Multi-channel digital receiver for global positioning system

• US 5,101,416 A
• Filed: 11/28/1990
• Issued: 03/31/1992
• Est. Priority Date: 11/28/1990
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Novatel Incorporated (Hexagon AB)
• Original Assignee: Novatel Communications Incorporated
• Inventors: Ng, Kwok-Ki K., Ford, Thomas J., Fenton, Patrick
• Primary Examiner(s): Tarcza, Thomas H.
• Assistant Examiner(s): CAIN, DAVID C
• Application Number:
  US07/619,316
• Time in Patent Office: 489 Days
• Field of Search: 375/1, 342/357
• US Class Current: 375/150
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 19/21 Interference related issues ; Issues related to cross-correlation, spoofing or other methods of denial of service
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 19/37 Hardware or software details of the signal processing chain
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 1/707 using direct sequence modulation
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 1/7085 using a code tracking loop, e.g. a delay-locked loop
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 1/709 Correlator structure

Abstract

A receiver for pseudorandom noise (PRN) encoded signals consisting of a sampling circuit and multiple channel circuits, with each channel circuit including a carrier and code synchronizing circuit and multiple digital correlators with dynamically adjustable code delay spacing. The sampling circuit provides high-rate digital samples of the incoming composite signal to each receiver channel. Within each channel, the synchronizing circuit detects cycle slips in a locally generated carrier reference signal as well as phase drift in a locally generated PRN code signal. The correlators compare the digital samples with a locally generated PRN code to produce early, late, and/or punctual correlation signals which are used to adjust the local PRN code. A non-linear sampling technique may be used to provide increased sensitivity in the presence of continuous wave interfering signals.

Claims

1. A receiver for decoding a composite signal consisting of a plurality of pseudorandom noise (PRN) encoded signals, the receiver comprising:

means for generating a local clock signal;

a sampling circuit, connected to receive the composite signal and the local clock signal, and to provide digital in-phase (I) and quadrature (Q) samples of the composite signal;

a channel circuit, for decoding one of the PRN encoded signals, wherein the channel circuit further comprises;

means for generating a Doppler shift estimate signal;

a correlator connected to receive the I and Q samples, a local carrier reference signal, and a local code reference signal, and to provide a code adjustment signal; and

a code and carrier synchronizing circuit, connected to receive the sample clock signal, the Doppler shift estimate signal, and the code adjustment signal, for providing the carrier reference signal and the code reference signal, with the carrier reference signal and code reference signals in synchronism with each other.

2. A receiver as in claim 1 wherein the channel circuit additionally comprises:

means for determining the relative divergence between the carrier reference signal and the code reference signal.

3. A receiver for decoding a composite signal consisting of a plurality of pseudorandom noise (PRN) encoded signals, the receiver comprising:

means for generating a local clock signal;

a sampling circuit, connected to receive the composite signal and the local clock signal, and to provide digital in-phase (I) and quadrature (Q) samples of the composite signal;

a channel circuit, for decoding one of the PRN encoded signals, wherein the channel circuit further comprises;

means for providing a local PRN code signal;

a pair of correlators, each correlator connected to receive the I and Q samples and the local PRN code, and to provide a decoded signal, wherein the correlators are selectably configurable as early and late correlators in a first mode, and configurable as punctual and early minus late correlators in a second mode.

4. A receiver as in claim 3 wherein the correlators use an integration time less that the epoch time of the PRN encoded signal in the first mode.

5. A receiver for decoding a composite signal consisting of a plurality of pseudorandom noise (PRN) encoded signals, the receiver comprising:

means for generating a local clock signal;

a sampling circuit, connected to receive the composite signal and the local clock signal, and to provide digital in-phase (I) and quadrature (Q) samples of the composite signal; and

a channel circuit, for decoding one of the PRN encoded signals, wherein the channel circuit further comprises;

means for providing a local PRN code signal; and

a pair of correlators, each correlator connected to receive the I and Q samples and the local PRN code, and to provide a decoded signal, wherein the correlators have dynamically selectable delays.

6. A receiver for decoding a composite signal consisting of a plurality of pseudorandom noise (PRN) encoded signals, the receiver comprising:

means for generating a local clock signal;

a gain control circuit, connected to receive the composite signal and having a gain control input, and connted to provide a gain-controlled composite signal;

a sampling circuit, connected to receive the gain-controlled composite signal and the local clock signal, and to provide digital in-phase (I) and quadrature (Q) samples of the composite signal;

a plurality of counters, with a counter associated with a particular expected absolute value of the digital I and Q samples, and the counters arranged to increment each time an I or Q sample having the corresponding magnitude is output by the sampling circuit; and

means for reading the values of the counters and adjusting the gain control input of the gain control circuit.

7. A receiver as in claim 6 additionally comprising:

means for reading the values of the counters and comparing their relative magnitudes to determine if continuous wave jamming signals are present in the composite signal; and

means for adjusting the gain control input, if jamming signals are present, so that the peak positive and negative values input to the sampling circuit correspond to the lowest positive and negative output values.

8. A receiver as in claim 7 wherein the sampling circuit provides digital in-phase (I) and quadrature (Q) samples having values in the range of 0, +/-1, +/-2, and +/-3, and the means for adjusting the gain control input adjusts the peak positive and negative values to correspond to digital values 0 and +/-1.

9. A receiver for demodulating and decoding a composite radio frequency (RF) signal consisting of a plurality of transmitted pseudorandom noise (PRN) encoded signals comprising:

an RF downconverter, connected to receive the composite RF signal and to provide a composite intermediate frequency (IF) signal;

means for generating a local sample clock signal;

a sampling circuit, connected to receive the composite IF signal and the local sample clock signal, and to provide digital in-phase (I) samples and quadrature (Q) samples of the composite IF signal;

a plurality of channel circuits, each channel circuit for demodulating and decoding one of the transmitted PRN encoded signals, and connected in parallel with the other channel circuits, such that each channel circuit receives the I samples and Q samples at the same time as the other channel circuits, wherein each channel circuit further comprises;

means for providing an expected carrier phase signal;

a synchronizing circuit, connected to receive the sample clock signal, the expected carrier phase signal, and a synchronizing adjustment signal, and connected to provide an accumulated carrier phase signal and a PRN code phase control signal, the accumulated carrier phase signal and code phase signals being synchronous with each other;

a PRN code signal generator, connected to receive the PRN code phase control signal and to provide a local reference PRN code signal;

decoding and carrier rotation means, including means for simultaneously demodulating and decoding the I and Q sample signals, connected to receive the I samples, the Q samples, the local reference PRN code signal, and the accumulated carrier phase signal, the demodulating means for phase-rotating the I and Q samples by an amount indicated by the carrier phase signal, and the decoding means for multiplying the I and Q samples by the local reference PRN code signal, and providing decoded I and Q samples; and

correlation means, connected to receive the decoded I and Q samples, for determining the correlation power level at first and second code phase delays, and for providing the synchronizing adjustment signal to the synchronizing circuit by comparing the correlation power levels at the first and second phase delays.