Photovoltaic roof and method of making same

• US 5,092,939 A
• Filed: 11/30/1990
• Issued: 03/03/1992
• Est. Priority Date: 11/30/1990
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: United Solar Systems Corp.
• Original Assignee: United Solar Systems Corp.
• Inventors: Nath, Prem, Laarman, Timothy
• Primary Examiner(s): Weisstuch, Aaron
• Application Number:
  US07/620,047
• Time in Patent Office: 459 Days
• Field of Search: 136/244, 136/251, 136/291, 437/2-5, 437/205, 437/207, 437/209, 437/224, 52/509, 52/173 R
• US Class Current: 136/251
• CPC Class Codes: E04D 3/3605 of roof covering supported directly by the roof structure E04D3/3607, E04D3/3608, E04D3/361 - E04D3/369 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: E04D 3/366 by closing the space between the slabs or sheets by gutters, bulges, or bridging elements, e.g. strips
• CPC Class Codes: F24S 20/67 in the form of roof constructions in the form of shingles or tiles F24S20/69
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 31/048 Encapsulation of modules
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 31/076 Multiple junction or tandem solar cells
• CPC Class Codes: H02S 20/23 specially adapted for roof structures
• CPC Class Codes: H02S 30/20 Collapsible or foldable PV modules
• CPC Class Codes: H02S 40/34 comprising specially adapted electrical connection means to be structurally associated with the PV module, e.g. junction boxes
• CPC Class Codes: Y02A 30/60 Planning or developing urban green infrastructure
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 10/10 Photovoltaic [PV]
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 10/20 Solar thermal
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 10/40 Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 10/44 Heat exchange systems
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 10/548 Amorphous silicon PV cells
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 136/291 Applications

Abstract

A roof structure 10 comprises panels 14 and 16 of desired length each having a galvanized steel supportive layer which has side supporting flanges 22 interconnected together to form the roof assembly 10. The mid portion 20 of each panel has a photovoltaic surface made from amorphous semiconductor material which is laminated onto the galvanized steel with a protective plastic transparent polymer coating laminated above the photovoltaic material. The laminated galvanized steel and the photovoltaic layers are rolled into a coil and transported on site where it is unrolled, cut to size having the flanges formed to construct the rigid panels and having the panels assembled together via clips 26 and weather-proof battens 32. The photovoltaic surfaces are connected together via electrical conduit 34 coupled through couplings 88 under the panels and between the frame members 30.

Claims

1. A method of installing a photovoltaic panel structure, said method characterized by the steps of:

providing a laminate including a photovoltaic device disposed on a front surface of a structural substrate material, said substrate material and photovoltaic device each having a preselected length and width such that the width of the device is less than the width of the substrate material, said device disposed on said substrate so as to define side edges of said substrate which are free of said device, said laminate further including a transparent polymeric layer disposed upon the front surface of said substrate so as to cover said photovoltaic device and at least a portion of said side edges, said laminate being semi-flexible and rolled up into a coil;

cutting strips of laminate off said coil;

reinforcing said strips by bending the side edges thereof to form flanges disposed at an angle to said front surface so as to form a plurality of substantially rigid photovoltaic panels, each panel including a photovoltaic device for providing electrical output in response to incident radiation;

electrically interconnecting said photovoltaic devices on said plurality of panels proximate the rear surface of the substrate material of said panels; and

fastening said panels onto a support substructure such that a sealed panel structure is formed on said support substructure.

2. A method as defined in claim 1 wherein said interconnecting step includes providing an electrical connector in electrical connection with said photovoltaic material of a first panel and passing through an aperture in said substrate material of said panel and disposed on a side of said substrate opposite of said photovoltaic material and in electrical connection to said photovoltaic material of a second panel through an aperture in the substrate of said second panel.

3. A method as defined in claim 2 wherein said electrical connector includes:

a first electrical conduit connected to said first panel and having a coupler at its distal end;

a second electrical conduit connected to said second panel and having a second coupler at its respective distal end; and

said first and second coupler being complementary and engagable to each other for an electrical connection between said first and second panel.

4. A method as defined in claim 3 wherein said electrical couplers are connected together to form series connections between the panels.

5. A method as defined in claim 3 wherein said electrical couplers are connected together to form parallel connections between the panels.

6. A method as defined in claim 1 wherein said substrate has transversely extending cutting areas regularly spaced along the length of the substrate;

and

said cutting step includes cutting said strip at one of said intervally spaced cutting areas transversely to the length of said strip.

7. A photovoltaic panel assembly characterized by:

a plurality of panels, each panel having a thin film photovoltaic material laminated on a front surface of a planar, semi-flexible substrate material that has side edges extending widthwise beyond said photovoltaic material, said photovoltaic material including an electrically conductive lead in electrical communication therewith, said lead passing through an aperture in said substrate and terminating with a connector proximate a rear surface thereof; and

each side edge of substrate material being bent to form reinforcing flanges extending substantially perpendicular with respect to said photovoltaic material.

8. A photovoltaic panel assembly as defined in claim 7 further characterized by:

a fastening means for fastening said panels to a support substructure.

9. A photovoltaic panel assembly as defined in claim 8 wherein:

said flanges are turned upwardly toward a side of the panel that has the photovoltaic material laminated thereon;

said fastening means includes a clip engagable to two adjacent upturned flanges of two adjacent panels and a fastener securing said clip to said support substructure; and

a batten being placed over said two upturned flanges of said adjacent panels and covering said clip and fastener.

10. A photovoltaic panel assembly as defined in claim 9 wherein said thin film photovoltaic material is sectioned into areas with said areas spaced apart on said substrate to form transversely extending cutting areas intervally spaced along the length of said laminate;

each panel being cut to length at one of said cutting areas transversely through said substrate to the length of said substrate.

11. A photovoltaic panel assembly as defined in claim 7 wherein said thin film photovoltaic material is laminated on said substrate in sections of a repetitive predetermined length forming spaced apart cutting areas, each panel being cut to length at one of said cutting areas transversely through said substrate to the length of said substrate.