Battery disconnect device

• US 5,089,762 A
• Filed: 02/20/1990
• Issued: 02/18/1992
• Est. Priority Date: 12/12/1986
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Jeffrey M. Sloan
• Original Assignee: Jeffrey M. Sloan
• Inventors: Sloan, Jeffrey M.
• Primary Examiner(s): Hickey, R. J.
• Application Number:
  US07/481,894
• Time in Patent Office: 728 Days
• Field of Search: 320/13, 320/37, 320/38, 320/48, 320/40, 307/10.7
• US Class Current: 320/127
• CPC Class Codes: B60R 16/03 for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for circuit arrangements for charging batteries H02J7/00
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 1/14 Balancing the load in a network
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 2310/46 for ICE-powered road vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/00306 Overdischarge protection
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/00308 Overvoltage protection
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/0048 Detection of remaining charge capacity or state of charge [SOC]
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/14 for charging batteries from dynamo-electric generators driven at varying speed, e.g. on vehicle
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 9/002 in which a reserve is maintained in an energy source by disconnecting non-critical loads, e.g. maintaining a reserve of charge in a vehicle battery for starting an engine
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

Abstract

A device for use in conjunction with a battery in a motor which is connected to an electrical load. The device includes a microprocessor which iteratively inputs the value of the battery voltage as well as the ambient temperature surrounding the battery. The microprocessor also sets a cut off voltage level which increases proportionately with elapsed time from the last system reset of the device and preferably adjusts the cut off voltage level as a function of the ambient temperature of the battery. The cut off voltage level is set so that when the battery reaches the cut off voltage, sufficient energy remains in the battery for engine ignition. The microprocessor then iteratively compares the battery voltage signal with the cut off voltage level and generates an output signal whenever the battery voltage is less than or equal to the cut off voltage level. The output signal initiates a timer which counts down a relatively short period of time, for example two minutes. At the end of the two minute period and assuming that a system reset did not occur during the activation of the timer, the device generates a battery disconnect signal which disconnects the battery from the electrical load of the vehicle. In this fashion, the device of the present invention ensures that the battery retains sufficient electrical charge or energy for subsequent vehicle ignition.

Claims

1. A device for use in conjunction with a battery electrically connected to an electrical system for an engine having an electrical ignition system comprising:

means for producing a reset signal indicative of engine operation,

means for generating a battery voltage signal representative of the voltage of the battery,

means for setting a cut off voltage level as a function of elapsed time from the last generated reset signal,

means for iteratively comparing said battery voltage signal with said cut off voltage level and for generating an output signal whenever said battery voltage signal is less than said cut off voltage level,

a timing means,

means responsive to said output signal for initiating said timing means, said timing means producing a battery disconnect signal a time period following initiation unless said reset signal occurs during said time period,

means responsive to said battery disconnect signal for electrically disconnecting said battery from said load.

2. The invention as defined in claim 1 and comprising means for varying one of said battery voltage signal or said cut off voltage level as a function of temperature.

3. The invention as defined in claim 1 wherein said device comprises a preprogrammed microprocessor.

4. The invention as defined in claim 1 wherein said disconnecting means comprises a switch means.

5. The invention as defined in claim 4 wherein said switch means comprises:

two switch contact plates,

means for urging said contact plates apart from each other,

latch means for holding said contact plates together, and

means responsive to said disconnect signal for releasing said latch means.

6. The invention as defined in claim 4 wherein said releasing means comprises a motor.

7. The invention as defined in claim 2 wherein said means for setting said cut off voltage level comprises means for increasing the cut off voltage level proportionately with elapsed time from the last reset signal and for varying said battery voltage level as a function of said temperature signal.

8. The invention as defined in claim 1 wherein said electrical system includes hazard lights and wherein activation of said hazard lights produces a reset signal.

9. The invention as defined in claim 1 and comprising means for comparing said battery voltage signal with a preset low voltage level, said low voltage level being substantially less than said cut off voltage level, and for generating a reset signal whenever said battery voltage level falls below said low voltage level.

10. The invention as defined in claim 6 and comprising means responsive to a battery disconnect signal and an activation of said ignition system for activating said motor to move said switch contact plates into engagement with each other.