Infant security system

• US 4,853,692 A
• Filed: 12/07/1987
• Issued: 08/01/1989
• Est. Priority Date: 12/07/1987
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: RF Technologies, Inc. (Microwave Techniques LLC)
• Original Assignee: APA - 4 Incorporated
• Inventors: Newman, Edward H., Wolk, Barry M.
• Primary Examiner(s): Swann, III, Glen R.
• Assistant Examiner(s): MULLEN, THOMAS J
• Application Number:
  US07/129,627
• Time in Patent Office: 603 Days
• Field of Search: 340/573, 340/572, 340/571, 340/539, 340/525, 340/521, 455/7
• US Class Current: 340/573.1
• CPC Class Codes: G08B 13/14 by lifting or attempted removal of hand-portable articles
• CPC Class Codes: G08B 21/0227 System arrangements with a plurality of child units
• CPC Class Codes: G08B 21/0286 Tampering or removal detection of the child unit from child or article

Abstract

An infant security system is disclosed which includes a transmitting device that generates at least two uniquely coded signals and is disposed around the leg or ankle of infants in a hospital maternity ward, children'"'"'s ward or the like. An activated magnetic strip is also attached to the transmitting device. An associated receiver is placed, for example, on the cart containing the infants'"'"' crib or bassinet which will typically be close enough to the infant so that it is well enough within the range of the transmitter. Every few seconds the RF transmitter transmits a coded RF pulse. If an infant with an attached RF transmitter is removed by some predetermined minimum distance from its associated RF receiver or if the RF transmitter becomes inoperative or is shielded, then the RF receiver will not receive the transmitted coded signal which will trigger an alarm. If a kidnapper attempts to detach the RF transmitter from the infant, a switch is opened which in turn causes the RF transmitter to emit a second coded signal. Upon detection of the second coded signal, an alarm in the RF receiver will be triggered. An alarm is also triggered if an activated magnetic strip on the RF transmitter is transported through a maternity ward exit point.

Claims

1. An infant security system for thwarting the kidnapping of infants from a children'"'"'s ward or maternity ward of a hospital or the like having at least one exit through which an infant may be transported, said infant security system comprising:

at least one transmitting means for transmitting infant security indicating signals,

said at least one transmitting means being securably attached to an infant to be monitored, and including tamper signal generator means for generating at least a first unique coded tamper signal indicative of tampering with said at least one transmitting means, and including means for periodically generating a second unique coded signal;

at least one receiving means associated with said at least one transmitting means for detecting said unique signals and for generating alarm condition signals in response to the detection of the first unique signal and the failure to detect the second unique signal;

said means for periodically generating including maintenance signal generator means for periodically generating said second unique coded signal indicative of the infant being within a predetermined distance of said at least one said receiving means and not being shielded from said at least one receiving means; and

alarm means, responsive to said alarm condition signals, for providing an indication of said alarm condition.

2. An infant security system according to claim 1, wherein said at least one transmitting means includes antenna means coupled to said means for generating for transmitting signals input thereto.

3. An infant security system according to claim 2, wherein said transmitting means is a radio frequency (RF) transmitter and wherein said antenna means emits a substantially omni-directional radiation pattern.

4. An infant security system according to claim 1, further including switch means, coupled to said tamper signal generator means, for initiating the generation of said coded tamper signal upon detecting a tampering indicating condition.

5. An infant security system according to claim 4, wherein said switch means coupled to said tamper signal generator means includes first switch means for normally preventing energizing signals from initiating the operation of said tamper signal generator means, and second means operatively coupled to said first switch means for controlling said first switch means to pass energizing signals to said tamper signal generating means upon detection of a tampering indicating condition.

6. An infant security system according to claim 5, wherein said first switch means and said second means coact such that when said second means is in a closed circuit condition said first switch means is in an open circuit condition, and when said second means is in an open circuit condition, the first switch means is in a short circuit, signal passing condition.

7. An infant security system according to claim 5, wherein said second means includes two terminals, a voltage source connected to one of said terminals and a coil operatively coupled to said first switch means, and wherein one end of a metallic wire is connected to each of said terminals to place a short circuit across said terminals to permit current flow through said coil.

8. An infant security system according to claim 4, wherein said switch means includes first switch means for normally preventing said tamper signal generator means from being energized, and tamper loop means for detecting a tampering condition and for controlling said first switch means to energize said tamper signal generator means.

9. An infant security system according to claim 1, wherein said at least one transmitting means further includes energizable means for generating a signal which may be detected when said at least one transmitting means is disposed within a predetermined distance from an associated detector means.

10. An infant security system according to claim 9, further including at least one detector means disposed at said at least one exit for detecting signals generated by said energizable means, and exit alarm means associated with said at least one detector means for providing an indication of an alarm condition.

11. An infant security system according to claim 1, wherein said at least one receiving means includes

first channel means for detecting the presence of a first of said at least two unique signals and for generating an alarm triggering signal in response to detecting said first of said at least two unique signals, and

second channel means for detecting a second of said at least two unique signals and for generating an alarm triggering signal in response to detecting the absence of said second one of said at least two unique signals for a predetermined period of time;

said at least one receiving means including means responsive to said alarm triggering signals for providing an indication of an alarm condition.

12. An infant security system according to claim 1, wherein said at least one receiving means is mounted on or adjacent to the crib of the infant attached to the transmitting means associated with said at least one receiving means.

13. An infant security system according to claim 1, wherein said at least two unique signals are coded with binary frequency modulated coding.

14. An infant security system according to claim 1, wherein said at least one transmitting means is encapsulated in rugged plastic and is attached to the infant by a plastic leg strap.

15. An infant security system according to claim 1, wherein said at least one receiving means includes means for retransmitting said detected unique signals.

16. An infant security system according to claim 15, further including a plurality of auxiliary receiving means for receiving said retransmitted unique signals;

a central control panel for receiving signals transmitted from said at least one receiving means; and

means for coupling said auxiliary receiving means to said central control panel.

17. A valuable object security system for thwarting the kidnapping or unauthorized taking of said object from a predetermined area having at least one exit, said valuable object security system comprising:

transmitting means securably attached to said valuable object for transmitting security indicating signals;

said transmitting means including;

tamper signal generating means for generating a unique coded tamper signal indicative of unauthorized tampering with said transmitting means,

maintenance signal generating means for periodically generating a unique coded maintenance signal indicative of the valuable object being within said predetermined area;

receiving means associated with said transmitting means and including

first channel means for detecting said tamper signal and for generating an alarm triggering signal in response thereto,

second channel means for detecting said periodically generated maintenance signal and for generating an alarm triggering signal in response to detecting the absence of a maintenance signal for a predetermined period of time; and

alarm means responsive to said alarm triggering signals for providing an indication thereof.

18. A valuable object security system according to claim 17, wherein said valuable object is an infant and said predetermined area is a maternity ward or children'"'"'s ward in a hospital.

19. A valuable object security system according to claim 17, wherein said transmitting means further includes energizable means for generating a signal which may be detected when said at least one transmitting means is disposed within a predetermined distance from an associated detector means.

20. A valuable object security system according to claim 19, further including at least one detector means disposed at said at least one exit for detecting signals generated by said energizable means, and exit alarm means associated with said detector means for providing an indicating of an alarm condition.

21. A valuable object security system according to claim 17, wherein said transmitting means includes antenna means coupled to receive signals from said tamper signal generating means and said maintenance signal generating means for transmitting signals input thereto.

22. A valuable object security system according to claim 21, wherein said transmitting means is a radio frequency (RF) transmitted and wherein said antenna means emits a substantially omni-directional radiation pattern.

23. A valuable object security system according to claim 17, further including switch means, coupled to said tamper signal generator means, for initiating the generation of said coded tamper signal upon detecting a tampering indicating condition.

24. A valuable object security system according to claim 23, wherein said switch means coupled to said tamper signal generating means includes first switch means for normally preventing energizing signals from initiating the operation of said tamper signal generating means, and second means operatively coupled to said first switch means for controlling said first switch means to pass energizing signals to said tamper signal generating means upon detection of a tampering indicating condition.

25. A valuable object security system according to claim 24, wherein said first switch means and second means coact such that when said second means is in a closed circuit condition, said first means is in an open circuit condition and when said second means in an open circuit condition, the first switch means is in a short circuit, signal passing condition.

26. A valuable object security system according to claim 24, wherein said second means includes two terminals and wherein one end of a metallic wire is connected to each terminal to place a short circuit across said terminals to thereby maintain said first switch means in an open circuit condition.

27. A valuable object security system according to claim 23, wherein said switch means includes a first switch means for normally preventing said tamper signal generating means from being energized and tamper loop means for detecting a tampering condition and for controlling said first switch means to energize said tamper signal generating means.

28. A valuable object security system according to claim 17, wherein said receiving means includes means for retransmitting said detected unique coded signals.

29. A valuable object security system according to claim 28, further including a plurality of auxiliary receiving means for receiving said retransmitted unique coded signals;

a central control panel for receiving signals transmitted from said receiving means; and

means for coupling said auxiliary receiving means to said central control panel.

30. For use in a valuable object security system for thwarting the kidnapping or unauthorized taking of said valuable object from a predetermined area having at least one exit, a security signal transmitting device to be securably attached to said valuable object comprising;

tamper signal generating means for generating a unique coded tamper signal indicative of unauthorized tampering with said transmitting means; and

maintenance signal generating means for periodically generating coded maintenance signals indicative of the valuable object being within said predetermined area, whereby the reception of the tamper signal by an associated receiving device indicates an unauthorized tampering with the transmitting means and the failure to detect the maintenance signal by said associated receiving device indicates the breach of a security condition.

31. A transmitting device according to claim 30, further including switch means, coupled to said tamper signal generating means, for initiating the generation of said coded tamper signal upon detecting a tampering indicating condition.

32. A transmitting device according to claim 31, wherein said switch means coupled to said tamper signal generating means includes first switch means for normally preventing energizing signals from initiating the operation of said tamper signal generating means, and second means operatively coupled to said first switch means for controlling said first switch means to pass energizing signals to said tamper signal generating means upon detection of a tampering indicating condition.

33. A transmitting device according to claim 32, wherein said first and second means coact such that when said second means is in a closed circuit condition, said first switch means is in an open circuit condition and when said second means is in an open circuit condition the first switch means is in a short circuit, signal passing condition.

34. A transmitting device according to claim 32. wherein said second means includes two terminals and wherein one end of a metallic wire is connected to each terminal to place a short circuit across said terminals to thereby maintain said first switch means in an open circuit condition.

35. A transmitting device according to claim 31, wherein said switch means includes first switch means for normally preventing said tamper signal generating means from being energized and tamper loop means for detecting a tampering condition and for controlling said first switch means to energize said tamper signal generator.

36. A transmitting device according to claim 34, wherein said first switch means comprises relay means for preventing when energized said tamper signal generating means from generating a coded tamper signal, said second means including a voltage source for energizing said relay means as long as said short circuit remains intact.

37. A transmitting device according to claim 30, further including energizable means for generating a signal which may be detected when said at least one transmitting means is disposed within a predetermined distance from an associated detector means.

38. A transmitting device according to claim 30, further including antenna means coupled to said tamper signal and maintenance signal generating means for transmitting signals input thereto.

39. A transmitting device according to claim 38, wherein said transmitting device is a radio frequency (RF) transmitter and wherein said antenna means emits a substantially omni-directional radiation pattern.

40. A transmitting device according to claim 30, wherein said at least two unique signals are coded with binary frequency modulated coding.

41. A transmitting device according to claim 30, wherein said transmitting device is encapsulated in a rugged plastic and includes plastic leg strap means for attaching said transmitting device to the leg of an infant.

42. For use in a valuable object security system for thwarting the kidnapping or unauthorized taking of said valuable object from a predetermined area having at least one exit, said security system having at least one transmitting means for transmitting coded security signals, a security signal receiving device comprising:

first channel means for detecting a uniquely coded tamper signal indicative of unauthorized tampering with said transmitting means for generating an alarm triggering signal in response thereto;

second channel means for detecting a periodically generated maintenance signal indicative of the valuable object being within said predetermined area and for generating an alarm triggering signal in response to the absence of a detected maintenance signal for a predetermined period of time; and

alarm means responsive to said alarm triggering signals for providing an alarm condition indicating signal.

43. A receiving device according to claim 42, wherein said first channel means and said second channel means includes means for detecting binary coded frequency modulated signals.

44. A receiving device according to claim 42. wherein the valuable object is an infant and wherein said receiving device is mounted on or adjacent to the crib of an infant attached to a transmitting means associated with said receiving device.

45. A receiving device according to claim 42, including means for retransmitting said detected unique signals, whereby said signals may be transmitted to a central control panel.

46. A method of thwarting the kidnapping of infants from the maternity ward of a hospital or the like having at least one exit through which an infant may be transported, said method comprising the steps of:

securably attaching a transmitting means to each of a plurality of infants;

generating and transmitting coded signals from each transmitting means indicative of predetermined infant security conditions;

detecting with a receiver means associated with said transmitting means said transmitted coded signals;

said step of generating and transmitting coded signals including the step of periodically generating coded signals from each of said transmitting means indicative of the infant being within a predetermined distance of an associated receiver means and not being shielded form said associated receiver means; and

selectively energizing an alarm upon the detection of an infant security condition which may be indicative of the abduction of an infant.

47. A method according to claim 46, including the step of generating a uniquely coded tamper signal indicative of tampering with said transmitting means.

48. A method according to claim 46, further including the steps of generating a signal by an energizable means in each of said transmitting means which may be detected when any one of said transmitted means is disposed within a predetermined distance from an associated detector detector means.

49. A method according to claim 48, further including the step of disposing at least one detector means at predetermined exit areas for detecting signals generated by said energizable means, and providing an indication of an alarm condition in response to detecting signals from said energizable means.

50. A method according to claim 46, further including the step of mounting said receiving means on or adjacent to the crib of the infant wearing the transmitting means associated with said receiving means.

51. A method according to claim 46, including retransmitting said detected unique signals to a central control station.

52. A method according to claim 51, further including receiving said retransmitted unique coded signals by a plurality of auxiliary receiving means and coupling said signals received by said auxiliary receiving means to said central control station.

55. A method according to claim 52, further including the step of mounting said receiver means on or adjacent to the crib of the infant wearing the transmitting means associated with said receiving means.

53. A method for thwarting the kidnapping of infants from the maternity ward of a hospital or the like having at least one exit through which an infant may be transported, said method comprising the steps of:

securably attaching a transmitting means to each of a plurality of infants in the maternity ward;

periodically generating and transmitting a first uniquely coded "I'"'"'m Okay" signal from each of said transmitting means;

generating and transmitting from a transmitting means a second uniquely coded tamper signal if said transmitting means is tampered with;

detecting with a receiver means associated with said transmitting means a tamper signal and generating an alarm triggering signal in response thereto;

detecting with said receiver means associated with said transmitting means said "I'"'"'m Okay" signal and generating an alarm triggering signal in response to the absence of detecting said I'"'"'m Okay signal for a predetermined period of time; and

providing an alarm in response to said alarm triggering signals.

54. A method according to claim 53, further including the step of disposing an energizable means on each of said transmitting means for generating a signal which may be detected when one of said transmitting means is disposed within a predetermined distance of from an associated detector mounted at an exit.

56. A method according to claim 53, including retransmitting said detected unique signals to a central control station.

57. A method according to claim 56, further including receiving said retransmitted unique coded signals by a plurality of auxiliary receiving means and coupling said signals received by said auxiliary receiving means to said central control station.