Drive system and vehicle for use therewith

• US 4,809,803 A
• Filed: 04/06/1987
• Issued: 03/07/1989
• Est. Priority Date: 04/06/1987
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: General Dynamics Land Systems Incorporated (General Dynamics Corporation)
• Original Assignee: General Dynamics Land Systems Incorporated (General Dynamics Corporation)
• Inventors: Neumeyer, Martin J., Fedorowycz, Bohdan W., Ahern, Charles J.
• Primary Examiner(s): Bertsch, Richard A.
• Application Number:
  US07/034,651
• Time in Patent Office: 701 Days
• Field of Search: 180/22, 180/233, 180/65.1, 180/65.4, 180/236, 180/65.7, 180/79, 290/15, 290/27, 280/771
• US Class Current: 180/65.245
• CPC Class Codes: B60G 11/23 of the torsional-energy-absorption type
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2210/20 AC to AC converters
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2220/14 Synchronous machines
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 50/13 using AC generators and AC motors
• CPC Class Codes: B62D 11/06 by means of a single main power source
• CPC Class Codes: B62D 55/104 Suspension devices for wheels, rollers, bogies or frames vehicle suspension in general B60G
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/64 Electric machine technologies in electromobility
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/7072 Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/72 Electric energy management in electromobility

Abstract

An electrical drive system is controlled by a microprocessor-based, electronic control unit which is coupled to operator-generated input signals and various feedback signals to individually control the major components of the drive system including a turbine engine, a three-phase alternator, power control units and their respective synchronous AC motors and gearboxes. A combat vehicle which utilizes the drive system includes a vehicle bed on which right and left sets of three wheels are mounted on opposite sides of the centerline of the vehicle in driving engagement with their respective gearboxes. Each of the wheels includes a hollow hub in which its gearbox and its synchronous AC motor is mounted. A torsilastic suspension system supports the wheels on the vehicle bed. The turbine engine drives the alternator which comprises a brushless, synchronous device having a variable three-phase power output. Each of the power control units first rectifies the three-phase output power, then controls the resulting DC power and finally converts the controlled DC power to variable frequency AC power to independently control the speed and torque of its motor. The vehicle turns by electrically slowing the motors on one side of the centerline of the vehicle and electrically speeding up the motors on the other side so that the vehicle turns about the wheels whose motors are electrically slowed (i.e. regenerative skid steering).

Claims

1. A vehicle bed comprising:

a vehicle bed;

right and left sets of wheels mounted on opposite sides of the centerline of the vehicle, each of said wheels including a hollow hub;

a source of mechanical power mounted on the vehicle bed;

a suspension system for supporting the wheels on the vehicle bed;

right and left sets of wheel drive units, each of said wheel drive units being connected within its respective hub for rotation of its respective wheel upon the application of drive torque;

right and left sets of electric drive motors, each of said motors being connected to its respective drive unit within its respective hub for receiving electrical power and converting the electrical power into drive torque;

an alternator mounted on the vehicle bed and connected to the source of mechanical power for receiving the application of drive torque therefrom and converting the mechanical power into electrical power; and

power control means mounted on the vehicle bed and coupled to the alternator and each of the motors, wherein said power control means conditions and controls the electrical power received by each of the motors to independently control the speed and torque of each of the motors wherein said power control means is responsive to power control signals to control the motors to provide regenerative skid steering, one of the sets of motors slowing rotation of its respective set of wheels, the one set of motors generating electric power, and the other set of motors increasing rotation of its respective set of wheels, the other set of motors being driven with increased electric power.

2. The invention as claimed in claim 1 wherein said alternator is a brushless, synchronous device responsive to a set of alternator control signals and having a variable three-phase power output.

3. The invention as claimed in claim 2 wherein each of said motors is a synchronous AC motor.

4. The invention as claimed in claim 3 wherein each of said motors has a three-phase stator and a rotor with a multiplicity of permanent magnets.

5. The invention as claimed in claim 4 wherein said magnets are rare earth permanent magnets.

6. The invention as claimed in claim 3 wherein said power control means includes a power control unit for each of said motors, and wherein each of said power control units includes a three-phase rectifier circuit for converting the three-phase AC power from the alternator to DC power.

7. The invention as claimed in claim 6 wherein each of said power control units includes a control circuit responsive to a first set of power control signals for controlling its respective DC power.

8. The invention as claimed in claim 7 wherein each of said power control units includes an inverter circuit responsive to a second set of control signals for converting the controlled DC power to AC power, said AC power being coupled to its respective motor to control its torque and speed.

9. The invention as claimed in claim 1 wherein the vehicle has a first set of three wheels mounted at spaced locations on one side of the centerline and a second set of three wheels mounted on the opposite side of the centerline.

10. The invention as claimed in claim 1 wherein each of said drive units includes a variable speed gearbox mounted within its respective hub, each gearbox being responsive to a set of drive control signals to control its speed and wherein each of said drive motors includes an output shaft coupled to its respective gearbox within its respective hub to transfer drive torque thereto.

11. The invention as claimed in claim 10 wherein each of said gearboxes is a two-speed gearbox.

12. The invention as claimed in claim 1 wherein the source of mechanical power is a turbine engine and wherein said turbine is responsive to a set of engine control signals.

13. The invention as claimed in claim 12 including gearing for coupling the turbine engine to the alternator.

14. The invention as claimed in claim 1 wherein the vehicle is an electrically driven combat vehicle.

16. The invention as claimed claim 1 or claim 15 wherein the source of power, the alternator, the power control means and each of the drive units are responsive to control signals and wherein the invention further comprises an electronic control unit responsive to operator-generated input signals and feedback signls from the alternator, the power control means and each of the motors for providing said control signals.

17. The invention as claimed in claim 1 or claim 15 wherein said suspension system includes a suspension unit for each of said wheels and wherein each of said suspension units has a road arm and a torsilastic spring connected to its respective road arm.

18. The invention as claimed in claim 17 wherein said suspension system further includes a shock absorber connected to each of said road arms.

15. An electrically driven combat vehicle comprising:

a vehicle bed;

right and left sets of three wheels, the sets being mounted on opposite sides of the centerline of the vehicle, each of said wheels including a hollow hub;

a source of mechanical power including a turbine engine mounted on the vehicle bed;

a suspension system for supporting the wheels on the vehicle bed;

right and left sets of three drive units, each of said drive units including a gearbox connected within its respective hub for rotation of its respective wheel upon the application of drive torque;

right and left sets of three synchronous AC motors, each of said motors being connected to its respective gearbox within its respective hub, each of said motors having a three-phase stator and a rotor with a multiplicity of rare-earth permanent magnets;

a brushless, synchronous alternator mounted on the vehicle bed and connected to the turbine engine for receiving the application of drive torque therefrom and converting the mechanical power into a variable, three-phase output power; and

power control means mounted on the vehicle bed and coupled to the alternator and each of the motors, wherein said power control means conditions and controls the electrical power received by each of the motors to independently control the speed and torque of each of the motors and wherein said power control means controls one set of the motors so that the one set of motors slows rotation of its respective set of wheels, the one set of motors generating electric power, and the other set of motors increasing rotation of its respective set of wheels, the other set of motors being driven with increased electric power to thereby provide regenerative skid steering.