Ultrasonic personnel location identification system

• US 4,955,000 A
• Filed: 06/16/1989
• Issued: 09/04/1990
• Est. Priority Date: 07/17/1986
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: NAC Engineering and Marketing Incorporated
• Original Assignee: NAC Engineering and Marketing Incorporated
• Inventors: Nastrom, Harvey J.
• Primary Examiner(s): Tarcza, Thomas H.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Swann, Tod
• Application Number:
  US07/368,054
• Time in Patent Office: 445 Days
• Field of Search: 367/117, 367/910, 367/901, 367/900, 367/134, 367/135
• US Class Current: 367/117
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 15/74 Systems using reradiation of acoustic waves, e.g. IFF, i.e. identification of friend or foe
• CPC Class Codes: G07C 9/28 the pass enabling tracking or indicating presence
• CPC Class Codes: G08B 25/009 Signalling of the alarm condition to a substation whose identity is signalled to a central station, e.g. relaying alarm signals in order to extend communication range
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 367/90 Sonar time varied gain control systems
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 367/901 Noise or unwanted signal reduction in nonseismic receiving system
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 367/91 Portable sonar devices

Abstract

An ultrasonic system for identifying the location of personnel within a multiple room complex. The system includes ultrasonic transmitters adapted to be transported by the personnel. The transmitters periodically transmit pulse code modulated (PCM) transmitter signals representative of a digital code sequence characteristic of the person, and formed by a plurality of bit positions which are separated from adjacent bit positions by predetermined time intervals. Ultrasonic receivers for receiving the transmitter signals are positioned within each room of the complex. The receivers detect bits of the code sequence only during window periods corresponding to expected bit positions. Detected code sequences are compared to predetermined code sequences, and receiver signals are produced as a function of the comparison. A central station is coupled to receive the receiver signals, and provides a visual indication of the rooms in which the persons transporting the transmitters are located.

Claims

1. An ultrasonic system for identifying the location of personnel within a multiple room complex including:

at least one ultrasonic transmitter adapted to be transported by a person, for periodically transmitting ultrasonic transmitter signals formed by pulse code modulated (PCM) portions representative of a digital code sequence characteristic of a person and separated from one another by transmitter signal periods, the PCM portions formed by a predetermined number of bit positions representative of a digital value and separated from one another by predetermined bit spacing periods;

a plurality of ultrasonic receivers, each adapted to be positioned in a room of the complex, for receiving the transmitter signals and providing receiver signals as a function thereof, each ultrasonic receiver including a timer for timing detector window periods separated from one another by window spacing periods corresponding to the bit spacing periods of the PCM portions of the transmitter signals, and a detector for determining the code sequence of the received transmitter signal by detecting digital values only during the timed window periods; and

a central station coupled to the receivers to receive the receiver signals, for providing an indication of the room in which the person transporting the receiver is located.

2. The ultrasonic personnel location identification system of claim 1 wherein each ultrasonic transmitter periodically transmits its PCM transmitter signals at predetermined transmitter signal periods.

3. The ultrasonic personnel location identification system of claim 2 and including a plurality of ultrasonic transmitters, and wherein at least some of the ultrasonic transmitters transmit their PCM transmitter signals at different transmitter signal periods.

4. The ultrasonic personnel location identification system of claim 1 and including a plurality of ultrasonic transmitters, and wherein at least some of the ultrasonic transmitters transmit PCM transmitter signals characteristic of the person'"'"'s job function.

5. The ultrasonic personnel location identification system of claim 4 wherein the ultrasonic transmitters periodically transmit their PCM transmitter signals at predetermined transmitter signal periods, and wherein PCM transmitter signals characteristic of different job functions are transmitted at different transmitter signal periods.

6. The ultrasonic personnel location identification system of claim 1 wherein the ultrasonic receivers include a comparator responsive to the detector for comparing the detected code sequence to at least one predetermined code sequence, and for providing a receiver signal as a function of the comparison.

7. The ultrasonic personnel location identification system of claim 1 wherein the ultrasonic receivers include counter/timer means for providing the receiver signals only if a predetermined number of PCM transmitter signals representative of an identical code sequence are received during a predetermined time period.

8. The ultrasonic system of claim 1 wherein:

the ultrasonic transmitters include circuitry for causing the PCM portions to begin with a start bit; and

the ultrasonic receivers include circuitry for detecting the start bit and for causing the timer to initiate the timing of the window periods upon the detection of the start bit.

9. The ultrasonic system of claim 8 wherein the ultrasonic transmitters include circuitry for causing the PCM portions to begin with a logic "1" start bit.

10. The ultrasonic personnel location identification system of claim 1 wherein the transmitter signal periods are relatively long with respect to the PCM portions.

11. The ultrasonic personnel location identification system of claim 10 wherein the bit spacing periods are relatively long with respect to the bit positions.

12. An ultrasonic receiver suitable for use in an ultrasonic personnel location identification system wherein the receiver is one of a plurality of such receivers, each of which is configured to be positioned within a room of a multiple room complex, adapted to receiver periodic ultrasonic transmitter signals transmitted by transmitters carried by a person and formed by pulse code modulated (PCM) portions representative of a digital code sequence characteristic of a person and separated from one another by transmitter signal periods, the PCM portions formed by a predetermined number of bit positions representative of a digital value and separated from one another by predetermined bit spacing periods, and configured to be interfaced to a central station which provides an indication of the room in which the person transporting the transmitter is located;

the ultrasonic receiver including a timer for timing detector window periods separated from one another by window spacing periods corresponding to the bit spacing periods of the PCM portions of the transmitter signals, and a detector for determining the code sequence of the received transmitter signal by detecting digital values only during the timed window periods.

13. The ultrasonic receiver of claim 12 wherein:

the receiver is configured for use with transmitters which cause the PCM portions of the transmitter signals to begin with start bits; and

the ultrasonic receiver includes circuitry for detecting the start bit and for causing the timer to initiate the timing of the detector window periods upon the detection of the start bits.

14. The ultrasonic receiver of claim 13 and further including circuitry for initiating the timing of the window periods upon the detection of logic "1" start bits.

15. An ultrasonic transmitter suitable for use in an ultrasonic personnel location identification system wherein the transmitter is one of a plurality of such transmitters, each of which is adapted to be transported by a person and transmits ultrasonic transmitter signals characteristic of the person, and is configured to operated with a plurality of ultrasonic receivers positioned within rooms of a multiple room complex for receiving the transmitter signals and providing receiver signals as a function thereof to a central station which provides an indication of the room in which the person transporting the receiver is located, which ultrasonic transmitter periodically transmits ultrasonic transmitter signals formed by pulse code modulated (PCM) portions representative of a digital code sequence characteristic of a person and separated from one another by transmitter signal periods, the PCM portions formed by a predetermined number of bit positions representative of a digital value and separated from one another by predetermined bitspacing periods, the transmitter used in conjunction with ultrasonic receivers of the type which include a timer for timing detector window periods separated from one another by window spacing periods corresponding to the bit spacing periods of the PCM portions of the transmitter signals, and a detector for detecting digital values only during the timed window periods.