Presentation space management and viewporting on a multifunction virtual terminal

• US 4,642,790 A
• Filed: 03/14/1984
• Issued: 02/10/1987
• Est. Priority Date: 03/31/1983
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Original Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Inventors: Pinnell, Martin C., Minshull, John F.
• Primary Examiner(s): Zache, Raulfe B.
• Application Number:
  US06/589,381
• Time in Patent Office: 1,063 Days
• Field of Search: 340/723, 340/724, 340/726, 340/734, 340/747, 340/750, 364/521, 364/518, 364/200, 364/300, 364/900 MS File
• US Class Current: 715/784
• CPC Class Codes: G09G 5/14 Display of multiple viewports
• CPC Class Codes: G09G 5/346 for systems having a bit-mapped display memory

Abstract

An interactive display system includes a display terminal on which an operator may display the data contained in windows (14.1, 14.2 . . . ) on formatted application data (PS 1, PS 2 . . . ) in selected viewports (15.1, 15.2 . . . ) on the screen 13. The system is provided with storage (4), both real and virtual, into which a presentation interface service (2) loads dynamically the entire formatted data (PS 1, PS 2 . . . ) of each application (list 1, list 2 . . . ) as it is invoked by the user. A screen manager (7) maps the data contained in the defined windows into locations (16.1, 16.2 . . . ) of a programmable symbol refresh buffer (6, 8) determined by the corresponding position of viewports (15.1, 15.2 . . . ) on the screen defined by the user and through which the windows are to be viewed.

Claims

1. A method to be practiced in an interactive display system for displaying on a raster-scanned or matrix address display device of a terminal, selected windows of data supplied to or generated by the system in the course of performance of one or more applications invoked by the user of the terminal, said data being supplied or generated in the form of coded information (text, image, or vector orders) and said system comprising formatting means for expanding selected parts of the coded information into full non-coded image representation of the data, means for storing bit image representation of said selected windows of data in a refresh buffer, and means for sampling the contents of said refresh buffer in synchronism with the scan of said display device in order to display the selected data portions mapped in said refresh buffer in corresponding viewports on the display device,

said method being characterized in that said terminal is provided with storage space for on-demand storage and retrieval of bit image representations of all the data formatted by the application or applications invoked by the user whether or not such bit image representations are or will be displayed, presentation interface means is provided and rendered operable in response to such user invocation of an application to allocate presentation space within said storage and to store all formatted data associated with said application therein, and screen manager means is provided and rendered responsive to user input to identify and map the contents of those presentation spaces containing the image representation of said selected windows of data into said refresh buffer.

2. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the display device is adapted to display a picture formed as a plurality of character and/or symbol cells, said refresh buffer being adapted to contain a number of pointers, one of each character or symbol cell position on the display device, and said display device includes a character/symbol generator adapted to contain bit patterns representing characters and/or symbols to be displayed, and

wherein said method if further characterized in that said generator is organized into two sections, a first read-only section containing bit patterns representing characters and/or symbols most likely to experience multiple access for display, and a read/write section adapted to receive and store bit patterns representing characters and/or symbols not already contained in the read-only section, said screen manager being adapted during use to load said refresh buffer with pointers (determined by the content of the picture to be displayed) to the corresponding character and/or symbol cell in the read-only section of said generator, to load said read/write section with bit patterns representing the remaining required cells for display, and to load the refresh buffer with pointers to the appropriate cells in the read/write section accordingly.

3. A method as claimed in claim 2, in which each representation space is structured as a two level tree where a first level space segment associated with an application contains pointers to individual row segments of the space and each row segment contains references to character or symbol cells allocated for that row.

4. A method as claimed in claim 3, in which, for characters and/or symbols contained in said read-only section of said generator, said row segments refer direct to the appropriate cell within the read-only section for subsequent access of characters and/or symbols contained therein, but refer to allocated regions of storage into which the remaining character and/or symbol cells are written as they are encountered during formatting of the application data into its allocated presentation space.

5. A method as claimed in claim 4, in which, said screen manager copies the row segment references to read-only cells in the generator direct to positions within the refresh buffer defined by the position of the corresponding viewport on the screen, allocates cells within the read/write section of the generator for each bit pattern of said remaining characters and/or syumbols within a window, copies said bit patterns to the allocated read/write cells, and converts the references to character and/or symbol cells in allocated storage of said remaining characters and/or symbols within the window to reference to the corresponding read/write cells in the generator.

6. A method as claimed in claim 5, in which predominantly character cells are held in the read-only section of the generator and predominantly graphics cells, generated as required by the application, held in dynamically allocated storage, are copied in the read/write section of the generator for access by the refresh buffer whenever a row segment referring to that cell is included in a window for display.

7. A method as claimed in claim 6, in which character cells are addressed at the top left hand of the cell and display of viewports on character data is initialized at the top left hand corner of the cell and display of viewports on character data is initialized at the top left hand corner of the associated presentation space data.

8. A method as claimed in claim 7, in which graphics cells are addressed at the bottom left hand corner of the cell and display of viewports on graphics data is initialized at the bottom left hand corner of the associated presentation space data.

9. A method as claimed in claim 8, in which said screen manager in response to user input specifying viewport dimensions on the screen determines the location of, and marks cells corresponding to, the left and right boundaries of the viewport on the associated presentation data and thereafter further marks with flags, by means of an area fill algorithm and with reference to the boundary flags, all the cells in the refresh buffer lying between the left and right boundaries.

10. A method as claimed in claim 9, in which the area fill flags within the refresh buffer differ are from one viewport to another so as to provide unique identification of the viewport with which they are associated.

11. A method as claimed in claim 10, including a viewport order list to which a viewport identifier is added each time a new viewport is generated, said list providing an indication of the screen manager of the sequence in which viewport display occurred and identifies the current viewport.

12. A method as claimed in claim 11, in which data in the current viewport is displayed inpreference to data in viewports it overlays, the arrangement being such in the event of movement or deletion of the current viewport, the screen manager program executes a procedure for redisplaying the overlaid data in underlying viewports including the following steps:

(1) redefine the left and right boundaries of each underlying viewport in turn, in the reverse order to that in which the viewports are displayed;

(2) re-execute the flag fill sequence for each marked viewport in turn setting a new flag value for those cells previously overlaid by the current viewport;

(3) re-display each cell in the viewport and change the new flag value for the overlaid cells to the flag value assigned to the viewport being displayed; and

having followed this procedure for all overlaid viewports;

(4) re-set the flags for the cells of the current viewport as longer displayed.

13. A method as claimed in claim 12 in which as real symbol storage locations within said read/write section of the generator are released as a result of viewport movement or deletion, said screen manager operates to chain the released storage locations together in a free list so as to be available for allocation for the storage of subsequent character and/or symbol cells are required.

14. A method as claimed in claim 13, in which as virtual symbol storage location within said allocated storage become available as a result of application deletion from the presentation space, the presentation space service amanger operates to chain the released storage locations together in a free list to be available for dynamic allocation fo rthe storage of new virtual symbols storage cells as required.