Pulse oximeter with physical motion sensor

• US 5,025,791 A
• Filed: 06/01/1990
• Issued: 06/25/1991
• Est. Priority Date: 06/28/1989
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Omron Healthcare Company Limited (Omron Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Colin Electronics Co., Ltd.
• Inventors: Niwa, Minoru
• Primary Examiner(s): Kamm, William E.
• Application Number:
  US07/531,768
• Time in Patent Office: 389 Days
• Field of Search: 128/633, 128/670, 128/687, 128/688, 128/689, 128/690, 128/774, 128/782
• US Class Current: 600/483
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2562/0219 Inertial sensors, e.g. accelerometers, gyroscopes, tilt switches
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/14552 Details of sensors specially adapted therefor
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/721 using a separate sensor to detect motion or using motion information derived from signals other than the physiological signal to be measured
• CPC Class Codes: G01P 13/00 Indicating or recording presence, absence, or direction, of movement electric switches H01H; counting moving objects G06M7/00

Abstract

A reflectance pulse oximeter for detecting pulse synchronous waves is disclosed. The detector includes a sensor or sensors for detecting physical motion of the subject so that readings influenced by subject movement can be eliminated or indicated. One form of motion detector used is an accelerometer employing a spring-supported weight mounted within a cylinder. Accelerations beyond a predetermined value cause the weighted member to complete a circuit against the inside walls of the cylinder. Three accelerometers for detecting acceleration in each of three directions can be utilized. Motion can also be detected by a cubic motion detector having individual reed valves associated with each of six faces. A magnetic ball is movable in a spherical space formed within the cubic body. The magnetic ball operates to actuate only one of the reeds which is at a time. Motion detection can also be accomplished by a combination of the cubic motion detector and one or more accelerometers of the type previously described. A microprocessor control system determines the presence of a pulse synchronous wave from the reflectance detector system and can suppress indication of a pulse synchronous wave occurring simultaneously with motion detection by the motion detecting sensors, which motion is detected for greater than a predetermined period of time. The control system also can include provision for the display of an indication that the displayed pulse synchronous wave occurred during movement of the subject.

Claims

1. A pulse oximeter of the reflection type, comprising:

first sensor means including means for emitting two lights having different wavelengths toward a body portion of said subject, and means for detecting the lights reflected from said body portion, said first sensor means producing first signals each of which is representative of a corresponding one of the detected lights;

second sensor means for detecting a physical motion of said subject, said second sensor means producing a second signal representative of the detected physical motion;

support means for supporting said first and second sensor means;

set means for setting said support means supporting said first and second sensor means, on said body portion of said subject; and

control means for discriminating the first signals produced by said first sensor means when said second signal is produced by said second sensor means, from the first signals produced when said second signal is not produced.

2. The pulse oximeter as set forth in claim 1, wherein said second sensor means comprises a housing formed of an electrically insulating material, and at least one acceleration sensor, each of said at least one acceleration sensor including:

an electrically conductive cylindrical member including a cylindrical wall and an inner cylindrical space inside said cylindrical wall, said cylindrical wall having an axis and opposite axial ends, said cylindrical wall being fixed at one of said axial ends thereof to said housing;

an electrically conducive elongate spring member having opposite longitudinal ends, said elongate spring member being fixed at one of said longitudinal ends thereof to said housing, said elongate spring member extending in said inner cylindrical space of said cylindrical member along said axis of said cylindrical member along said axis of said cylindrical wall, the other longitudinal end of said elongate spring member being spaced apart from an inner surface of said cylindrical wall;

an electrically conductive weight member fixed on said other longitudinal end of said elongate spring member; and

a power supply applying an electric voltage between said cylindrical member and said elongate spring member,

said weight member being displaceable relative to said cylindrical member because of an inertia force exerted on said weight member, and said spring member, so that said weight member contacts said cylindrical wall of said cylindrical member, whereby an electric current flows through said cylindrical member, spring member and weight member, said electric current serving as said second signal representative of said physical motion of said subject.

3. The pulse oximeter as set forth in claim 2, wherein said weight member is displaced relative to said cylindrical member to contact said cylindrical wall, when said body portion of said subject and said cylindrical member thereon move together in a direction perpendicular to said axis of said cylindrical wall as an acceleration greater than 1 G.

4. The pulse oximeter as set forth in claim 1, further comprising means for providing an indication of time, said control means determining an oxygen saturation of said subject based on said first signals produced by said first sensor means, said control means judging fi said second sensor means continues to produce said second signal for a time duration longer than a reference value, and discarding the first signals produced by said first sensor means during said time duration longer than said reference value.

5. The pulse oximeter as set forth in claim 4, wherein said control means discards the first signals produced by said first sensor means during a time duration longer than 100 pl ms.

6. The pulse oximeter as set forth in claim 4, further comprising a display for indicating said blood oxygen saturation determined by said control means.

7. The pulse oximeter as set froth in claim 1, wherein said control means judges if said second sensor means detects said physical motion of said subject, and commands said first sensor means to cease from producing said first signals for a predetermined time after the detection of said physical motion.