair of soft magnetic pins.