Global positioning system course acquisition code receiver

• US 4,847,862 A
• Filed: 04/07/1988
• Issued: 07/11/1989
• Est. Priority Date: 04/07/1988
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Trimble Navigation Limited (Trimble Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Trimble Navigation Limited (Trimble Inc.)
• Inventors: Eschenbach, Ralph F., Braisted, Paul E.
• Primary Examiner(s): Cangialosi, Salvatore
• Application Number:
  US07/178,980
• Time in Patent Office: 460 Days
• Field of Search: 375/1, 375/115, 375/119, 375/120, 370/104, 370/107, 455/173, 455/257, 455/330
• US Class Current: 375/376
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 19/24 Acquisition or tracking or demodulation of signals transmitted by the system synchronisation aspects of direct sequence spread spectrum modulation H04B1/7073
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 19/36 relating to the receiver frond end
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 19/54 using carrier phase measurements; using long or short baseline interferometry
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 3/46 using antennas spaced apart and measuring phase or time difference between signals therefrom, i.e. path-difference systems
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 3/48 the waves arriving at the antennas being continuous or intermittent and the phase difference of signals derived therefrom being measured
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 1/7075 with code phase acquisition

Abstract

Two receiver channels each driven by a common local oscillator signal are employed. The signal developed by the first receiver channel is used to drive in phase (I) and quadrature (Q) counters of a Castas-loop, which phase-locks to the signal. The signal developed by the second receiver channel is used to drive another pair of in phase (I) and quadrature (Q) counters, which develop signals from which heading information is calculated.

Claims

1. A receiver comprising in combination:

means for generating a local oscillator signal;

a first receiver channel including,

means for receiving a transmitted signal, and

down-converting means connected to said local-oscillator-generating means, said first receiver-channel down-converting means for mixing said local-oscillator signal with a signal derived from said first receiver-channel received signal to generate a first down-converted signal;

a second receiver channel including,

means for receiving said transmitted signal, and

down-converting means connected to said local-oscillator-generating means, said second receiver-channel down-converting means for mixing said local-oscillator signal with a signal derived from said second receiver-channel received signal to generate a second down-converted signal;

carrier-synthesizer means for generating a signal having a frequency established by carrier-synthesizer-means-driving signals;

first counter means coupled to said first receiver channel and connected to said carrier-synthesizer means, said first counter means for developing signals representing a count which is incremented at each of a series of times marked by said carrier-synthesizer-means-generated signal when a signal developed from said first down-converted signal has a predetermined one of two states and decremented at each of said carrier-synthesizer-means-generated-signal marked times otherwise;

second counter means coupled to said second receiver channel and connected to said carrier-synthesizer means, said second counter means for developing signals represented a count which is incremented at each of a series of times marked by said carrier-synthesizer-means-generated signal when a signal developed from said second down-converted signal has a predetermined one of two states and decremented at each of said carrier-synthesizer-means-generated-signal marked times otherwise; and

controller means connected to said carrier-synthesizer means and connected to said first and said second counter means, said controller means being responsive to said first-counter-means-developed signals and operative to develop said carrier-synthesizer-means-driving signals so as to lock the frequency of said carrier-synthesizer-means-generated signal to the frequency of said first down-converted signal.

2. A GPS satellite receiver comprising in combination:

means for generating a local oscillator signal;

a first receiver channel including,

means for receiving a satellite signal, and

down-converting means conencted to said local-oscillator-generating means, said first receiver-channel down-converting means for mixing said local-oscillator signal with a signal derived from said first receiver-channel received-satellite signal to generate a first down-converted satellite signal;

a second receiver channel including,

means for receiving said satellite signal, and

down-converting means connected to said local-oscillator-generating means, said second receiver-channel down-converting means for mixing said local-oscillator signal with a signal derived from said second receiver-channel received-satellite signal to generate a second down-converted satellite signal;

carrier-synthesizer means for generating a first signal having a frequency established by carrier-synthesizer-means-driving signals;

first Q-counter means coupled to said first receiver channel and connected to said carrier-synthesizer means, said first Q-counter means for developing signals representing a count which is incremented at each of a series of times marked by said carrier-synthesizer-means-generated first signal when a signal developed from said first down-converted satellite signal has a predetermined one of two states and decremented at each of said carrier-synthesizer-means-generated-first-signal marked times otherwise;

second Q-counter means coupled to said second receiver channel and connected to said carrier-synthesizer means, said second Q-counter means for developing signals representing a count which is incremented at each of a series of times marked by said carrier-synthesizer-means-generated first signal when a signal developed from said second down-converted satellite signal has a predetermined one of two states and decremented at each of said carrier-synthesizer-means-generated-first-signal marked times otherwise; and

controller means connected to said carrier-synthesizer means and connected to said first and said second Q-counter means, said controller means being responsive to said first Q-counter-means-developed signals and operative to develop said carrier-synthesizer-means-driving signals so as to lock the frequency of said carrier-synthesizer-means-generated first signal to the frequency of said first down-converted satellite signal.

3. A GPS satellite receiver as recited in claim 2 wherein said carrier-synthesizer means further generates a second signal which is in phase quadrature with said carrier-synthesizer-means-generated first signal and wherein the receiver further comprises first I-counter means coupled to said first receiver channel, connected to said carrier-synthesizer means and connected to said controller means, said I-counter means for developing controller-means-driving signals representing a count which is incremented at each of a series of times marked by said carrier-synthesizer-means-generated second signal when said signal developed from said first down-converted satellite signal has a predetermined one of two states and decremented at each of said second carrier-synthesizer-means-generated-signal marked times otherwise.

4. A GPS satellite receiver as recited in claim 3 further comprising second I-counter means coupled to said second receiver channel, connected to said carrier-synthesizer means and connected to said controller means, said I-counter means for developing controller-means-driving signals representing a count which is incremented at each of a series of times marked by said carrier-synthesizer-means-generated second signal when said signal developed from said second down-converted satellite signal has a predetermined one of two states and decremented at each of said second carrier-synthesizer-means-generated-signal marked times otherwise.

5. A GPS satellite receiver as recited in claim 2 wherein said carrier-synthesizer means further generates a second signal which is in phase quadrature with said carrier-synthesizer-means-generated first signal and wherein the receiver further comprises I-counter means coupled to said second receiver channel, connected to said carrier-synthesizer means and connected to said controller means, said I-counter means for developing controller-means-driving signals representing a count which is incremented at each of a series of times marked by said carrier-synthesizer-means-generated second signal when said signal developed from said second down-converted satellite signal has a predetermined one of two states and decremented at each of said second carrier-synthesizer-means-generated-signal marked times otherwise.

6. A GPS satellite receiver comprising in combination:

means for generating a local oscillator signal;

a first receiver channel including,

means for receiving a satellite signal which is biphase modulated by a PRN code, and

down-converting means connected to said local-oscillator-generating means, said first receiver-channel down-converting means for mixing said local oscillator signal with a signal derived from said first receiver-channel received-satellite signal to generate a first down-converted satellite signal;

a second receiver channel including,

means for receiving said satellite signal, and

down-converting means connected to said local-oscillator-generating means, said second receiver-channel down-converting means for mixing said local oscillator signal with a signal derived from said second receiver-channel received-satellite signal to generate a second down-converted satellite signal;

carrier-synthesizer means for generating a first signal having a frequency established by carrier-synthesizer-means-driving signals;

PRN-code-synthesizer means for generating an early, a punctual, and a late signal each representing said PRN code and each having a phase established by PRN-code-synthesizer-means-driving signals;

first exclusive-OR-gate means connected to said PRN-code-synthesizer means and connected to said first receiver channel, said first exclusive-OR-gate means for comparing the state of a signal developed from said first down-converted satellite signal with the state of said PRN-code-synthesizer-means-generated punctual signal to develop a signal,

second exclusive-OR-gate means connected to said PRN-code-synthesizer means and connected to said second receiver channel, said second exclusive-OR-gate means for comparing the state of a signal developed from said second converted satellite signal with the state of said PRN-code-synthesizer-means-generated punctual signal to develop a signal,

first Q-counter means connected to said first receiver channel, connected to said carrier-synthesizer means, and connected to said first exclusive-OR-gate means, said first Q-counter means for developing signal representing a count which is incremented at each of a series of times marked by said carrier-synthesizer-means-generated first signal when said first exclusive-OR-gate-developed signal has a predetermined one of two states and decremented at each of said carrier-synthesizer-means-generated-first-signal marked times otherwise;

second Q-counter means connected to said second receiver channel, connected to said carrier-synthesizer means, and connected to said second exclusive-OR-gate means, said second Q-counter means for developing signals representing a count which is incremented at each of a series of times marked by said carrier-synthesizer-means-generated first signal when said second exclusive-OR-gate-developed signal has a predetermined one of two states and decremented at each of said carrier-synthesizer-means-generated-first-signal marked times otherwise; and

controller means connected to said carrier-synthesizer means and connected to said first and said second Q-counter means, said controller means being responsive to said first Q-counter-means-developed signals and operative to develop said carrier-synthesizer-means-driving signals so as to lock the frequency of said carrier-synthesizer-means-generated first signal to the frequency of said first down-converted satellite signal.

7. A GPS satellite receiver as recited in claim 6 further comprising early/late means connected to said PRN-code synthesizer, connected to said first receiver channel, and connected to said controller means, said early/late means for comparing the state of said signal developed from said first down-converted satellite signal with the state of said early and said late PRN-code-synthesizer-means-developed signals to develop controller-means-driving signals representing the difference between an early and a late count, and wherein said controller means is further responsive to said early/late-means-developed signals and operative to develop said PRN-code-synthesizer-means-driving signals so as to lock the phase of said PRN-code-synthesizer-developed signals to said satellite-signal PRN-code phase.

8. A GPS satellite receiver as recited in claim 7 wherein said carrier-synthesizer means further generates a second signal which is in phase quadrature with said carrier-synthesizer-means-generated first signal and wherein the receiver further comprises first I-counter means connected to said first exclusive-OR-gate means, connected to said carrier-synthesizer means and connected to said controller means, said I-counter means for developing controller-means-driving signals representing a count which is incremented at each of a series of times marked by said carrier-synthesizer-means-generated second signal when said first exclusive-OR-gate-developed signal has a predetermined one of two states and decremented at each of said second carrier-synthesizer-means-generated-signal marked times otherwise.

9. A GPS satellite receiver as recited in claim 8 further comprising second I-counter means connected to said second exclusive-OR-gate means, connected to said carrier-synthesizer means and connected to said controller means, said I-counter means for developing controller-means-driving signals representing a count which is incremented at each of a series of times marked by said carrier-synthesizer-means-generated second signal when said second exclusive-OR-gate-developed signal has a predetermined one of two states and decremented at each of said second carrier-synthesizer-means-generated-signal marked times otherwise.

10. A GPS satellite receiver as recited in claim 7 wherein said carrier-synthesizer means further generates a second signal which is in phase quadrature with said carrier-synthesizer-means-generated first signal and wherein the receiver further comprises I-counter means connected to said second exclusive-OR-gate means, connected to said carrier-synthesizer means and connected to said controller means, said I-counter means for developing controller-means-driving signals representing a count which is incremented at each of a series of times marked by said carrier-synthesizer-means-generated second signal when said second exclusive-OR-gate-developed signal has a predetermined one of two states and decremented at each of said second carrier-synthesizer-means-generated-signal marked times otherwise.