Process for preparing organic compost from municipal refuse

• US 5,082,486 A
• Filed: 11/16/1990
• Issued: 01/21/1992
• Est. Priority Date: 04/08/1987
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Mark E. Glogowski
• Original Assignee: Mark E. Glogowski
• Inventors: Glogowski, Mark E.
• Primary Examiner(s): LANDER, FERRIS
• Application Number:
  US07/614,262
• Time in Patent Office: 431 Days
• Field of Search: 71/9, 71/10, 71/14, 71/15, 71/22, 71/64.13, 71/90
• US Class Current: 71/9
• CPC Class Codes: C05F 17/05 Treatments involving invertebrates, e.g. worms, flies or maggots
• CPC Class Codes: C05F 3/00 Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
• CPC Class Codes: C05F 9/00 Fertilisers from household or town refuse
• CPC Class Codes: C05F 9/04 Biological compost
• CPC Class Codes: Y02A 40/20 Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
• CPC Class Codes: Y02P 20/145 the feedstock being materials of biological origin
• CPC Class Codes: Y02W 30/40 Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 71/901 Refuse conditioning

Abstract

A process for converting municipal garbage into organic compost material is described.

In the first step of this process, a mixture of cellulosic refuse material and earthworms is provided.

In the second step of the process, the mixture of refuse material and earthworms is maintained at a moisture content of from about 45 to about 92 weight percent and a temperature of from about 0 to about 54 degrees centigrade for from about 3 to about 8 months.

Claims

1. A process for preparing an organic compost material with a water content of from about 45 to about 92 weight percent, a carbon content of from about 27 to about 85 weight percent (by weight of dry compost material), a pH of from about 6.2 to about 8.0, and a particle size distribution such that substantially zero percent of the particles in the compost material are greater than about 2.0 inches, from about 0.5 to about 35 weight percent of the particles in the compost material are greater than 1.0 inch, from about 0.5 to about 35 percent of the particles in the compost material are less than 1.0 inch but greater than 0.25 inches, and at least about 50 weight percent of the particles in the compost material are smaller than about 0.25 inches, comprising the steps of:

(a) providing a shredded refuse material, wherein;

1. said shredded material has a particle size such that substantially all of its particles are smaller than 5.0 inches;

2. said shredded material is comprised of from about 5 to about 96 weight percent of a cellulosic material selected from the group consisting of alpha-cellulose, beta-cellulose, gamma-cellulose, and mixture thereof; and

3. at least about 20 weight percent of said cellulosic material in said shredded material is wood cellulose with a degree of polymerization of less than about 900;

(b) adding a sufficient amount of water to said shredded refuse material to saturate it with water;

(c) providing an earthworm material which is a mixture of earthworm castings and a material selected from the group consisting of earthworms, earthworm eggs, and mixtures thereof;

(d) contacting said saturated shredded refuse material with said earthworm material to form a compostable mass of material which consist from about 20 to about 2,000 pounds of earthworm castings and from about 1 to about 100 pounds of earthworm material selected from the group consisting of earthworms, earthworm eggs, and mixtures thereof, for each ton of saturated, shredded refuse material in said compostable mass;

(e) for at least about the first thirty days after said compostable mass has been formed, maintaining the water content in said compostable mass at a concentration of at least about 80 percent by adding water to said compostable mass; and

(f) subjecting said compostable mass to a temperature of from about 0 to about 54 degrees centigrade while maintaining the water content in said compostable mass at a concentration of from about 45 to about 92 weight percent for from about 4 to about 8 months.

2. The process as recited in claim 1, wherein said shredded refuse material is comprised of from about 4 to about 95 weight percent of a non-cellulosic material.

3. The process as recited in claim 1, wherein said organic compost material is screened.

4. The process as recited in claim 1, wherein said mixture is subjected to a temperature of from about 0 to about 54 degrees centigrade for from about 5 to about 7 months.

5. The process as recited in claim 1, wherein said earthworm material is a mixture of said earthworm castings, said earthworms and said earthworm eggs.

6. The process as recited in claim 5, wherein from about 40 to about 1,000 pounds of said earthworm castings are present for each ton of said shredded material in the mixture.

7. The process as recited in claim 5, wherein from about 2 to about 25 pounds of a mixture of earthworms and earthworm eggs are present for each ton of shredded material in the mixture.

8. The process as recited in claim 5, wherein from about 50 to about 500 pounds of said earthworm castings are present for each ton of shredded material in the mixture.

9. The process as recited in claim 1, wherein from about 2.5 to about 18 pounds of a mixture of earthworms and earthworm eggs are present for each ton of shredded material in the mixture.

10. The process as recited in claim 5, wherein said mixture is subject to a temperature of from about 0 to about 38 degrees centigrade for about six months.

11. The process as recited in claim 1, wherein said shredded refuse material is comprised of shredded paper.

12. The process as recited in claim 1, wherein said shredded refuse material is comprised of shredded cardboard.

13. The process as recited in claim 1, wherein said shredded refuse material is comprised of from about 5% to about 80% inorganic material.

14. The process as recited in claim 1, wherein said shredded refuse material has a particle size such that all of its particles are smaller than 2.0 inches.

15. The process as recited in claim 5, wherein said mixture of earthworm material and shredded refuse material is in an open bed while it is being subjected to a temperature of from about 0 to about 38 degrees centigrade.

16. The process as recited in claim 5, wherein said mixture of earthworm material and shredded refuse material is in a closed bed while it is being subjected to a temperature of from about 0 to about 38 degrees centigrade.

17. The process as recited in claim 1, wherein said shredded refuse material is comprised of food waste.

18. The process as recited in claim 1, wherein said shredded refuse material is comprised of yard waste.

19. A process for preparing an organic compost material, comprising the steps of:

(a) providing a refuse material with a moisture content of from about 5 to about 40 weight percent, wherein;

1. said refuse material has a particle size such that substantially all of its particles are smaller than 2.0 inches;

2. said refuse material is comprised of from about 1 to about 50 weight percent of a cellulosic material selected from the group consisting of alpha-cellulose, beta-cellulose, gamma-cellulose, and mixture thereof;

(b) adding a sufficient amount of water to said refuse material to saturate it;

(c) providing an earthworm material which is a mixture of earthworm castings and a material selected from the group consisting of earthworms, earthworm eggs, and mixtures thereof;

(d) contacting said saturated refuse material with said earthworm material to form a compostable mass of material which consist from about 20 to about 2,000 pounds of earthworm castings and from about 1 to about 100 pounds of earthworm material selected from the group consisting of earthworms, earthworm eggs, and mixtures thereof, for each ton of saturated, shredded refuse material in said compostable mass;

(e) for at least about the first thirty days after said compostable mass has been formed, maintaining the water content in said compostable mass at a concentration of at least about 80 percent by adding water to said compostable mass; and

(f) subjecting said compostable mass to a temperature of from about 0 to about 54 degrees centigrade while maintaining the water content in said compostable mass at a concentration of from about 45 to about 92 weight percent for from about 3 to about 6 months.