Vital signs monitoring and communication system

• US 4,981,139 A
• Filed: 08/16/1988
• Issued: 01/01/1991
• Est. Priority Date: 08/11/1983
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Robert L. Pfohl
• Original Assignee: Robert L. Pfohl
• Inventors: Pfohl, Robert L.
• Primary Examiner(s): Smith, Ruth S.
• Application Number:
  US07/232,897
• Time in Patent Office: 868 Days
• Field of Search: 128/670, 128/671, 128/700, 128/715, 128/736, 128/773, 128/903, 128/904, 128/908, 128/680, 128/687, 128/689, 128/709, 128/774, 250/338.1
• US Class Current: 600/484
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2090/0814 Preventing re-use
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0017 transmitting optical signals transmission by light H04B10/00
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/024 Detecting, measuring or recording pulse rate or heart rate A61B5/0205, A61B5/021 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0816 Measuring devices for examining respiratory frequency measuring frequency of electric signals G01R23/00
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/1106 to assess neuromuscular blockade, e.g. to estimate depth of anaesthesia
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/6823 Trunk, e.g., chest, back, abdomen, hip
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 7/023 for introduction into the body, e.g. into the oesophagus oesophageal ECG probes A61B5/285

Abstract

A system for monitoring the vital signs of a patient includes a plurality of sensing units for sensing a plurality of physiologic conditions of a patient connected to a microprocessor that is responsive to the sensing units for providing an alarm signal in response to a deviation of a condition to an alarm state from a predetermined norm, a voice enunciating alarm responsive to an alarm signal for generating a voice sound identifying the physiological condition reaching an alarm state, an infrared transmitter having an omni-directional antenna for transmitting certain vital sign sounds and the voice sound, and a portable infrared receiver for receiving and producing the vital sign sounds and the voice sound for enabling untethered remote monitoring of the physiological conditions.

Claims

1. A patient vital signs monitoring system comprising:

sensing means for sensing a plurality of physiological conditions of a patient and generating a monitoring signal indicative of each of said physiological conditions;

alarm means responsive to each of said monitoring signals for providing an alarm signal in response to a deviation of a physiological condition to an alarm state from a predetermined norm;

voice enunciating means responsive to said alarm signal from said monitoring means for generating a voice sound identifying the physiological condition reaching an alarm state;

infrared transmitter means having omni-directional antenna means for transmitting said voice sound; and

portable infrared receiver means for receiving and reproducing said voice sound for enabling remote monitoring of said physiological conditions.

2. The monitoring system of claim 1 wherein:

one of said conditions is temperature; and

said means responsive to each of said monitoring signals includes programmable means for establishing a reference temperature, and temperature alarm means for providing an alarm signal in response to a critical deviation of the temperature sensed from said reference temperature.

3. The monitoring system of claim 1 wherein:

one of said conditions is the condition of the heart; and

said means responsive to each of said monitoring signals includes means for monitoring the condition of the heart by monitoring the sounds of the heart.

4. The monitoring system of claim 3 wherein:

said means responsive to each of said monitoring signals includes programmable means for establishing a reference heart sound, and heart sound alarm means for providing an alarm signal in response to a deviation in said heart sound from said reference heart sound.

5. The monitoring system of claim 1 wherein:

one of said conditions is the condition of breathing; and

said means responsive to each of said monitoring signal includes means for monitoring the condition of breathing by monitoring breathing sounds, programmable means for establishing a reference breathing sound, and breathing sound alarm means for providing an alarm signal in response to a critical deviation of said breathing sound from said reference sound.

6. A patient vital signals monitoring system comprising:

sensing means for sensing a plurality of physiological conditions of a patient and for generating a monitoring signal representative of each of said physiological conditions;

monitoring means responsive to said monitoring signals for providing an alarm signal in response to a deviation of a physiological condition to an alarm state from a predetermined norm;

voice enunciating means responsive to an alarm signal for generating a voice sound identifying the physiological condition reaching an alarm state;

infrared transmitter means having omni-directional antenna means for transmitting said voice sound; and

portable infrared receiver means for receiving and reproducing said voice sound for enabling remote monitoring of said physiological conditions, said portable infrared receiver for receiving said IR waves includes an electro-optic diode and radio wave shielding means for shielding said diode from radio waves.

7. The monitoring system of claim 6 wherein:

one of said conditions is temperature; and

said monitoring means includes programmable means for establishing a reference temperature, and temperature alarm means for providing an alarm signal in response to a critical deviation of the temperature sensed from said reference temperature.

8. The monitoring system of claim 6 wherein:

one of said conditions is the condition of the heart; and

said monitoring means includes means for monitoring the condition of the heart by monitoring the sounds of the heart.

9. The monitoring system of claim 6 wherein:

said monitoring means includes programmable means for establishing a reference heart sound, and

heart sound alarm means for providing an alarm signal in response to a deviation in said heart sound from said reference heart sound.

10. The monitoring system of claim 6 wherein:

one of said conditions is the condition of breathing; and

said monitoring means includes means for monitoring the condition of breathing by monitoring breathing sounds, programmable means of establishing a reference breathing sound and breathing sound alarm means for providing an alarm signal in response to a critical deviation of said breathing sound from said reference breathing sound.

11. The monitoring system of claim 6 comprising:

,

multiple input means for input to said means responsive to said monitoring signals of monitoring signals selected from the group consisting of EKG, blood pressure, oximeter, circuit pressure, and mass spectrometer.

12. The monitoring system of claim 6 wherein:

said infrared transmitter omni-directional antenna means comprises a support having a generally semi-spherical configuration;

a plurality of infrared emitting diodes mounted and positioned on said support for directing IR waves outward in at least a semi-spherical direction from a center point of said support.

13. The monitoring system of claim 12 wherein:

said radio wave shielding means comprises a fine mesh wire screen.

14. A patient vital signs monitoring system comprising:

sensing means for sensing a plurality of physiologic conditions of a patient;

monitoring means responsive to said sensing means for monitoring and providing an alarm, signal in response to a deviation of physiological condition to an alarm state from a predetermined norm;

voice enunciating means responsive to said alarm signal for generating a voice sound identifying the physiological condition reaching an alarm state;

one of said conditions is temperature, said monitoring means including programmable means for establishing a reference temperature, and temperature alarm means for providing an alarm signal in response to a critical deviation of the temperature sensed from said reference temperature;

one of said conditions is the condition of the heart, said monitoring means including means for monitoring the condition of the heart by monitoring the sounds of the heart, programmable means for establishing a reference heart sound, and heart sound alarm means for providing an alarm signal in response to a deviation in said heart sound from said reference heart sound;

one of said conditions is the condition of breathing, said monitoring including means for monitoring the condition of breathing by monitoring breathing sounds, programmable means for establishing a reference breathing sound, and alarm means for providing an alarm signal in response to a critical deviation of said breathing sound from said reference breathing sound;

multiple input means for inputting monitoring signals selected from the group consisting of EKG, blood pressure, oximeter, circuit pressure, mass spectrometer to said monitoring means;

infrared transmitter means having omni-directional antenna means for transmitting said voice sound, said infrared transmitter omni-directional antenna means comprises support means for forming a generally semi-spherical configuration;

a plurality of infrared emitting diodes mounted and positioned on said support means for directing IR waves outward in at least a semi-spherical direction from a center point of said support means; and

a portable infrared receiver for receiving said IR waves includes an electro-optic diode and radio wave shielding means for shielding said diode.

15. The monitoring system of claim 14 wherein:

said radio wave shielding means comprises a fine mesh wire screen.

16. The monitoring system of claim 15 wherein said monitoring means includes programmable means for establishing upper and lower limits for each of the parameters of temperature, heart rate, and breath rate.

17. A patient vital signs monitoring system comprising:

monitoring means for monitoring a plurality of physiological conditions;

an elongated flexible esophageal catheter having a closed distal end and a proximal end and having detachable connecting means on said proximal end for connecting said catheter to said monitoring means;

sound responsive means in said distal end of said catheter for generating sound signals in response to sound waves;

amplifying means in said catheter for amplifying said sound signals;

temperature responsive means in said catheter for generating a signal indicative of a temperature;

signal processing means for receiving said sound signals and separating said sound signals for determining patient heart and respiration rate and comparing said rates to a predetermined reference rate;

sound alarm means responsive to a predetermined critical difference between said compared rates for generating an alarm signal;

temperature signal processing means for comparing said temperature signal to a predetermined reference signal;

temperature alarm means responsive to a critical difference between said temperature signal and said reference signal for generating a temperature alarm signal;

voice enunciating means responsive to any one of said alarm signals for generating a voice identification of the parameter generating said alarm signal;

said monitoring means receiving and monitoring said signals and including an infrared transmitter having an omni-directional antenna for transmitting said heart sound signals and said breathing sound signals and said voice identification;

a portable infrared receiver for receiving and reproducing said sound signals for enabling remote monitoring of said heart beat sounds and said breathing sounds;

said omni-directional antenna comprises support means having a generally semi-spherical configuration;

a plurality of infrared emitting diodes mounted and positioned on said support means for directing IR waves outward in at least a semi-spherical direction from a center point of said support means; and

said portable infrared receiver for receiving said IR waves includes an electro-optic diode and ratio wave shielding means for shielding said diode.

18. A patient vital signs monitoring system comprising:

monitoring means for monitoring a plurality of physiological conditions;

an elongated flexible esophageal catheter having a closed distal end and a proximal end and having detachable connecting means on said proximal end for connecting to said monitoring means;

sound responsive means in said distal end of said catheter for generating sound signals in response to sound waves;

amplifying means in said catheter for amplifying said sound signals;

temperature responsive means in said catheter for generating a signal indicative of a temperature;

signal processing means for receiving said sound signals and separating said sound signals for determining patient heart and respiration rate and comparing said rates to a predetermined reference rate;

sound alarm means responsive to a predetermined critical difference between said compared rates for generating an alarm signal;

temperature signal processing means for comparing said temperature signal to a predetermined reference signal;

temperature alarm means responsive to a critical difference between said temperature signal and said reference signal for generating a temperature alarm signal;

input means for input of alarm signals from external monitoring means taken from the group consisting of EKG, blood pressure, oximeter, circuit pressure, mass spectrometer;

voice enunciating means responsive to any one of said alarm signals for generating a voice identification of the parameter generating said alarm signal;

said monitoring means receiving and monitoring said signals, and including an infrared transmitter having an omni-directional antenna for transmitting said heart sound signals, said breathing sound signals and said voice identification, said antenna comprises support means having a generally semi-spherical configuration, a plurality of infrared emitting diodes mounted and positioned on said support structure for directing IR waves outward in at least a semi-spherical direction from a center point of said support means; and

a portable infrared receiver for receiving said IR waves comprising an electro-optic sensor shielded by radio wave shielding means for receiving and reproducing said sound signals for enabling remote monitoring of said heart beat sounds and said breathing sounds.