Particulate trap

• US 4,645,521 A
• Filed: 04/18/1985
• Issued: 02/24/1987
• Est. Priority Date: 04/18/1985
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Charles W. Freesh
• Original Assignee: Charles W. Freesh
• Inventors: Freesh, Charles W.
• Primary Examiner(s): Nozick, Bernard
• Application Number:
  US06/724,675
• Time in Patent Office: 677 Days
• Field of Search: 55/309, 55/320, 55/331, 55/332, 55/336, 55/338, 55/434, 55/441, 55/DIG. 30, 55/DIG. 20, 60/311, 181/265, 181/258, 181/231
• US Class Current: 55/309
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 45/06 by reversal of direction of flow
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 50/20 Combinations of devices covered by groups B01D45/00 and B01D46/00
• CPC Class Codes: F01N 2230/02 Exhaust filters
• CPC Class Codes: F01N 3/037 by means of inertial or centrifugal separators, e.g. of cyclone type, optionally combined or associated with agglomerators
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/12 Improving ICE efficiencies
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 55/30 Exhaust treatment

Abstract

Apparatus for removing particulate from gases. The apparatus includes an inlet conduit, an outlet conduit, and a cylindrical gas processing chamber positioned between and interconnecting the inlet conduit and outlet conduit. The processing chamber is also connected to a particulate collection chamber by a channel. The gas processing chamber includes a cylindrical wall. A hollow cone-shaped deflector member is positioned in and spaced away from the walls of the processing chamber and is positioned between the inlet and outlet conduits. Gases entering the apparatus flow through the inlet conduit and contact the deflector member. The deflector member directs the major portion of gases from the inlet conduit radially outwardly toward the wall of the gas processing chamber. The gases deflected radially outwardly travel around the deflector member and along the wall of the processing chamber. The majority of the gases traveling near the wall of the processing chamber are drawn away from the wall and exit the processing chamber through the outlet conduit. A minor portion of the gases is diverted from the processing chamber through the channel into the particulate collection chamber.

Claims

1. A particulate trap including

(a) an inlet conduit for receiving a stream of gases containing particulate solids, said conduit having

(i) a wall generally circumscribing an inner space, and imaginary longitudinal axis generally parallel to said wall, and

(ii) a cross-sectional area generally represented by an imaginary plane perpendicular to said longitudinal axis and lying within said inner space circumscribed by said wall,

said gases axially moving through said inner space of said conduit in a selected direction of travel generally parallel to said axis;

(b) a gas processing chamber carried in said particulate trap in fluid communication with said inlet conduit for receiving gases therefrom, and gas processing chamber having

(i) a wall generally circumscribing an inner space, and imaginary longitudinal axis generally parallel to said wall of said processing chamber, and

(ii) a cross-sectional area generally represented by an imaginary plane perpendicular to said axis of said chamber and lying within said inner space circumscribed by said wall of said gas processing chamber,

said cross-sectional area of said gas processing chamber being greater than said cross-sectional area of said inlet conduit;

(c) a first hollow truncated cone-shaped member having a first end and a second end and interconnecting said inlet conduit and said gas processing chamber and

(i) including a wall circumscribing an inner space of said member, and

(ii) coverging from said first end to said second end,

said second end being connected to said wall of said inlet conduit and said first end being connected said wall of said gas processing chamber;

(d) an outlet conduit carried on said trap in fluid communication with said gas processing chamber to receive gases passing from said inlet conduit into and through said first cone-shaped member and said gas processing chamber, said outlet conduit having

(i) a wall generally circumscribing an inner space, and imaginary longitudinal axis generally parallel to said wall, and

(ii) a cross-sectional area generally represented by an imaginary plane perpendicular to said longitudinal axis of said outlet conduit and lying within said inner space circumscribed by said wall;

(e) a second hollow truncated cone-shaped deflector member having a first end and a second end and carried in said particulate trap in said inner space circumscribed by said walls of said inlet conduit, said first cone-shaped member and said gas processing chamber, said second cone-shaped member

(i) being

spaced away from said walls of said inlet conduit, first cone-shaped member and gas processing chamber, and

between said inlet and outlet conduits,

(ii) deflecting gases and particulate outwardly away from said second coneshaped member and inlet conduit toward said walls of said gas processing chamber and first cone-shaped member,

(iii) diverging from said first end to said second end, said first end being positioned between said inlet conduit and said second end, and

(iv) including an aperture formed through said first end and sized to permit a minor effective portion of gases and particulate solids from said inlet conduit to flow generally in said selected direction of travel through said aperture and said second cone-shaped member toward said outlet conduit,

said second cone-shaped member being shaped and dimensioned such that gases and particulate solids deflected therefrom must, after traveling outwardly toward said wall of said gas processing chamber and around said second cone-shaped member, generally travel away from said wall of said processing chamber and inwardly toward said longitudinal axis thereof to flow into said outlet conduit;

said flow of gases and particulate solids through said aperture and said processing chamber in said selected direction of travel toward said outlet conduit tending to inwardly draw away from said wall of said processing chamber gases traveling through said chamber after being deflected by said second coneshaped member toward said wall of said processing chamber and around said second deflector member;

(f) a particulate collection chamber having an outlet for gas; and

,

(g) channel means interconnecting said processing chamber and particulate collection chamber such that a portion of said gases and particulate solids generally moving in said selected direction of travel adjacent said wall of said processing chamber after being deflected toward said wall of said processing chamber by said second cone-shaped member enters said channel means and flows into said collection chamber and said portion of said gases exits through said outlet for gas.

2. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said cross-sectional area of said outlet conduit is generally equivalent to said cross-sectional area of said inlet conduit.

3. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said particulate collection chamber is adjacent said inlet conduit.

4. The apparatus of claim 1 including an auxiliary conduit member attached to and extending from said aperture formed in said second end of said second cone-shaped member and sized such that a minor effective portion of gases and particulate generally flows from said inlet conduit in said selected direction of travel into and through said auxiliary conduit member, through said second hollow cone-shaped member and through said gas processing chamber toward said outlet conduit, said auxiliary conduit member including a distal gas receiving end spaced away from said second cone-shaped member, said auxiliary conduit member having

(a) a wall generally circumscribing an

inner space, and

imaginary longitudinal axis generally parallel to said wall, and

(b) a cross-sectional area generally represented by an imaginary plane perpendicular to said longitudinal axis and lying within said inner space circumscribed by said wall of said auxiliary member.

5. The apparatus of claim 4 wherein said cross-sectional area of said auxiliary conduit member is 1 to 25% of said cross-sectional area of said inlet conduit.

6. The apparatus of claim 4 including a generally cylindrical panel member interconnecting said second end of said second cone-shaped member and said outlet conduit, said cylindrical panel member having perforations formed therethrough, the total of the cross-sectional areas of said perforations being greater than said cross-sectional area of said inlet conduit, said total cross-sectional area of said perforations representing the total available flow-through area available to gases moving through said performation.

7. The apparatus of claim 6 wherein said total of the cross-sectional areas of said perforations is greater than 176% of said cross-section area of said inlet conduit.

8. The apparatus of claim 4 wherein the total surface area of an imaginary generally cylindrical plane interconnecting said second end of said second cone-shaped member and said wall of said outlet conduit is greater than said cross-sectional area of said inlet conduit, said total surface area of said imaginary generally cylindrical plane representing the total available flow-through area available to gases moving away from said wall of said processing chamber to a position between said second cone-shaped member and said outlet conduit.

9. The apparatus of claim 8 wherein said total surface area of said imaginary cylindrical plane is greater than 176% of said cross-sectional area of said inlet conduit.

10. The apparatus of claim 4 including a return channel extending from said particulate collection chamber through said wall of said inlet conduit such that gases flowing through said channel means into said particulate collection chamber can flow through said return channel into said inlet conduit.

11. The apparatus of claim 10 wherein said return channel passes through said wall of said inlet conduit at a point intermediate said distal end of said auxiliary conduit member and said first cone-shaped member.

12. The apparatus of claim 1 including a return channel extending from said particulate collection chamber through said wall of said inlet conduit such that gases flowing through said channel means into said particulate collection chamber can flow through said return channel into said inlet conduit.

13. The apparatus of claim 12 wherein said cross-sectional area of said outlet conduit is generally equivalent to said cross-sectional area of said inlet conduit.