Polymeric heat pipe wick

• US 4,765,396 A
• Filed: 12/16/1986
• Issued: 08/23/1988
• Est. Priority Date: 12/16/1986
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration
• Original Assignee: United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration
• Inventors: Seidenberg, Benjamin
• Primary Examiner(s): DAVIS JR, ALBERT
• Application Number:
  US06/942,158
• Time in Patent Office: 616 Days
• Field of Search: 165/104.26, 165/905, 122/366, 138/38, 138/40, 138/42
• US Class Current: 165/104.26
• CPC Class Codes: F28D 15/043 forming loops, e.g. capillary pumped loops
• CPC Class Codes: F28D 15/046 characterised by the material or the construction of the capillary structure
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 165/905 Materials of manufacture

Abstract

A wick for use in a capillary loop pump heat pipe. The wick material is an essentially uniformly porous, permeable, open-cell, polyethylene thermoplastic foam having an ultra high average molecular weight of from approximately 1,000,000 to 5,000,000, and an average pore size of about 10 to 12 microns. A representative material having these characteristics is POREX UF which has an average molecular weight of about 3,000,000. This material is fully compatible with the FREONs and anhydrous ammonia and allows for the use of these very efficient working fluids in capillary loops.

Claims

1. A wick for inclusion in a capillary loop including a first surface means for contacting a working fluid in a liquid state in said loop, said working fluid being selected from the group consisting of anhydrous ammonia and the fluorinated hydrocarbons, and a second surface means for evaporation of said liquid in said loop, said wick being comprised of a polymer which is essentially uniformly porous and permeable and which has an average molecular weight in the range of about one million to five million with a small average pore size, said polymer being chemically and physically compatible with said working fluid.

2. The wick of claim 1 wherein said wick generally has a shape of a hollowed cylinder with an open end for liquid entrance and a closed end to block liquid flow, said first surface means being the interior surface area of said cylinder and said second surface means being the exterior surface area of said cylinder.

3. The wick of claim 1 wherein said polymer is an open-cell, polyethylene, thermoplastic foam.

4. The wick of claim 1 wherein said average molecular weight is approximately 3,000,000.

5. The wick of claim 3 wherein said small average pore size is in the range of about 10 to 12 microns.

6. The wick of claim 3 wherein said polymer has an average molecular weight of 3,000,000, an average pore size of about 10 to 12 microns, a void volume density of from 40 to 55%, a density at 40% void volume of 0.58 g/cc, a specific gravity unfoamed of 0.94, and a coefficient of thermal expansion of 13×

10^-5 in/in/°

C.

7. A capillary loop including a heat pipe in the form of a continuous loop, a wick positioned within less than the entire portion of said heat pipe comprised of an essentially uniformly porous, permeable and ultra high average molecular weight polymer with a small average pore size, said loop further including a working fluid contained within said heat pipe, said working fluid being selected from the group consisting of anhydrous ammonia and the fluorinated hydrocarbons, said polymer being chemically and physically compatible with said working fluid.

8. The capillary loop of claim 7 wherein said polymer is an open-cell, polyethylene, thermoplastic foam with an average molecular weight in the range of from approximately 1,000,000 to 5,000,000 and an average pore size of about 10 to 12 microns.

9. The capillary loop of claim 7 wherein said average molecular weight is approximately 3,000,000.

10. The capillary loop of claim 7 wherein said fluorinated hydrocarbon is trichlorofluoromethane.

11. The capillary loop of claim 7 wherein said fluorinated hydrocarbon is trichlorotrifluoroethane.

12. The capillary loop of claim 7 wherein said fluorinated hydrocarbon is dichlorotetrafluoroethane.

13. The capillary loop of claim 7 wherein said portion of said heat pipe in which said wick is positioned has a plurality of spaced axial grooves formed therein contiguously surrounding said wick.

14. A wick for inclusion in a capillary loop including a first surface means for contacting a working fluid in a liquid state in said loop and a second surface means for evaporation of said liquid in said loop, said wick being comprised of a porous, permeable and ultra high average molecular weight, open-cell, polyethylene foam.

15. The wick of claim 14 wherein said ultra high average molecular weight is in the range of from approximately 1,000,000 to 5,000,000.

16. The wick of claim 14 wherein said ultra high average molecular weight is approximately 3,000,000.

17. The wick of claim 14 wherein said foam has a small average pore size in the range of about 10 to 12 microns.