Digitizer stylus with pressure transducer

• US 4,786,764 A
• Filed: 03/20/1987
• Issued: 11/22/1988
• Est. Priority Date: 03/20/1987
• Status: Expired

• Current Assignee: Summagraphics Corp.
• Original Assignee: Summagraphics Corp.
• Inventors: Padula, Michael J., Matthews, Henry G.
• Primary Examiner(s): SCHREYER, STAFFORD
• Application Number:
  US07/028,494
• Time in Patent Office: 613 Days
• Field of Search: 178/18, 178/19, 178/87, 340/706, 338/67, 338/2, 338/6, 382/13, 382/59, 200/262, 200/265
• US Class Current: 178/19.04
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/03545 Pens or stylus

Abstract

A stylus switch is activated automatically when the tip of the stylus is pressed against a digitizer tablet with sufficient force. The pressure switch includes a transducer in the form of an ink layer having electrical resistance which varies as a function of the pressure applied thereon. Electrodes of conductive ink contact the ink layer of the transducer, providing a circuit element including a variable resistance. The current which flows between the two conductive ink electrodes varies as a function of the force with which the stylus tip is pressed against the data tablet, thus providing an analog output which can be detected as a function of pressure or which can be detected to determine when the pressing force exceeds a predetermined value. Processing of the data representing the coordinates of the stylus tip is enabled only when the tip is being pressed with at least a predetermined force, i.e. the amount of force applied by a stylus user during writing. The ink layers of the electrodes and transducer, as well as the stylus anode, are applied on a single piece of flexible plastic film which is wrapped around a central assembly and inside a coaxial barrel. A collapsible dome of metal is arranged to provide tactile feedback to the user when the predetermined force is obtained.

Claims

1. A stylus for use with a digitizer tablet having a working surface, comprising:

a conductive tip for pressing against the working surface of said digitizer tablet;

a transducer having electrical resistance, said resistance varying with the amount of compressive force applied to said transducer;

a pair of electrodes conductively contacting said transducer and in electrical circuit with said variable resistance when said compressive force is applied, said tip being electrically insulated from said electrodes;

means for capacitively coupling said tip to one of said electrodes; and

mechanical means for transmitting to said transducer a compressive force substantially equal to the pressure being exerted on the working surface of said tablet by said tip, whereby the resistance of said transducer is a function of said pressure.

2. The stylus as defined in claim 1, wherein said transducer includes a layer of conductive ink having a resistance which changes as a function of the compressive force applied thereon.

3. The stylus as defined in claim 2, wherein each of said electrodes includes a layer of conductive ink which is electrically connected to said transducer when said tip is pressed against the working surface of said digitizer tablet.

10. The stylus as defined in claim 1, further comprising a thin flexible material in the shape of a dome, said dome being subject to reversible collapse when pressure is applied on said dome, said dome being positioned between first and second parts of said mechanical means, said mechanical means transmitting said compressive force to said transducer by acting on and collapsing said dome.

11. The stylus as defined in claim 1, further comprising:

a sleeve-shaped casing having an axis; and

a support means substantially fixedly arranged relative to said casing and having a first planar surface substantially transverse to said axis of said casing,

wherein said mechanical means has a pressing means axially movable relative to said casing and having a second planar surface substantially transverse to said axis of said casing, said first and second planar surfaces being arranged in opposition, and said transducer and said electrodes being sandwiched between said first and second planar surfaces.

4. A stylus for use with a digitizer tablet having a working surface, comprising:

a tip for pressing against the working surface of said digitizer tablet;

a transducer having electrical resistance, said resistance varying with the amount of compressive force applied to said transducer;

a pair of electrodes conductively contacting said transducer and in electrical circuit with said variable resistance when said compressive force is applied; and

mechanical means for transmitting to said transducer a compressive force substantially equal to the pressure being exerted on the working surface of said tablet by said tip, whereby the resistance of said transducer is a function of said pressure, said transducer including a layer of conductive ink having a resistance which changes as a function of the compressive force applied thereon, each of said electrodes including a layer of conductive ink which is electrically connected to said transducer when said tip is pressed against the working surface of said digitizer tablet, said layer of conductive ink of said transducer being applied on a first plastic backing layer and said layer of conductive ink of said electrodes being applied on a second plastic backing layer, said first and second backing layers being non-conductive.

5. The stylus as defined in claim 4, wherein said backing layers are flexible.

6. The stylus as defined in claim 4, wherein said backing layers are made of Mylar.

7. The stylus as defined in claim 4, wherein said first and second backing layers are connected by a bridging portion, said first and second backing layers and said bridging portion being formed as a single layer of plastic, said single layer of plastic being folded at said bridging portion.

8. A stylus for use with a digitizer tablet having a working surface, comprising:

a tip for pressing against the working surface of said digitizer tablet;

a transducer having electrical resistance, said resistance varying with the amount of compressive force applied to said transducer;

a pair of electrodes conductively contacting said transducer and in electrical circuit with said variable resistance when said compressive force is applied; and

mechanical means for transmitting to said transducer a compressive force substantially equal to the pressure being exerted on the working surface of said tablet by said tip, whereby the resistance of said transducer is a function of said pressure, said transducer including a layer of conductive ink having a resistance which changes as a function of the compressive force applied thereon, each of said electrodes including a layer of conductive ink which is electrically connected to said transducer when said tip is pressed against the working surface of said digitizer tablet, said mechanical means for transmitting force being constructed to apply said compressive force to said ink layer of said transducer over an area which increases as said compressive force increases, the resistance of said ink layer of said transducer being dependent on both the magnitude of said compressive force and the area of said ink layer of said transducer to which said force is applied.

9. The stylus as defined in claim 8, wherein said mechanical means includes a part having a rounded end made of resilient material in contact with and transmitting said compressive force to said transducer in response to pressing of said tip against the working surface of said tablet, the area of contact of said rounded end increasing as said compressive force increases.

12. A stylus for use with a digitizer tablet having a working surface, comprising:

a conductive tip for pressing against the working surface of said digitizer tablet;

switch means electrically insulated from said tip for changing from a first state to a second state in response to a predetermined compressive force applied to said switch means, said switch means having first and second terminals;

means capacitively coupling one of said terminals to said tip; and

mechanical means for transmitting to said switch means a compressive force substantially equal to the pressure being exerted on the working surface of said digitizer tablet by said tip, whereby said switch state is changed in response to the pressure surpassing said predetermined compressive force.

13. A stylus as defined in claim 12, wherein said switch means includes a pair of electrical contacts and a conductive bridge, said mechanical means causing said conductive bridge to electrically connect said pair of contacts when said pressure force exceeds said predetermined compressive force.

14. A stylus as defined in claim 13, wherein said switch means includes a flexible plastic sheet, said pair of electrical contacts being applied on one surface of said sheet, said capacitive coupling means comprising an electrical layer on said sheet.

15. A stylus as defined in claim 14, wherein said conductive bridge comprises a thin layer of conductive material in the shape of a dome, said dome being subject to reversible collapse when said predetermined compressive force is applied on said dome, said dome being positioned between said mechanical means and said pair of electrical contacts, said mechanical means closing said switch by applying said predetermined compressive force to said dome.

16. A stylus for use with a digitizer tablet having a working surface and a first electrode, comprising:

a sleeve-shaped casing having an axis;

a conductive tip for pressing against the working surface of said digitizer tablet, said tip projecting from an end of said casing;

an anode capacitively coupled to said first electrode of said digitizer tablet via said tip;

a terminal electrically connected to said anode for outputting a signal produced during capacitive coupling of said anode; and

a thin substrate made of flexible material, and wrapped inside said casing, wherein said anode and said terminal are applied on said thin substrate.

17. A stylus for use with a digitizer tablet having a working surface and a first electrode, comprising:

a sleeve-shaped casing having an axis;

a tip for pressing against the working surface of said digitizer tablet, said tip projecting from an end of said casing;

an anode capable of being capacitively coupled to said first electrode of said digitizer tablet;

a terminal electrically connected to said anode for outputting a signal produced during capacitive coupling of said anode; and

a thin substrate made of flexible material, and wrapped inside said casing, wherein said anode and said terminal are applied on said thin substrate, said stylus further comprising;

a transducer having electrical resistance, said resistance varying with the magnitude of a compressive force applied to said transducer;

a pair of electrodes conductively contacting said transducer during application of said compressive force; and

mechanical means for transmitting to said transducer a compressive force substantially equal to the pressure being exerted on the working surface of said tablet by said, whereby the resistance of said transducer is a function of said pressure;

wherein said transducer and said pair of electrodes are respectively applied on said thin substrate.

18. The stylus as defined in claim 17, wherein said transducer includes a layer of conductive ink having a resistance which changes as a function of the compressive force applied thereon, and said electrodes each include a layer of conductive ink, said transducer being formed on a first portion of said substrate, said electrodes being formed on a second portion of said substrate, said anode being formed on a third portion of said substrate, said first and second portions being connected by a fourth portion of said substrate, said substrate being folded at said fourth portion.

19. The stylus as claimed in claim 17, further comprising a pen refill and an inner barrel in which said pen refill is arranged, the tip of said refill serving as said tip of said stylus and said mechanical means including a part of said pen refill, wherein said fourth portion of said substrate is wrapped around said inner barrel.

20. The stylus as defined in claim 17, further comprising a support means substantially fixedly arranged relative to said casing and having a first planar surface substantially transverse to said axis of said casing,

wherein said mechanical means has a pressing means axially movable relative to said casing and having a second planar surface substantially transverse to said axis of said casing, said first and second planar surfaces being arranged in opposition, and said transducer and said electrodes being sandwiched between said first and second planar surfaces.